Les Moutiers-en-Cinglais – L’Herbage de Foupendant (parcelle A128)

Le 7 juin 1944, 75 résistants furent fusillés dans la prison de Caen et enterrés dans les courettes. Sans rentrer dans le détail de l’histoire de cet évènement majeur de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, il fut décidé de déplacer les fusillés hors de Caen. Leurs corps furent exhumés peu de temps après, le 30 juin. Pour cela, 8 prisonniers (6 résistants et 2 prisonniers de droit commun) furent extraits de la prison de Condé-sur-Sarthe.À ce jour, les corps des résistants impliqués (soit un total de ..

Therapeutic activity of two xanthones in a xenograft murine model of human chronic lymphocytic leukemia

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>We previously reported that allanxanthone C and macluraxanthone, two xanthones purified from <it>Guttiferae </it>trees, display <it>in vitro </it>antiproliferative and proapoptotic activities in leukemic cells from chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and leukemia B cell lines.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Here, we investigated the <it>in vivo </it>therapeutic effects of the two xanthones in a xenograft murine model of human CLL, developed by engrafting CD5-transfected chronic leukemia B cells into SCID mice. Treatment of the animals with five daily injections of either allanxanthone C or macluraxanthone resulted in a significant prolongation of their survival as compared to control animals injected with the solvent alone (<it>p </it>= 0.0006 and <it>p </it>= 0.0141, respectively). The same treatment of mice which were not xenografted induced no mortality.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>These data show for the first time the <it>in vivo </it>antileukemic activities of two plant-derived xanthones, and confirm their potential interest for CLL therapy.</p

The BCS Functional for General Pair Interactions

The Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) functional has recently received renewed attention as a description of fermionic gases interacting with local pairwise interactions. We present here a rigorous analysis of the BCS functional for general pair interaction potentials. For both zero and positive temperature, we show that the existence of a non-trivial solution of the nonlinear BCS gap equation is equivalent to the existence of a negative eigenvalue of a certain linear operator. From this we conclude the existence of a critical temperature below which the BCS pairing wave function does not vanish identically. For attractive potentials, we prove that the critical temperature is non-zero and exponentially small in the strength of the potential.Comment: Revised Version. To appear in Commun. Math. Phys

A Novel Method for Learning Policies from Variable Constraint Data

Many everyday human skills can be framed in terms of performing some task subject to constraints imposed by the environment. Constraints are usually unobservable and frequently change between contexts. In this paper, we present a novel approach for learning (unconstrained) control policies from movement data, where observations come from movements under different constraints. As a key ingredient, we introduce a small but highly effective modification to the standard risk functional, allowing us to make a meaningful comparison between the estimated policy and constrained observations. We demonstrate our approach on systems of varying complexity, including kinematic data from the ASIMO humanoid robot with 27 degrees of freedom, and present results for learning from human demonstration

Stress, environment and reproduction in teleost fish

Stress, environment and reproduction in teleost fis

Influence de quelques facteurs de l'environnement sur la fonction de reproduction chez les poissons

Climate, photoperiod and temperature directly influence reproduction as does food availability which is an indirect effect. The effects of photoperiodism are more varied than those of temperature but long-term thermal variations also influence reproduction. Some parameters of the aquatic medium, such as pH, O sub(2), water salinity, social environment, are also important, affecting gametogenesis and fertility. Man represents the main environmental influence having a direct (domestication, manipulation) or indirect effect by profoundly changing the medium (pollution). The various environmental factors, interacting with endogenous parameters, depend on the physiology and health of the animal at a given time of the year or the day and on the degree of domestication

Stimulation of gonadotropin secretion in goldfish by elevation of rearing temperature

International audienceAdult goldfish put under controlled-raising photoperiod were subjected to a progressive rise in rearing temperature between February and May, or to a sudden rise in February when gametogenesis is initiated or in May when it is in progress. Plasma gonadotropin (c-GtH) was measured by radioimmunoassay. When temperature rose from 10 °C to 20 or 30 °C, a significant increase of immunoreactive c-GtH was observed. In a control group maintained at 10 °C from February to May, the cGtH level increased significantly, but remained significantly lower than the level of the group subjected to a progressive rise in rearing temperature and kept under the same photoperiod. This suggests an effect of both temperature and photoperiod on c-GtH release.Des poissons rouges adultes placés en photopériode artificielle et croissante sont soumis à une élévation progressive de leur température d’élevage entre février et mai. D’autres subissent une élévation de température rapide, soit en février lors de l’initiation de la gamétogenèse ou en mai lorsque les animaux sont en pleine gamétogenèse. La gonadotropine plasmatique (c-GtH) est dosée par une méthode radioimmunologique. Lorsque la température s’élève de 10 à 20 ou 30 °C, il se produit un accroissement significatif de la c-GtH immunoréactive. Dans les groupes d’animaux maintenus sous photopériode croissante et soumis à des températures d’élevage constantes (10°C) ou croissantes (passage de 10 à 20 °C entre février et mai) les niveaux circulant de c-GtH augmentent significativement, mais l’augmentation est plus marquée pour le lot soumis à l’élévation de température (P < 0,005). Ceci suggère la possibilité d’une action combinée de la température et de la photopériode sur la sécrétion de c-GtH

Effets de la température de la photopériode et des niveaux alimentaires sur la gonadotropine plasmatique et hypophysaire et la gamétogenèse du poisson rouge

A rise in rearing temperature stimulated gonadotropic hormone (c-GTH) secretion in Carassius auratus . This plasma c-GTH increase was not followed by gonadal development. No matter what the season, a rise of water temperature temporarily blocked gonadal development; however, high temperature inhibition of gametogenesis was reversible because after 9 months at 30 C, the fish showed completely and apparently normal gametogenesis. Photoperiod did not influence pituitary secretion and the mean plasma c-GTH level. However, the existence of circadian plasma c-GTH cycles indicated that photoperiod might affect gonadotropic secretion. Long winter photoperiods also strongly stimulated oogenesis. Reduced food intake for 3 months did not cause gonadotropic secretion to decrease with any of the photoperiod or temperatures used. On the other hand, at 20 C with long and short-day regimes there was a significant increase (P<0.05) of pituitary GTH in females not fed the granules. Depriving the fish of granules for 3 months caused the testes to regress at 12 C/short days and at 20 C /long days, but rehabilitation ad libitum after 1 month of fsting prevented this testicular regression

Vieillissement des ovules et potentialisation par la température des effets des micropolluants du milieu aqueux sur les gamètes chez la truite

The authors tested the effect of temperature on the survival of rainb ow trout iSalmo gairdneri ) and brown trout (Salmo trutta ) egg s. In both these species, a rise in temperature reduced the fertile life of the eggs. In the rainbow trout, temperature apparently only increased metabolism because the eggs retained the same fertilizability for the same number of degrees/days, whether the temperature was 10 or 20 degree C. In the brown trout, a 15 degree C temperature was rapidly lethal for the eggs; fertilizability loss was quicke and higher at 15 degree C that at 10 degree C for the same number of degrees/days. The effects of temperature on the gamete survival of both these species were also tested after the incorporation of increasing doses of lindane and pyralene 3010 (P CB) in the diluter. In the rainbow trout at 10 degree C the lindane, applied for 20 and 40 min, at doses of 0.25, 2.5 and 25 ppm, was not toxic for the eggs; on the other hand, fertilizability decreased sign ificantly (P < 0.01) at 20 degree F