Síndrome de Chiari e Hidrossiringomielia com comprometimento neurológico: um relato de caso

A Malformação de Chiari (MC) pertence a um amplo grupo de raras deformidades estruturais da junção craniocerebelomedular. O tipo I da doença caracteriza-se pela herniação tonsilar ou amigdaliana cerebelar devido à anomalia da base do crânio e da parte superior da coluna cervical, além de a porção medial do lobo inferior do cerebelo pelo canal cervical também se protuberar através do forame magno, impedindo que o líquor flua normalmente através do canal. A real prevalência da doença é desconhecida, pois muitos pacientes com herniação cerebelar são assintomáticos e o problema agrava-se na fase adulta, com queixas de cefaleia intensa e, por vezes, parestesia. O objetivo deste estudo é relatar um caso de síndrome de Chiari (SC) em uma paciente de 53 anos, ao abordar sua apresentação clínica, diagnóstico e tratamento. Paciente do sexo feminino, 53 anos, foi admitida em um hospital da rede pública de referência se queixando de cefaleia occipital intensa e cervicalgia com irradiação da dor para os membros superiores, acompanhada de parestesia nos quatro segmentos. Relatou já sentir dor há 2 anos, mas apresentou piora do quadro clínico há 8 meses. Foi, também, observada incontinência urinária devido à dissinergia detrusora-esfincteriana por provável bexiga neurogênica. Foi, então, realizado exame de imagem de ressonância magnética (RNM) do crânio e da coluna cervical, com obtenção de sequências ponderadas em T1, T2 e STIR, nos planos sagital e transverso com contraste, o qual evidenciou leve alargamento medular, além de sinais de hidrossiringomielia difusa, com hipossinal na sequência T2 intramedular na altura de D1-D2 (coluna dorsal). Foi notada discreta herniação das tonsilas cerebelares junta ao forame magno, típica da SC, sendo, por fim, confirmado o diagnóstico. A paciente, no entanto, não apresentava hidrocefalia, mesmo com a interrupção do fluxo do líquido cefalorraquidiano (LCR) para o canal vertebral. Ela encaixou- se nos parâmetros de indicação cirúrgica, sendo realizada craniotomia occipital, com acesso ao plexo coroide do quarto ventrículo do tronco encefálico com o intuito de elevar as tonsilas cerebelares baixas, herniadas no canal espinhal cervical e bloqueando o fluxo do LCR. Após a descompressão craniocervical, o curso do líquor foi restaurado e a paciente foi, por fim, encaminhada à sala de recuperação pós-operatória. A SC é uma rara doença que apresenta quadro clínico e alterações radiológicas complexas e extensas e, por vezes, o diagnóstico é retardado devido à inespecificidade dos sintomas confundidos com cervicalgias e cefaleias comuns. A hipótese diagnóstica deve ser embasada nas queixas do paciente, na anamnese minuciosa, exame clínico e nos exames de imagens, sendo a prevalência desta patologia de difícil definição e com faixas etárias distintas

Relative bioavailability of phosphorus in wheat midds, and in soybeans roasted or extruded with and without microbial phytase in the diet

Foram utilizados 504 pintos de corte, machos, da linhagem Cobb, de 1 dia de idade, distribuídos aleatoriamente em 18 tratamentos com 4 repetições pelo período de 21 dias, para determinar a biodisponibilidade relativa do fósforo (BRP) em farelo de trigo, soja integral tostada ou extrusada com e sem a adição de fitase. Foram adicionados dois níveis de fitase (0 ou 750 FTU/kg dieta) e dois níveis de fósforo suplementar (0,05 ou 0,10%) à dieta basal semi-purificada com baixo nível de fósforo total (0,40%) sendo a fonte padrão de fósforo o fosfato bicálcico. Ao término do experimento, foram removidas as tíbias esquerdas e os dedos médios direitos para posterior análise de cinzas ósseas. A BRP para cada fonte orgânica foi calculada pelo método do slope ratio" através da regressão dos valores de peso de cinzas na tíbia em função dos níveis de fósforo suplementar ingerido (mg/dia). Os valores de BRP para farelo de trigo, soja integral tostada e extrusada sem a adição de fitase foram de 74,4; 56,9 e 56,5%, respectivamente. Com a adição de fitase estes valores foram para 79,4; 93,5 e 100%, respectivamente.Five hundred and four male Cobb chicks were used in a 21 day study to determine the relative bioavailability of phosphorus (RBP) in wheat midds, or soybean roasted or extruded with and without added microbial phytase (0 or 750 FYT/kg of diet).The reference standart was a purified grade calcium phosphate dibasics (DPS). The experimental ingredients, as well as the DPS, were added to the semi-purified starch-soybean meal control diet (22% protein; 0,32% P + 0,08% P from DPS) provinding 0,05 and 0,10% additional P, for a total of 9 experimental diets containing 0 FYT/kg, plus a second group of 9 diets containg 750 FYT/kg of diet. Slope ratio technique was used to calculate RBP, based on tibia bone ash weigt (TIAW) or toe bone ash weight (TOAW), regressed on added P intake within each P source. Coefficient of determination were higher to TIAW, so these values were used to express RBP. With no phytase added to the diet RBP values were 74,4 (wheat midds), 56,9 (soybean roasted) and 56,5% (soybean extruded), and the addition of 750 FYT/kg of diet increased these values to 79,4; 93,5 and 100%, respectively

Bioavailability and poultry fecal excretion of phosphorus from soybean-based diets supplemented with phytase

Five hundred and four 1-day-old Cobb broiler chickens were randomly allotted to 18 treatments and fed a semi-purified basal diet (4 g/kg total phosphorus) supplemented with 2 levels of supplemental P (0.5 or 1 g/kg) during 21 days to evaluate performance and bone mineralization; to assess the relative bioavailability of P (RBP) in wheat meal (WM) and roasted (RS) or extruded soybean meal (ES), with or without phytase (0 or 750 ftu/kg diet), using dicalcium phosphate (DC) as standard; and to estimate phosphorus excretion. Weight gain (WG), feed intake (FI), feed to gain ratio (FG), and tibia ash weigh (AW) were assessed. For each source, the RBP was calculated by the slope ratio method, when tibia ash weight was regressed on P ingested. Ingested and fecal P was determined to calculate P intake, and P excretion and excretion rate. Phytase addition increased overall FI, WG, and FG ratio by 3.3, 2.6 and 0.8%, respectively, but differences were not significant. Overall AW was increased by 10.8% after the enzyme inclusion in the diets. The relative bioavailability of phosphorus values of tested WM, RS, and ES were increased by 6.32, 64.32, 76.99%, respectively, in response to supplementation of phytase in diets containing WM, RS, and ES, respectively. Phytase reduced P excretion by 12.7% and the excretion rate by 15.0%, regardless of the phosphorus source or level

Biodisponibilidade relativa de fósforo em ingredientes com baixo teor de fitato determinada com base na mineralização óssea de frangos de corte Relative bioavailability of phosphorus in low phytate ingredients based on bone mineralization in poultry

Quatrocentos e vinte pintos de corte Cobb 500, machos de 1 dia de idade, foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em 15 tratamentos com 4 repetições, em teste utilizando baterias (7 aves/gaiola), com duração de 21 dias, para determinar a biodisponibilidade relativa de fósforo (BRP) em três ingredientes, com duas características genéticas (baixo fósforo fítico ou convencional). Utilizou-se uma dieta basal semipurificada, à base de milho e farelo de soja, adicionada de cevada convencional, cevada com baixo fósforo fítico, milho convencional, milho com baixo fósforo fítico, farelo de soja convencional, farelo de soja com baixo fósforo fítico e de fosfato bicálcico em substituição ao amido de milho, de modo a fornecer 0,05 ou 0,10% de fósforo suplementar, totalizando 15 dietas [(3 &#215; 2 &#215; 2) + 3]. Semanalmente foram avaliados o peso vivo, o ganho de peso, o consumo de ração e a conversão alimentar por parcela experimental. Ao final do experimento, aos 21 dias de idade, foram abatidas 3 aves por unidade experimental para remoção das tíbias esquerdas para análise do conteúdo de cinzas ósseas. A biodisponibilidade de fósforo do milho, da cevada e do farelo de soja convencionais foram de 18,5; 50,9 e 34,4% respectivamente, enquanto, para a do milho, da cevada e do farelo de soja com baixo fósforo fítico foram de 93,5; 132,9 e 90,9% respectivamente. O consumo de ração, o ganho de peso e a mineralização óssea das aves alimentadas com as dietas com baixo fósforo fítico foram superiores aos daquelas alimentadas com as dietas convencionais.<br>Four hundred and twenty one day-old broilers, Cobb 500, were randomly allotted to 15 treatments with four replications (7 chicks/pen) in a 21-day battery trial to assess the relative availability of phosphorus (RBP) from three feeds with two different genetic characteristics (low phytic phosphorus or conventional). One semi-purified basal diet based on corn starch and soybean meal with the addition of conventional barley, barley with low phytate phosphorus, conventional corn, corn with low phytate phosphorus, conventional soybean meal, soybean meal with low phytate phosphorus and dicalcium phosphate in substitution for the corn starch to supply 0.05 or 0.10% supplementary phosphorus, totaling 15 diets [(3 &#215; 2 &#215; 2) + 3]. Live weight, weight gain, feed intake, and feed to gain ratio were determined weekly for each experimental unit. At the end of the experimental period (21 days), three broilers per pen were slaughtered to remove the left tibias to determine the bone ash content. The phosphorus bioavailability of the conventional corn, barley and soybean were 18.5, 50.9, and 34.4%, respectively whereas for low phytate phosphorus corn, barley and soybean meal values were observed of 93.5, 132.9, and 90.9%, respectively. Feed intake, weight gain and bone mineralization of broilers fed low phytate phosphorus diets were higher than the observed for conventional ingredient diets

Seminário de Dissertação (2024)

Página da disciplina de Seminário de Dissertação (MPPP, UFPE, 2022) Lista de participantes == https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1mrULe1y04yPxHUBaF50jhaM1OY8QYJ3zva4N4yvm198/edit#gid=

ATLANTIC ANTS: a data set of ants in Atlantic Forests of South America

International audienc

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data