Satellite Estimates of Momentum Fluxes from High-Impact Gravity Wave Events in the Stratosphere and Their Effects on Circulation

Recent assessments of chemistry-climate models (CCMs) reveal biases in temperatures and winds in, especially but not limited to, the Southern Hemisphere stratosphere, where winds are generally too strong and temperatures too cold. The reasons for these biases are not completely understood, but it is thought that missing wave drag in models is a major culprit. Observational and modeling studies support this idea by elucidating the role of infrequent but very high-impact gravity wave events in the stratosphere. These highly intermittent gravity wave events with large momentum fluxes are the most important drivers of circulation and transport in the stratosphere, yet they are not treated correctly in most global models. This has implications for the cold pole problem in the Southern Hemisphere and the global Brewer-Dobson circulation in general. In this presentation we show results combining HIRDLS and AIRS to derive detailed gravity wave properties and obtain new quantitative estimates of the local and intermittent gravity wave drag in the stratosphere. The combination of high-vertical resolution (1 km) and near-global (60S to 80N), close horizontal sampling (100 km) makes HIRDLS temperatures the best available dataset for retrieving gravity wave properties needed to diagnose gravity wave effects on circulation. We further exploit the close zonal sampling of HIRDLS near the turnaround latitude in the Southern Hemisphere to obtain estimates of the missing drag. We combine the HIRDLS results with AIRS brightness temperature images, which reveal high-spatial resolution detail of long vertical wavelength waves, to obtain 3-D, day-to-day variability in gravity wave properties and attribute the wave events to wave sources. The AIRS and HIRDLS datasets complement each other well since the two instruments have very different resolutions and horizontal sampling

A Study of the Carbon Cycle Using NASA Observations and the GEOS Model

The Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS) model has been developed in the Global Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO) at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center. From its roots in chemical transport and as a General Circulation Model, the GEOS model has been extended to an Earth System Model based on a modular construction using the Earth System Modeling Framework (ESMF), combining elements developed in house in the GMAO with others that are imported through collaborative research. It is used extensively for research and for product generation, both as a free-running model and as the core of the GMAO's data assimilation system. In recent years, the GMAO's modeling and assimilation efforts have been strongly supported by Piers Sellers, building on both his earlier legacy as an observationally oriented model developer and his post-astronaut career as a dynamic leader into new territory. Piers' long-standing interest in the carbon cycle and the combination of models with observations motivates this presentation, which will focus on the representation of the carbon cycle in the GEOS Earth System Model. Examples will include: (i) the progression from specified land-atmosphere surface fluxes to computations with an interactive model component (Catchment-CN), along with constraints on vegetation distributions using satellite observations; (ii) the use of high-resolution satellite observations to constrain human-generated inputs to the atmosphere; (iii) studies of the consistency of the observed atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations with those in the model simulations. The presentation will focus on year-to-year variations in elements of the carbon cycle, specifically on how the observations can inform the representation of mechanisms in the model and lead to integrity in global carbon dioxide simulations. Further, applications of the GEOS model to the planning of new carbon-climate observations will be addressed, as an example of the work that was strongly supported by Piers in the last months of his leadership of Earth Science at NASA Goddard

NASA GMAO S2S Prediction System Hindcast and Near-Real Time Operations Strategy

In this presentation we present an overview of the GMAO Sub-Seasonal and Seasonal Prediction System with a focus on the computing time and resources and actual time it takes to complete a full set of hindcasts. The goal is to come up with some solutions to allow us to run more ensemble members for the next version of the system which will be higher resolution and take many more resources

Evolving HPC and Application Design Toward a Coupled Data Assimilation System at NASA Suitable for Emerging Exascale Platforms

The prediction capabilities of global models have continuously evolved from the traditional medium-range global weather prediction application to span scales in support of hourly prediction of convective scale storms to seasonal Earth system prediction. This evolution has increased the demands on the system infrastructure design and workflow to achieve the required performance on modern high-performance computing (HPC) platforms. The planned evolution of the Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS) modeling and assimilation system will stress the capabilities of conventional HPC overwhelming the available compute cycles at the NASA Center for Climate Simulation (NCCS) at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center in the coming 5-10 years. This has led to the re-design of key elements of the assimilation and modeling systems to achieve significant gains in performance on anticipated Exacale platforms. The transition of the assimilation system to the Joint Effort for Data assimilation Integration (JEDI) framework has positioned GEOS to exploit new efficient algorithms for data assimilation (DA) in a fully-coupled Earth system context. The suitability of the GEOS model to leverage a domain specific language (DSL) approach and artificial intelligence (AI) is being explored to accelerate computational performance and data exchange efficiency of the coupled Earth system model. The storage and processing of large data volumes produced by these advance systems is being redesigned with a data-centric cloud-based approach. We will highlight the recent efforts in these areas and emphasize the demand for further development and re-design to achieve the science objectives in support of NASA's Earth system modeling and assimilation missions

Developing Data Assimilated 4D Global Precipitation Products from the GEOS system in Support of the GPM Mission

This presentation is to report on the progresses made for the NASA Precipitation Measurement Mission (PMM) science team research tasks that are recently funded by NASA HQ. These tasks include (1) extending the existing GEOS all-sky analysis system to assimilate radiance data from other microwave sensors in GPM constellation satellites, (2) producing improved GEOS analyses of precipitation and downscaling of satellite precipitation estimates, and (3) providing the GEOS analyses to PMM Science team as prototype of GPM Level-4 products

geoschem/HEMCO: HEMCO 3.5.0

<p>Release date: 25 Oct 2022 DOI TBD</p> <p>This version features the following updates since HEMCO 3.4.0.</p> From <code>CHANGELOG.md</code> Added <ul> <li>Support for MAPL 2.16 (needed by GCHP and GEOS)</li> <li>Bug fix for HEMCO standalone run directory creation</li> <li>Bug fix: If HEMCO masks are specified as <code>lon1/lat1/lon2/lat2</code>, then don't try to read from disk</li> <li>Documentation from the GEOS-Chem wiki (now on ReadTheDocs)</li> <li>Badges for the ReadTheDocs front page</li> <li>Bug fix for masking issues in MPI environment (for WRF, CESM)</li> <li>Mapping of CAM-Chem species to GFED4 (for CESM)</li> <li>New documentation for hemco.readthedocs.io, migrated from GC wiki</li> <li>Updated documentation on vertical regridding behavior</li> </ul> Changed <ul> <li>Ignore non-printing characters (e.g. tabs) when reading<code>HEMCO_Config.rc</code>. This had caused a bug in GCHP.</li> <li>Updated module names for MAPL 2.16 upgrade</li> <li>"Diagnostic counter zero" warning is now printed at warning level 2 (instead of 1)</li> <li><code>OFFLINE_BIOGENICVOC</code> emissions in MEGAN now include species MOH </li> </ul> What's Changed <ul> <li>Bug fix in megan extension by @lizziel in <a href="https://github.com/geoschem/HEMCO/pull/140">https://github.com/geoschem/HEMCO/pull/140</a></li> <li>MAPL 2.16 updates (on top of HEMCO 3.4.0) by @yantosca in <a href="https://github.com/geoschem/HEMCO/pull/129">https://github.com/geoschem/HEMCO/pull/129</a></li> <li>Strip out tabs and end-of-line comments when reading from HEMCO_Config.rc -- Closes #150 by @yantosca in <a href="https://github.com/geoschem/HEMCO/pull/151">https://github.com/geoschem/HEMCO/pull/151</a></li> <li>Change diagnostic counter zero warning from warning level 1 to 2 by @lizziel in <a href="https://github.com/geoschem/HEMCO/pull/148">https://github.com/geoschem/HEMCO/pull/148</a></li> <li>Docs updates on vertical regridding and HEMCO_Config.rc by @jimmielin in <a href="https://github.com/geoschem/HEMCO/pull/154">https://github.com/geoschem/HEMCO/pull/154</a></li> <li>Add fixes for generating HEMCO standalone run directories by @msulprizio in <a href="https://github.com/geoschem/HEMCO/pull/155">https://github.com/geoschem/HEMCO/pull/155</a></li> <li>Add fix to restore copying all needed HEMCO_Config.rc files when creating HEMCO standalone run directories by @msulprizio in <a href="https://github.com/geoschem/HEMCO/pull/157">https://github.com/geoschem/HEMCO/pull/157</a></li> <li>Fix masking issues in MPI (WRF, CESM) environment by @jimmielin in <a href="https://github.com/geoschem/HEMCO/pull/161">https://github.com/geoschem/HEMCO/pull/161</a></li> <li>Map CAM-chem species list to GFED4 by @jimmielin in <a href="https://github.com/geoschem/HEMCO/pull/158">https://github.com/geoschem/HEMCO/pull/158</a></li> </ul> <p><strong>Full Changelog</strong>: <a href="https://github.com/geoschem/HEMCO/compare/3.4.0...3.5.0">https://github.com/geoschem/HEMCO/compare/3.4.0...3.5.0</a></p&gt

geoschem/HEMCO: HEMCO 3.6.3

<p>Release Date 15 Sep 2023</p> CHANGELOG Fixed <ul> <li>Fix nvhpc compiler error in CESM due to line length exceeded by @lizziel in <a href="https://github.com/geoschem/HEMCO/pull/240">https://github.com/geoschem/HEMCO/pull/240</a></li> </ul> <p><strong>Full Changelog</strong>: <a href="https://github.com/geoschem/HEMCO/compare/3.6.2...3.6.3">https://github.com/geoschem/HEMCO/compare/3.6.2...3.6.3</a></p&gt

geoschem/HEMCO: HEMCO 3.7.0

Release date: 05 Oct 2023 What's Changed Reduce logfile output in HEMCO, and combine Verbose and Warnings into a single switch by @yantosca in https://github.com/geoschem/HEMCO/pull/182 Remove src/Shared/NcdfUtil/perl folder by @yantosca in https://github.com/geoschem/HEMCO/pull/183 Update GFED4 biomass burning emission factors and add furans by @msulprizio in https://github.com/geoschem/HEMCO/pull/189 Deprecate HEMCO_CESM preprocessor constant. Now use MODEL_CESM by @jimmielin in https://github.com/geoschem/HEMCO/pull/197 Fixes for reading masks in HEMCO (merge bugfix/masks into HEMCO 3.7.0) by @yantosca in https://github.com/geoschem/HEMCO/pull/198 Remove computational bottlenecks in hco_calc_mod.F90 by @yantosca in https://github.com/geoschem/HEMCO/pull/201 Write HEMCO restart files to the rundir "Restarts/" subdirectory by @yantosca in https://github.com/geoschem/HEMCO/pull/202 Bug fix: Allow mask files ending in ".$NC" not to be interpreted as a mask having no file by @yantosca in https://github.com/geoschem/HEMCO/pull/205 Increase the string length for reading lines from HEMCO standalone grid by @msulprizio in https://github.com/geoschem/HEMCO/pull/207 Update tracer names in RnPbBe extension by @msulprizio in https://github.com/geoschem/HEMCO/pull/214 Update HCO_WARNING arguments in MODEL_GEOS block to avoid GEOS build … by @lizziel in https://github.com/geoschem/HEMCO/pull/219 Prevent run-time crash if using GEOSIT meteorolology directory by @lizziel in https://github.com/geoschem/HEMCO/pull/220 Change GEOS-IT meteorology constants year from 2011 to 2018 by @lizziel in https://github.com/geoschem/HEMCO/pull/223 Print HEMCO verbose status and volcano extension on root thread only by @lizziel in https://github.com/geoschem/HEMCO/pull/221 Fix bug in volcano extension causing crash when volcano turned off by @lizziel in https://github.com/geoschem/HEMCO/pull/230 Fix nvhpc compiler error in CESM due to line length exceeded by @lizziel in https://github.com/geoschem/HEMCO/pull/240 Full Changelog: https://github.com/geoschem/HEMCO/compare/3.6.2...3.7.

GEOS-ESM/MAPL: MAPL 2.40.4

This is a patch release of MAPL 2.40 which has a attempted fix for using MAPL-as-a-library via find_package(MAPL). The issue seemed to be due to not having any find_dependencies() calls in the resulting mapl-import.cmake file created on installation so MAPL itself did not describe what it needed correctly. This is zero-diff to v2.40.3 The libraries this version of MAPL is currently tested with are below. (This is a change since MAPL 2.39) Baselibs 7.14.0 netcdf-c 4.9.2 (Needed for quantize support, but not required for all of MAPL) netcdf-fortran 4.6.1 (Needed for quantize support, but not required for all of MAPL) ESMF 8.5.0 (required) GFE 1.11.0 gFTL 1.10.0 gFTL-shared 1.6.1 pFUnit 4.7.3 (optional) fArgParse 1.5.0 (if -DBUILD_WITH_FARGPARSE=YES, default=YES) pFlogger 1.9.5 (if -DBUILD_WITH_PFLOGGER=YES, default=YES) FLAP geos/v1.10.0 (if -DBUILD_WITH_FLAP=YES, default=NO) Also, if you build with -DUSE_F2PY=ON, you will need: ESMA_cmake v3.31.1 We recommend most external users set -DUSE_F2PY=OFF From CHANGELOG.md Fixed Fixed handling of MAPL dependencies for when find_package(MAPL) is used What's Changed Fix MAPL dependencies for MAPL-as-library in CMake by @mathomp4 in https://github.com/GEOS-ESM/MAPL/pull/2320 Full Changelog: https://github.com/GEOS-ESM/MAPL/compare/v2.40.3...v2.40.

Victim ranking among sex offenders

A previous exploratory study of the Child Molester Empathy Measure (CMEM) focused on the difference between offenders' normal level of general empathy and the way in which a sample of Dutch offenders viewed their own victims. The authors found that, regardless of their level of general victim empathy, all offenders thought that their own victims were better off than the unknown victims of sexual offences. In order to study this ranking phenomenon more closely, the authors replicated the study procedure with Dutch and Australian offenders. The authors rated each offender's responses for three child victims on the CMEM on an n-dimensional column vector and compared these data with their answers to the same questions related to two adult victims. The results are presented in this paper.