physiological weight loss in newborn puppies of boxer breed

In the first days after birth is common to see weight loss in puppies that should not exceed 10% of body weight at birth. The main causes of weight loss are urine and meconium issued followed by non-recovery of fluids expelled. The aims of the study were to check and outline growth curves in boxer breed during the first two week of life. In our study between 3th and 5th day after birth puppies retrieved the weight and got back a gain that leads to double in two weeks. We observed a mean weight loss of 11.26 g (2.27%) between the first two days of life, subsequently they recovered the birth weight on day four. In our study puppies that regained the birth weight earlier were the puppies with higher weight at birth and were the heaviest at day 13

A Rare Clinical Case Of Double Scrotum With Ectopic Testicle In a Dog

A two-years old male mixed breed dog weighing 11 kg was brought to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital by its owner because he noticed a pigmented skin zone with a mass lateral to the penis. The patient was in good clinical condition. On clinical examination, only one testicle was found within the scrotum, and a mass lateral to the right site of the penis was present; upon palpation, the mass was presumed to be a testicle. An ultrasound examination confirmed the presence of an ectopic testicle in that position. The dog had normal fertility and testosterone levels were normal. The patient underwent bilateral orchiectomy and was discharged the following day. The peculiarity of this case is the presence of two independent scrota, an ectopic testicle and its adnexa passing through the abdominal wall, was not supposed to be due a migration along the typical male gonad path during descent

Evaluation of effectiveness of an innovative semen extender (Formula®) comparing with a traditional extender (Lepus®) for artificial insemination in rabbits does

This study aimed to investigate the preservability and viability of the rabbit spermatozoa diluted in a new semen extender Formula® in comparison with Lepus® at 17 °C of storage. The main characteristic of the new extender formulation is the use of an enzymatic agent associated to a polysaccharide as energy source precursor, added with gentamycin. During eight trials, ejaculates from 70 bucks were collected and diluted at 1:10 ratio with both the extenders, after 24 h of storage the semen doses were used for the artificial insemination (AI). Aliquots of the semen doses for each trial were stored at 17 °C, the total and progressive motility were checked at 0, 4, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96, 108 h of storage. A total of 1267 and 1525 does were inseminated, respectively with Formula® and Lepus®. During storage the mean total and progressive motility (77.23% and 72.854%, respectively) were significantly higher for Formula® (p < .01) and the progressive motility at almost 70% was maintained for at least 60 h vs the 24 h of storage for Lepus® with significant differences after 12 h of storage (p < .05). The new extender reported a higher pregnancy rate (p < .05) and an average of 9.25 rabbits born per litter vs 8.83 for the traditional extender (p < .05), while the mean of the newborn alive was 9.08 using Formula® vs 8.51 with Lepus® (p < .05). In conclusion, the use of Formula® is recommended for rabbit semen AI programmes

Clinical, genetic, and pathological features of male pseudohermaphroditism in dog

Male pseudohermaphroditism is a sex differentiation disorder in which the gonads are testes and the genital ducts are incompletely masculinized. An 8 years old dog with normal male karyotype was referred for examination of external genitalia abnormalities. Adjacent to the vulva subcutaneous undescended testes were observed. The histology of the gonads revealed a Leydig and Sertoli cell neoplasia. The contemporaneous presence of testicular tissue, vulva, male karyotype were compatible with a male pseudohermaphrodite (MPH) condition

Pattern of care and effectiveness of treatment for glioblastoma patients in the real world: Results from a prospective population-based registry. Could survival differ in a high-volume center?

BACKGROUND: As yet, no population-based prospective studies have been conducted to investigate the incidence and clinical outcome of glioblastoma (GBM) or the diffusion and impact of the current standard therapeutic approach in newly diagnosed patients younger than aged 70 years. METHODS: Data on all new cases of primary brain tumors observed from January 1, 2009, to December 31, 2010, in adults residing within the Emilia-Romagna region were recorded in a prospective registry in the Project of Emilia Romagna on Neuro-Oncology (PERNO). Based on the data from this registry, a prospective evaluation was made of the treatment efficacy and outcome in GBM patients. RESULTS: Two hundred sixty-seven GBM patients (median age, 64 y; range, 29-84 y) were enrolled. The median overall survival (OS) was 10.7 months (95% CI, 9.2-12.4). The 139 patients 64aged 70 years who were given standard temozolomide treatment concomitant with and adjuvant to radiotherapy had a median OS of 16.4 months (95% CI, 14.0-18.5). With multivariate analysis, OS correlated significantly with KPS (HR = 0.458; 95% CI, 0.248-0.847; P = .0127), MGMT methylation status (HR = 0.612; 95% CI, 0.388-0.966; P = .0350), and treatment received in a high versus low-volume center (HR = 0.56; 95% CI, 0.328-0.986; P = .0446). CONCLUSIONS: The median OS following standard temozolomide treatment concurrent with and adjuvant to radiotherapy given to (72.8% of) patients aged 6470 years is consistent with findings reported from randomized phase III trials. The volume and expertise of the treatment center should be further investigated as a prognostic factor

Urachal calculi in a dalmatian bitch

Various urachal abnormalities has been documented in several animal species (Laverty P.H., Salisbury S.K.: Surgical management of true patent urachus in a cat. (Journal of Small Animal Practice, 2002, 43, 227–229). One of the developmental abnormalities of the puppy bladder is a persistent urachus. In the fetus, the urachus is a tube-like structure, which, by exiting through the umbilical (navel) area, connects the puppy’s bladder to the placental tissues. The most frequent type of urachal disordes are: bladder urachal diverticulum, urachal sinus, urachal ligament, urachal cysts, patent urachus and urachal calculi. A dalmatian bitch 6 years old weighing 10 kg was presented for ovaryohysterectomy. Physical examination of the bitch did not reveal any abnormalities in the navel area. Blood samples were collected from cephalic vein for standard pre-surgery haematology analysis. Surgery was performed to remove the uterus and ovaries by standard method. After premedication with atropine sulphate (Atropina solfato, Ati, Ozzano Emila, Bologna Italy) 0.05 mg/kg, the anaesthesia was induced using a mixture of ketamine (Imalgene100, Merial, Italia) 5 m/Kg and medetomidine (Domitor, Pfizer, Roma, Iyaly) 40 mcg/kg i.m. The anaesthesia was maintained with isoflurane (2%) and oxygen was supplied by a cuffed endotracheal tube. Cephalexin (Mylan, Milano Italy) 15 mg/kg was administered at the time of induction. The bitch was in dorsal recumbency and the abdominal region was prepared for standard surgical procedure. One incision caudally to the umbilicus was performed to remove genital appatatus using a standard technique. The postoperative treatment applied was amoxicillin and clavulanic acid (Synulox Pfizer, Roma, Italy) 10 mg/kg and 2.5 mg/kg respectively every 12 h for 7 days. At the opening of abdominal cavity the apex of the bladder appeared adjoined to the umbilicus by means of a short tubular structure. Inside this structure there was a calculus of 4 mm in diameter. The application of light pressure to the bladder not resulted in urine appearing in the umbilical zone and no umbilical stoma was showed. The bladder was normally developed; the lateral ligament and umbilical arteries were in normal condition. After identification of the ureters, the urachus was isolated with a circumferential ligatur