Prognostic factors related with survival in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma

WOS: 000340730400015PubMed ID: 25152583The prognosis in patients with pancreatic cancer is poor and this cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Although surgical resection is the only curative treatment of choice for pancreatic cancer, the majority of patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage, thus only 10%-15% of them are suitable for curative resection and the overall survival is less than 5%. Chemotherapy for metastatic disease is to palliate symptoms of patients and to improve survival. Therefore, prognostic factors are important and a correct definition of poor prognostic factors may help to guide more aggressive adjuvant or aggressive treatment protocols in patients with pancreatic cancer. This article reviews the prognostic factors affecting survival of patients with pancreatic cancer in the light of recent advances in the literature

Promicanje skrbničke demokracije kao projekta socijalnog inženjeringa političko intelektualnoga pokreta: studija o časopisu Yön

Although the widely-accepted definition of democracy ensures governing people for the people by the people, it has been reinterpreted by the Turkish left, and it has been noted that real democracy can only be sustained via a socialist revolution. Yön Journal has gained a critical place in reinterpreting the classical definition of democracy and pioneered the construction of a socijalist ideology blended with the principles of Kemalism and nationalism. Realizing the key role of Yön Journal in Turkey’s road to democracy, this study aimed to explore how the essence of democracy was considered within the journal and what identifying characteristics the concept of democracy had within the framework of Yön Journal. In line with this purpose, grounded theory was adopted as the research methodology, and all authored and anonymous articles in 222 issues of the journal were examined through the constant comparative method and hermeneutic approach. The results revealed that Yöncüler attributed a tutelary feature to the quintessence of democracy. Correspondingly, it was concluded that the socialist ideology adopted in Yön Journal pursued a tutelary democracy, and Yöncüler did not build tutelary ideology only on the inadequacy of the people, but also on the need for a leading cadre.Iako općeprihvaćena definicija demokracije osigurava upravljanje ljudima za ljude od ljudi, turska ljevica ponovo ju je protumačila te uočila da se stvarna demokracija može održati samo putem socijalističke revolucije. Časopis Yön stekao je kritično mjesto u reinterpretaciji klasične definicije demokracije te je postavio put izgradnji socijalističke ideologije spojene s načelima kemalizma i nacionalizma. Uzimajući u obzir ključnu ulogu časopisa Yön na putu Turske prema demokraciji, cilj je ove studije istražiti kako se u časopisu razmatra bit demokracije i koja prepoznatljiva obilježja ima koncept demokracije. U skladu s navedenim, kao metodologija istraživanja odabrana je utemeljena teorija te su autorski i anonimni radovi u 222 broja časopisa istraženi koristeći stalnu komparativnu metodu i hermeneutički pristup. Rezultati su pokazali da je Yöncüler kvintesenciji demokracije pripisao skrbničku značajku. U skladu s tim, zaključeno je da je usvojena socijalistička ideologija u časopisu Yön težila skrbničkoj demokraciji te da Yöncüler nije izgradio skrbničku ideologiju samo na nedostatnosti ljudi, već i na potrebi za vodećim kadrom

The Determining Role of EU in Turkey's Trade Flows: A Gravity Model Approach

This paper aims to determine the role of EU in Turkey’s trade flows by using the gravity model. It also aims to test whether the Customs Union (of EU) that Turkey entered in 1996 made a deviation in Turkey’s trade flows. Regional trade agreements on the one hand create new trade opportunities (trade creation effect). On the other hand, these agreements may also lead to diversion from free trade (trade diversion effect). Turkey’s Customs Union agreement without becoming a member of EU provides a laboratory to researchers to test whether the agreement was significant enough to cause any deviation in Turkey’s trade flow. In the first part of the study, we shortly provide some descriptive statistics related to Turkey’s trade flows with EU to see whether EU has gained any weight in the flows. In the second part, we first develop a gravity model that econometrically designates the determinants of Turkey’s trade flows via panel data approach. Next, we use this equation to test the importance of EU countries in Turkey’s trade flow and whether the flow has been subject to a deviation after the Customs Union agreement. Our findings indicate that EU countries have always been important in Turkey’s trade flow and that Customs Union has increased EU’s importance marginally in determining Turkey’s trade flow.Gravity model, Turkey, EU, Panel Data, Customs Union

Karamanoğlu Alaeddinbey Türbesi

[No Abstract Available

Proceedings of the Conference on Human and Economic Resources

The equilibrium concept is the most important subject for economic theory. The importance of this concept arises in determination of functional structures of the economic variables. Jenkinson (1986) has estimated the long term labour demand function and rationalisation mechanism by using co-integration technique. By focusing on different aspects of rationalisation mechanism in the long run and time series econometrics in formulating and testing this relationship, ACMS (Arrow, Chenery, Minhas, Solow), CES (Constant Elasticity of Substitution) Production Function and co-integration technique are to be employed in this research in particular. The purpose of this research is to investigate whether the long-run equilibrium implied by profit maximization is valid for the Turkish manufacturing industry for the period of 1950-2001 or not. During this period, Turkish economy has undergone important structural changes, for example the implementation of liberalization policies after 1980s. Thus, the possible effects of economic policy implementation over the profit maximization in the Turkish Manufacturing sector will also be studied by using new time series techniques such as Zivot and Andrews(1992) unit root test and Gregory-Hansen (1996) co-integration tests. Because most of the previous studies about this issue are concentrated in developed countries and there has been little research on Turkish manufacturing sector, this study’s contribution is important.manufacturing industry, Turkey, CES

Effect of tool geometry on friction stir spot welding of polypropylene sheets

The effects of tool geometry and properties on friction stir spot welding properties of polypropylene sheets were studied. Four different tool pin geometries, with varying pin angles, pin lengths, shoulder diameters and shoulder angles were used for friction stir spot welding. All the welding operations were done at the room temperature. Lap-shear tensile tests were carried out to find the weld static strength. Weld cross section appearance observations were also done. From the experiments the effect of tool geometry on friction stir spot weld formation and weld strength were determined. The optimum tool geometry for 4 mm thick polypropylene sheets were determined. The tapered cylindrical pin gave the biggest and the straight cylindrical pin gave the lowest lap-shear fracture load