IMPACTS OF DIFFERENT SOCIAL SYSTEMS ON INCOME SITUATION OF HOUSEHOLDS

Social policy affects the life of every individual in society. Its main aim is to eliminate social inequality. Success in fulfilling such a goal is influenced by the applied social system. Income inequality is the most frequently used expression of social inequality. Authors of the presented paper describe analysis of income and expenditure of households collated in variousquintiles, taking into account the effect of social transfers on the total amount of income. Respecting fundamental social systems and monitoring their effectiveness, as the topic of interest income data from the Czech Republic, UK, Sweden and Germany was chosen. The data was taken from Eurostat, in the period of 2003-2013. Conclusions are compared with results of the income poverty analysis as the income poverty is the most common form of poverty in the EU countries

Material Deprivation in Selected EU Countries According to EU-SILC Income Statistics

The article deals with issues of households at risk of poverty in relative conception. Income poverty means a situation when the threshold of 0.6 of median income is not achieved. The analysis of a broader definition of poverty is based on identification and assessment of material deprivation factors, including: financial stress, housing conditions, availability of consumer durables and basic needs. Data sources are based EU-SILC dataset. Presented analysis is focused on selected EU countries, namely Czech Republic, Finland, France, Spain and United Kingdom. The result identifies the problem areas that cause deprivation symptoms

Has the level of achieved education affected the income of Czech households

This paper deals with an analysis of the effects of education on the income of Czech households from 2006-2010. EU-SILC (European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions) review results are the main data source. The paper investigates with the living conditions of households and that is mandatory for all states. Based on the unified methodology, that is then possible to make comparison between countries. Households are divided into five categories according to the education attained by the head of the household. It further deals with income differences of individual educational groups expressed by the education coefficient. Households at risk of poverty are also taken into account. Income inequality is measured by way of the Gini coefficient. The analysis uses regression techniques to examine the relation between education and the Gini coefficient, as well as between education and households at risk of poverty. The biggest share is represented by households where the household head has vocational education, followed by households where the household head has secondary education. The regression analyses established strong positive dependence between the education level and Gini coefficient, as well as strong negative dependence between the education level and number of households at risk of poverty. Within analyzed period of five years was observed a negative development in the society in form that there is a bigger possibility of getting into the zone at risk of poverty for households with higher level of education

Determinants of Czech Inhabitants’ Living Standards

Living standards are influenced by several variables. In the submitted paper, they are divided into eight main groups based on analysing alternative indicators of living standards – public life, place of residence, economic area, educational area, health care, environment, interpersonal relationships and personality. The main source of the data is represented by the results of a questionnaire survey performed in 2013 and 2014 in the Czech Republic, focused on elicitation of inhabitants’ opinions about how much 99 individual variables influence their living standards. Using Principal Component Analysis, there were seven factors created out of the assessed variables. They should be reflected by a complex assessment of living standards

Standard of Living in the European Union

This chapter focuses on the measurement of standard of living and on the factors influencing its level. Specific attention is paid to the indicators of standard of living, and the frequent employment of GDP is discussed and compared with possible alternatives. Household income is also a factor of central importance in determining standard of living, and the chapter assesses this factor in terms of household income distribution, the setting of poverty limits, the measurement of income disparity and the causes and effects of poverty. The situation is monitored in five selected EU countries: the Czech Republic, Finland, France, Spain and the United Kingdom

Standard of Living in the European Union

This chapter focuses on the measurement of standard of living and on the factors influencing its level. Specific attention is paid to the indicators of standard of living, and the frequent employment of GDP is discussed and compared with possible alternatives. Household income is also a factor of central importance in determining standard of living, and the chapter assesses this factor in terms of household income distribution, the setting of poverty limits, the measurement of income disparity and the causes and effects of poverty. The situation is monitored in five selected EU countries: the Czech Republic, Finland, France, Spain and the United Kingdom

How the Income Situation of Households in the CR Responds to the Economic Development of the Society

The paper deals with the relation between the income situation of households in the Czech Republic and economic growth. The monitoring covers a period of 2005–2010, i.e. a period of a relatively high economic growth and a beginning economic crisis. The period has been chosen based on the available dataset from a survey of the income situation of households and their living conditions - project EU-SILC (European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions) - using a unified EU methodology. The income situation of inhabitants has been evaluated from the perspectives of its level and its differentiation. The used indicators were the mean disposable income per a household member, a decile distribution of income, the Gini coefficient for the measurement of income disparities, the poverty threshold and the depth of poverty. The results show that in the years of economic growth, i.e. 2005, 2006, and 2007, indicators of income situation displayed a positive trend – the mean disposable income per a household member increased including the median income situation, the number of households at risk of poverty decreased – in 2008 the proportion of Czech households at risk of poverty achieved the lowest percentage of all EU countries, i.e. 5.56%. The beginning economic recession in 2008 can be observed in the values of macroeconomic indicators. The changes in the income situation of households started to be more markedly manifested as late as in 2010, besides the decrease in the final consumption of households, there was a change in the interannual growth of the mean income of households and an increase in the number of households at risk of poverty. The conclusions prove an up to two-year delay of the impacts of the economic development of the society on the living conditions of households

Has the level of achieved education affected the income of Czech households

This paper deals with an analysis of the effects of education on the income of Czech households from 2006-2010. EU-SILC (European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions) review results are the main data source. The paper investigates with the living conditions of households and that is mandatory for all states. Based on the unified methodology, that is then possible to make comparison between countries. Households are divided into five categories according to the education attained by the head of the household. It further deals with income differences of individual educational groups expressed by the education coefficient. Households at risk of poverty are also taken into account. Income inequality is measured by way of the Gini coefficient. The analysis uses regression techniques to examine the relation between education and the Gini coefficient, as well as between education and households at risk of poverty. The biggest share is represented by households where the household head has vocational education, followed by households where the household head has secondary education. The regression analyses established strong positive dependence between the education level and Gini coefficient, as well as strong negative dependence between the education level and number of households at risk of poverty. Within analyzed period of five years was observed a negative development in the society in form that there is a bigger possibility of getting into the zone at risk of poverty for households with higher level of education