Hubungan Indeks Massa Tubuh Dan Lingkar Perut Terhadap Tekanan Intraokular Pada Civitas Akademika Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Tanjungpura

Latar Belakang: Glaukoma menggambarkan gangguan mata yang salahsatunya ditandai dengan peningkatan tekanan intraokular (TIO).Glaukoma dapat menyebabkan kebutaan jika tidak terdeteksi dan tidakdiobati. Obesitas merupakan salah satu faktor risiko peningkatan TIO,sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian mengenai antopometri terhadap TIO. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan indeks massa tubuh (IMT) dan lingkar Perut dengan TIO pada civitas akademikaFakultas Kedokteran Universitas Tanjungpura. Metodologi: Penelitian inimerupakan penelitian analitik dengan pendekatan potong lintang. Datadiambil dari 218 responden melalui pengukuran langsung terhadap tinggibadan, berat badan, lingkar Perut, TIO, dan gambaran funduskopi. Sampeldiambil dengan metode simple random sampling. Data yang diperolehkemudian dianalisis menggunakan analisis korelatif melalui uji Spearmanuntuk korelasi IMT dan TIO dan uji Pearson untuk korelasi lingkar Perutdan TIO menggunakan SPSS 20.0. Hasil: Terdapat hubungan yangbermakna antara IMT dengan TIO mata kanan (r= 0,178; p= 0,008) danTIO mata kiri (r= 0,168; p= 0,013). Terdapat hubungan yang bermaknaantara lingkar Perut laki-laki dengan TIO mata kanan (r= 0,301; p= 0,009)dan TIO mata kiri (r= 0,222; p= 0,045). Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubunganyang bermakna antara IMT dan lingkar Perut laki-laki terhadap TIO padacivitas akademika Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Tanjungpura

Abdominal pain-related functional gastrointestinal disorders based on Rome III criteria in a pediatric gastroenterology clinic

Background: Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) entail several distinct conditions that collectively account for a sizeable proportion of patients complaining of abdominal pain. Physicians' awareness is fundamental to avoid unnecessary evaluations and to alleviate stress-related problems. This study aimed to assess the relative frequencies of FGIDs and related categories in a selected Iranian population. Methods: We conducted this cross-sectional study in a gastroenterology clinic of a tertiary care pediatric hospital in Iran. Children and adolescents between the age of 4 and 18 years referred to the clinic from October 2011 to February 2013 were enrolled if they were diagnosed with FGID according to the Rome III criteria. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on demographic characteristics, pain location, duration and frequency, associated symptoms, and pertinent family history. We used descriptive analyses to show mean (±SD) and relative frequencies of categories of FGIDs. Results: We diagnosed 183 (114 female) with FGIDs out of 1307 children and adolescents who were visited in the clinic. There was history of psychiatric disorders in 42 (22.9) participants, and migraine headaches and gastrointestinal disorders were at least in one of the parents in 21 (11.5) and 64 (34.9) participants, respectively. We defined 84 (46) patients under Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) category, 38 (21) under Abdominal Migraine, 26 (14) under Functional Abdominal Pain, 21 (11) under Functional Dyspepsia, and 7 (4) under Functional Abdominal Pain Syndrome. Seven children (4) had no defining feature for FGID categories and therefore labeled as unclassified. Conclusion: FGID was a prevalent diagnosis among children and adolescents with abdominal pain. IBS was the largest category. Only a minority were unclassifiable under the Rome III criteria, indicating improved differentiation characteristics of Rome III criteria compared to the Rome II version

Silent osteonecrosis of the femoral head following high-dose corticosteroids in patients with systemic rheumatic diseases

Background: Osteonecrosis (ON) is known to be one of the most disabling complications following corticosteroid (CS) medications. However, evidence regarding risk of asymptomatic prevalence of ON among different diseases and the impact of variable steroid regimens are conflicting. We aimed to determine the prevalence of ON of femoral head in asymptomatic patients with systemic rheumatic diseases who received high-dose CS and also clarify its relationship with different dosages and regimens. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 50 consecutive patients receiving high-dose CS for rheumatic diseases who have no pelvic pain were recruited. MRI of both hips was performed on all patients using a 1.5 Tesla to diagnose ON. Results: Of 50 subjects, 18 (36) developed ON of the femoral head. Groups with and without ON were comparable in terms of sex, age and mean starting CS dose. There was no statistical difference in the type of CS regimen including daily dose, peak dose and cumulative dose between the two groups. However, silent ON was associated with both the cumulative CS dose and the duration of CS therapy. Conclusion: According to high prevalence of ON in our selected patients with no other identifiable risk factor for ON, monitoring of high risk patients with periodic hip MRI would help diagnose necrosis in early stage

Customers Literacy on Islamic House Financing Products

Sharia financial literacy is a person’s understanding of the products of Islamic financial institutions in order to improve the ability and willingness of someone to take advantage of products in the Islamic financial institutions as one solution for the needs of economy. This study aims to obtain a picture of how the level of literacy of Islamic house financing products in Islamic house financing customers with various kinds of contracts (aqd) used in sharia house financing. This research uses quantitative descriptive method. The population in this study are sharia financing customers which amounted to 150 people and a sample of 80 people with purposive sampling technique. Instrument in this study using questionnaires. The results of this study indicate the level of customer literacy on shariah house financing products and kinds of contracts (aqd) used in sharia house financing in different Islamic banks are in good category, although there are some indicators are in good enough category.     Keywords: Islamic Financial Literacy, Murabaha, Musharakah Mutanaqisah, Istisna, Sharia house financin

The Iceberg nature of fibromyalgia burden: The clinical and economic aspects

This review has focused on important but less visible aspects of fibromyalgia (FM) with respect to the high impact of this disorder on patients and societies. FM is a common but challengeable illness. It is characterized by chronic widespread pain, which can be accompanied by other symptoms including fatigue, sleep disturbances, cognitive dysfunction, anxiety and depressive episodes. While our understanding of this debilitating disorder is limited, diagnosis and treatment of this condition is very difficult, even in the hands of experts. Due to the nature of disease, where patients experience invalidation by medical services, their families and societies regarding the recognition and management of disease, direct, indirect and immeasurable costs are considerable. These clinical and economic costs are comparable with other common diseases, such as diabetes, hypertension and osteoarthritis, but the latter usually receives much more attention from healthcare and non-healthcare resources. Present alarming data shows the grave and "iceberg-like" burden of FM despite the benign appearance of this disorder and highlights the urgent need both for greater awareness of the disease among medical services and societies, as well as for more research focused on easily used diagnostic methods and target specific treatment. © The Korean Pain Society, 2015

Serum levels of vitamins A and D, and zinc in children with acute diarrhea: A cross-sectional study

Background: Diarrhea is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity during the early life period especially in developing countries. Micronutrients deficiencies have been proposed either as a risk factor or a consequence of diarrhea. Association studies highlight the relation of vitamins and minerals' deficiencies with acute diarrhea. In this regard we aimed to evaluate the status of vitamins A and D, and zinc serum levels in children with acute diarrhea. Methods: In this cross sectional study performed in a referral teaching hospital, we measured and compared baseline vitamin A, 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D), and zinc serum levels in 25 children admitted with acute diarrhea and 25 other children who were admitted for undergoing elective surgeries. Results: 25-(OH)D levels were significantly lower in the diarrhea group (p=0.03). We were unable to demonstrate a significant difference in the levels of vitamin A and zinc between the case and control groups (p= 0.14 and p=0.07, respectively). Conclusion: We observed lower serum 25(OH)D levels in children with acute diarrhea. Whether this finding indicates a premorbid risk factor or simply a consequence of diarrhea needs further studies. Regardless of the cause and effect relationship, supplementation with vitamin D in acute diarrhea remains as a plausible consideration

Principles of primary survey and resuscitation in cases of pediatric trauma

Trauma is a common cause of death and disability in children. Proper approach to pediatric trauma involves adherence to ABCDE sequence in the primary survey and resuscitation in order to promptly recognize and manage life-threatening conditions immediately. This readily reviewed sequence includes A: establishment and maintenance of a patent airway while maintaining cervical spine immobilization; B: evaluation of breathing, ventilation and oxygenation, immediate treatment of tension pneumothorax, open pneumothorax and massive hemothorax; C: evaluation and treatment of circulatory compromise and shock; D: Disability and Neurologic Status, assessment of signs of increased intracranial pressure and impending cerebral herniation; and E: Exposure while preventing hypothermia. Implementing these assessment and management priorities can result in more favorable outcomes. © 2015 Tehran University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserve

The acute effect of maximal exercise on plasma beta-endorphin levels in fibromyalgia patients

Background: This study aimed to investigate the effect of strenuous exercise on β-endorphine (β-END) level in fibromyalgia (FM) patients compared to healthy subjects. Methods: We enrolled 30 FM patients and 15 healthy individuals. All study participants underwent a treadmill exercise test using modified Bruce protocol (M.Bruce). The goal of the test was achieving at least 70 of the predicted maximal heart rate (HRMax). The serum levels of β-END were measured before and after the exercise program. Measurements were done while heart rate was at least 70 of its predicted maximum. Results: The mean � the standard deviation (SD) of exercise duration in the FM and control groups were 24.26 � 5.29 and 29.06 � 3.26 minutes, respectively, indicating a shorter time to achieve the goal heart rate in FM patients (P < 0.003). Most FM patients attained 70 HRMax at lower stages (stage 2 and 3) of M.Bruce compared to the control group (70 versus 6.6, respectively; P < 0.0001). Compared to healthy subjects, FM patients had lower serum β-END levels both in baseline and post-exercise status (Mean � SD: 122.07 � 28.56 μg/ml and 246.55 � 29.57 μg/ml in the control group versus 90.12 � 20.91 μg/ml and 179.80 � 28.57 μg/ml in FM patients, respectively; P < 0.001). Conclusions: We found that FM patients had lower levels of β-END in both basal and post-exercise status. Exercise increased serum the β-END level in both groups but the average increase in β-END in FM patients was significantly lower than in the control group. � The Korean Pain Society, 2016

Familial Mediterranean fever: Unusual age of presentation and the role of genetic diagnosis

Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is a genetic disease characterized by periodic fever and/or painful inflammatory manifestations. Repeated attacks at irregular intervals and in an unpredictable sequence are typical of the disease. Most of the patients become symptomatic between ages 5 to 15 years. Rarely, the disease may manifest as early as during the first year. Until recently, the diagnosis of FMF was mainly based on the presence of typical clinical picture and dramatic response to colchicine. Recent insight to the genetic basis of the disease has made DNA study available for diagnosis of FMF. We report a 20-month-old Iranian boy with recurrent attacks of abdominal pain and fever since the 4th month of birth. A molecular analysis was carried out, confirming mutation of the FMF-gene