Translation and Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the Manchester Orofacial Pain Disability Scale

Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to translate and perform a cross-cultural adaptation of Manchester Orofacial Pain Disability Scale to the Portuguese language. Material and Methods: A synthesis of two independent translations done by bilingual translators whose mother tongue was the Portuguese language began the process of translation. From the synthesis of the translated version and totally blind to the original version, two different non-native English language teachers without dental knowledge translated the questionnaire back to English. The pre-final version was done by an Expert committee: the researchers, two other non-native English language teachers and one native English language speaker. The new questionnaire was then piloted among 8 patients from the target setting that were interviewed to probe it on their perceived meaning of each question. The Manchester Orofacial Pain Disability Scale (MOPDS) thus translated was called Brasil-MOPDS and was validated in 50 patients with Orofacial pain from TMJ and Occlusion clinic ambulatory of São Paulo University School of Dentistry. The Brasil-MOPDS was administered twice by an interviewer (15 - 20 day interval) and once by a second independent interviewer. The Brazilian version of the short form oral health impact profile (OHIP-14) questionnaire and the visual analogue pain scale (VAS) were applied on the same day. Results: Internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.9), inter-observer (ICC = 0.92) and intra-observer (ICC = 0.98) correlations presented high scores. Validity of Brasil-MOPDS compared to OHIP-14 (r = 0.85) and VAS (r = 0.75) shown high correlations. Conclusions: Brasil-MOPDS was successfully translated and adapted to be applied to Brazilian patients, with satisfactory internal and external reliability

Diagnóstico da cárie dentária: comparação dos resultados de três levantamentos epidemiológicos numa mesma população Diagnosis of dental caries: comparing results of three epidemiological surveys from the same population

INTRODUÇÃO: Os índices mais utilizados para medir a freqüência da cárie dentária em populações são o CPO-D, para dentes permanentes, e o ceo-d, para dentes temporários. A Organização Mundial da Saúde vem estabelecendo, desde os anos 60, padrões para os levantamentos de cárie dentária, a fim de melhorar a validade e a confiabilidade dos dados. Tem havido questionamentos, porém, quanto à validade e à confiabilidade de dados obtidos com essas diferentes padronizações da metodologia, quando são introduzidas mudanças nos critérios utilizados para definir o que é cárie dentária. OBJETIVO: Comparar os dados obtidos de uma mesma população de referência, empregando diferentes padronizações dos índices CPO-D e ceo-d, com a finalidade de verificar se essas diferenças nos critérios alteram significativamente as estimativas. METODOLOGIA: Foram utilizados dados secundários, obtidos em levantamentos epidemiológicos realizados no município de São Paulo, em 1996 e 1998. Analisaram-se as médias e a distribuição dos valores dos índices CPO-D e ceo-d, em escolares de 6 a 12 anos de idade, comparando-se estatisticamente médias e proporções. Admite-se que outros aspectos metodológicos, como os planos amostrais e os treinamentos de calibração, também poderiam alterar os resultados. RESULTADOS: Não se observou diferença estatisticamente significativa entre as médias. Houve diferenças significativas nas porcentagens de indivíduos livres de cárie na dentição permanente; o mesmo não aconteceu com os dentes decíduos. CONCLUSÃO: Os diferentes critérios empregados para definir cárie dentária não levaram à obtenção de médias e porcentagens estatisticamente diferentes nos três levantamentos.<br>INTRODUCTION: The DMF-T index is the most widely used instrument to estimate prevalence of dental caries on permanent teeth in epidemiological surveys. Since the 60's, the World Health Organization has been recommending standards for oral health surveys to improve validity and reliability of epidemiological data. During this period, different criteria for diagnosis and coding the observations have been used. OBJECTIVE: To compare data from the same population using different standardizations for DMF-T and dmf-t indexes in order to verify if changing dental caries criteria redounds to different population estimates. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Data from three epidemiological surveys carried out in the City of São Paulo in 1996 and 1998 were analyzed. These surveys had different methodological aspects as sample design and calibration of examiners. DMF-T averages and value distribution related to schoolchildren from 6 to 12 years of age were analyzed comparing averages and proportions. RESULTS: No significant difference was observed between averages. There were no significant differences in percentages of caries- free individuals in relation to deciduous dentition, unlike permanent teeth. CONCLUSION: Different criteria used to define dental caries did not lead to different averages and percentages in these three surveys

Relationship between oral clinical conditions and daily performances

The aim of this study was to assess the impact of oral status on the daily performances of civil servants from the Public Works and Waste Management Department of the city of Porto Alegre, located in Southern Brazil. A cross-sectional study was conducted on a representative sample composed of 276 civil servants with ages ranging from 35 to 44 years. The Oral Impacts on Daily Performances index developed was employed to measure impacts caused by oral clinical conditions. Oral examinations were performed after the interviews. Multinomial Logistic Regression Analysis was used. After adjusting for sex and educational level, the results showed that the subjects with high DMFT scores were 5.8 times (95% CI = 2.1-16.1) more likely to have high impacts on their everyday life than those with low DMFT scores. Subjects that presented some coronal caries were 4.3 times (95% CI = 1.9-9.8) more likely to have high impacts on their everyday life than those with no coronal caries. Dental status assessed through the DMFT index and coronal caries are important indicators of impacts on the everyday life of the studied population

Impact of Periodontal Disease Experience on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life

Background: Periodontal research has traditionally focused on the site level, regarding etiology, pathogenesis, and treatment outcome. Recently, some studies have indicated that the presence of periodontal disease is associated with reduced quality of life. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of periodontal disease experience on the quality of life. Methods: This cross-sectional study includes 443 individuals. Clinical and radiographic examinations were performed; in conjunction, the oral health-related quality of life of all participants was assessed using the Swedish short-form version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). Based on marginal bone loss, measured on radiographs, three different groups were identified: participants with loss of supporting bone tissue of less than one third of the root length (BL-), loss of supporting bone tissue of one third or more of the root length in < 30% of teeth (BL), or loss of supporting bone tissue of one third or more of the root length in 30% of teeth (BL+). Results: The effect of periodontal disease experience on quality of life was considerable. For the BL-group, the mean OHIP-14 score was 3.91 (SD: 5.39). The corresponding mean values were 3.81 (SD: 5.29) for the BL group and 8.47 (SD: 10.38) for the BL+ group. The difference among all groups was statistically significant (P < 0.001). A comparison among the mean OHIP-14 scores in the different groups (BL-, BL, and BL+) revealed significant differences in six of seven conceptual domains. Conclusions: The BL+ individuals experienced reduced quality of life, expressed as the OHIP-14 score, compared with the BL and BL-participants