The discrimination of Władysław Konopczyński in the People's Republic of Poland

This article discusses the relation of the eminent Polish historian Władysław Konopczyński (1880–1952) to the newly established communist rule. As president of the Commission of History of the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences, the editor-in-chief of the Polish Biographical Dictionary, and one of the few internationally known Polish historians who survived the war, the old Konopczyński enjoyed much prestige among his colleagues and in the Polish academia in general. For this and the other reasons indicated in the paper, the communist authorities choose him as the symbol of the "bourgeois" scholarship and decided to discredit him and get rid of his person. The paper presents the ways in which the government exercised pressure on the scholar and his colleagues, causing Konopczyński’s resignation from all his posts, and depriving him the opportunities to teach and publish. Finally, the moral and practical results of this campaign on the historian’s collaborators and colleagues are analysed

Football Super League and the values of European sport : critical analysis of the Opinion of the Advocate General in case C-333/21

The article presents author’s own opinion on case C-333/21 which concerns the controversial project of organizing a football Super League (ESL). The aim of this initiative is to develop a commercial organizational formula for football competition, which at the same time would be independent of the structures of FIFA and UEFA. For the above reasons, the resolution of the dispute before the Court of Justice of the European Union has a significant impact on the answer to the question about the future of the organizational structure of European football. In this case, the EU competition law and the determination of a catalog of values are of fundamental importance that could possibly justify compliance of the restrictions applied by FIFA and UEFA in relation to ESL organizers with Articles 101 and 102 TFUE

Utopia and imagination

The most important aim of the "Back to the Sense of the City" International Conference is to draw attention to the city and the sense of its being, the fact that a city seen as a heterogeneous entity is not only a work of its direct creators: architects, engineers, civil servants and municipal services, but all who "fill" it, primarily its inhabitants. A particular role is attributed to artists. It is the artists’ duty not only to shape it but also creatively criticize and contemplate. Artistic actions understood as the city’s activity and activity in relation to the city have certain qualities of utopian events, manifesting in the unattainability of a goal, idealistic activity base, transience of events and the type of references to it /to the city/. The paper focuses on such interpretative approach to these actions. The meaning of this notion is usually interpreted as a place that does not exist, "... from the Greek outopos (gr. ou - no, topos - a place, non-place, place that does not exist, non-existent) and the eutopia (good place) ". Our statement, built on an idea of an internal dialogue, a dialogue between the main text and the footnotes and quotations, focuses on the changing of the ways of thinking about the city as a work of active art, on the role of an artist, architect, town-planner in this process and their activities seen as special intellectual contribution to the development of this kind of space. It is also a kind of provocation relating to the description of similarities of the artistic and architectural activities in the context of the space of a city

The interplay between bone, muscle and adipose tissue — is there a role for potential new metabolic biomarker?

Recent studies in mice and humans have shown the tight connection between bone and muscle tissues.Physical activity affects the function of osteocytes, mature bone cells, stimulating the synthesis of severalhormone-like myokines in skeletal muscles. Anabolic action of physical exercise on bone is mediated bya myokine called irisin. This protein was initially assigned to regulate glucose homeostasis in humansbut recently the influence of irisin on bone and adipose tissue metabolism was also demonstrated. Inthe human blood, irisin occurs in different forms, free or complexed, glycosylated and non-glycosylatedwhich makes a reliable and reproducible measurement of this protein a crucial issue for the clinical interpretation of experimental findings. In humans, irisin was shown to inversely correlate with the prevalenceof bone fractures. Data obtained so far suggest that irisin could be a potential target for the treatment ofosteoporosis and play an important role in the bone healing process

War experiences of Adam Vetulani (1939–1945)

In September 1939, Professor Adam Vetulani participated in the military campaign against Germany with the rank of platoon sergeant. On September 17, he crossed the border into Romania and was subsequently interned. In April 1940, he made his way to France through Yugoslavia and northern Italy. He joined the 2nd Infantry Rifle Division commanded by General Bronisław Prugar-Ketling. After the defeat of France, the entire division, including Vetulani, crossed into neutral Switzerland, where he was interned. He spent five years in the Helvetian country from 1940 to 1945. With the help of the Swiss authorities, he organized high school and university education for the interned soldiers. As a result of his efforts, several hundred Poles received university degrees, and dozens received doctorates. On behalf of the Polish government-in-exile, he also served as a representative of the National Culture Fund, offering modest stipends to academics. His dedication to organizational and scientific activities earned him the recognition and respect of his superiors

Profesor Adam Vetulani na celowniku krakowskiej bezpieki

The article discusses the surveillance of Adam Vetulani, a professor of the Jagiellonian University, by the Cracow Security Service (SB) within the operational case ‘Venice’, directed against former activists of the Polish People’s Party (PSL) in contact with Professor Stanisław Kot, who was in exile. Apart from Vetulani, the group also included Professors Henryk Barycz, Jan Hulewicz, Ignacy Zarębski, and Jerzy Zathey. The surveillance, which lasted for 28 years, did not bring any visible results, apart from the tormenting of Vetulani and his closest family.Artykuł omawia inwigilację profesora Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego Adama Vetulaniego przez krakowską SB w ramach sprawy operacyjnego rozpracowania „Wenecja”, skierowanej przeciwko byłym działaczom PSL pozostającym w kontakcie z przebywającym na emigracji prof. Stanisławem Kotem. W grupie tej obok Vetulaniego znaleźli się też profesorowie Henryk Barycz, Jan Hulewicz, Ignacy Zarębski i Jerzy Zathey. Trwająca przez 28 lat inwigilacja nie przyniosła żadnych widocznych rezultatów, poza zadręczeniem Vetulaniego i jego najbliższej rodziny