Flower-like supramolecular self-assembly of phosphonic acid appended naphthalene diimide and melamine

Diverse supramolecular assemblies ranging from nanometres to micrometers of small aromatic π-conjugated functional molecules have attracted enormous research interest in light of their applications in optoelectronics, chemosensors, nanotechnology, biotechnology and biomedicines. Here we study the mechanism of the formation of a flower-shaped supramolecular structure of phosphonic acid appended naphthalene diimide with melamine. The flower-shaped assembly formation was visualised by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging, furthermore, XRD and DLS used to determined mode of aggregation. Characteristically, phosphonic acid-substituted at imide position of NDIs possess two important properties resulting in the formation of controlled flower-like nanostructures: (i) the aromatic core of the NDI which is designed to optimize the dispersive interactions (π-π stacking and van der Waals interactions) between the cores within a construct and (ii) phosphonic acid of NDI interact with malamine through molecular recognition i.e. strong hydrogen-bonding (H-bonding). We believe such arrangements prevent crystallization and favour the directional growth of flower-like nanostructure in 3D fashion. These works demonstrate that complex self-assembly can indeed be attained through hierarchical non-covalent interactions of two components. Furthermore, flower-like structures built from molecular recognition by these molecules indicate their potential in other fields if combined with other chemical entities

FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF ORALLY DISINTEGRATING TABLET OF CHLORPHENERAMINE MALEATE BY SUBLIMATION TECHNIQUE

Objective: Chlorpheneramine maleate is a first-generation antihistamine drug used in the treatment of allergic conditions like rhinitis, urticaria, and cough cold, etc. In present work, the challenge has been made to develop an orally disintegrating tablet of chlorpheneramine maleate with an increase in bioavailability and patient compliance. Methods: The sublimation technique was used to prepare orally disintegrating tablets. Porous tablet prepared after sublimation of camphor at 60 °C in a hot air oven for 60 min. In the research work, 32full factorial design used to find out the effect of two variables like the amount of Crospovidone and Croscarmellose sodium. Results: All prepared formulations were analyzed for various parameters. DSC of pure drug and optimized formulation A (9) showed purity of sample and compatibility of all ingredients with each other. In FTIR study of pure drug and optimized formulation A (9) no major shifts were seen. An optimized formulation (A9) was found to have good hardness (3.2 kg/cm2), friability (<1%), disintegration time (26 s), % drug release (99.77 %) within 6 min. Conclusion: The result obtained showed that orally disintegrating tablet of chlorpheneramine maleate enhances dissolution rate, improves bioavailability which will improve patient compliance

Quantitative Analysis on Awareness About NEP 2020 Policy In First Year Student

The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 is a comprehensive agenda that goals to transform the Indian education system to meet the challenges of the 21st century. It introduces several innovative approaches to enhance the quality and inclusivity of education. This research article explores the awareness of first year students in India regarding the NEP 2020. This research article investigates the awareness of students in India belonging undergraduate regarding the National Education Policy 2020 (NEP). The study aims to understand the level of awareness, perception, and engagement of students, who are the stakeholders in these respective groups with the NEP 2020. Primary data was collected by using a structured research instrument through Google forms & analysis was done through basic percentage analysis, bivariate U test keeping in mind the results of data normality along with Association and Reversion analysis. The findings provide insights into the awareness gaps and varying levels of engagement across the different educational levels, offering valuable implications for policymakers and educators to effectively implement the NEP 2020 reforms at each stage of education. This article presents the exact structure of NEP2020 for degree student, awareness about the NEP2020 in first year students and difficulties faced by students while accepting NEP2020.   &nbsp

Coagulation Markers as Predictive and Prognostic Factors in Carcinoma Breast Patients with Lymph Node Metastasis

  Objective: The purpose of this prospective observational study was to evaluate the predictive and prognostic value of coagulation markers in patients with lymph node metastases and cancer of the breast, as well as their associations with important histopathologic criteria. Methods: Between December 2020 and July 2022, 100 patients from the surgery department of a tertiary hospital were enrolled in the study. D-dimer, fibrinogen, and prothrombin time were assessed as coagulation indicators. Documented histopathologic characteristics included tumor grade, size, lymph node involvement, and estrogen receptor status. Chi-square tests, t-tests, Kaplan-Meier survival curves, and log-rank tests were all used in the statistical study. Results: Elevated D-dimer levels were significantly associated with higher tumor grade (p < 0.05) and lymph node involvement (p < 0.01). Elevated fibrinogen levels were linked to larger tumor size (p < 0.05). Abnormal coagulation markers were correlated with reduced disease-free survival (p < 0.001). Conclusion: In breast cancer patients with lymph node metastases, coagulation indicators have the potential to predict disease severity and prognoses. Together with established parameters, their clinical utility may result in more precise care and better patient outcome

Role of Neoadjuvant Paclitaxel Chemotherapy in Carcinoma Breast: A Prospective Study

  Objective: The purpose of this prospective study was to assess the value of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with paclitaxel in the treatment of breast cancer. Methods: There were 88 diagnosed breast cancer patients altogether, 44 in each of the two groups (paclitaxel group and control group). To verify eligibility, thorough clinical, radiological, and laboratory evaluations were made. The reduction of tumor size, pathological reactions, and safety profiles were evaluated. To compare results between groups, statistical tests were used during data processing. Results: At 12 and 24 weeks, the paclitaxel group showed significantly smaller tumor sizes than the control group. In the paclitaxel group, complete pathological responses were more common, indicating efficient tumor regression. The side effects of paclitaxel therapy were generally well-tolerated and controllable. Conclusion: In conclusion, patients with breast cancer showed encouraging improvements in histological responses and tumor size after neoadjuvant paclitaxel treatment. These results suggest the potential advantages of using paclitaxel in neoadjuvant therapy protocols, perhaps making breast-conserving surgery more feasible. In order to provide more individualized treatments, future research should investigate long-term outcomes and biomarkers indicative of paclitaxel sensitivit

Real Time Packet Classification and Analysis based on Bloom Filter for Longest Prefix Matching

Packet classification is an enabling function in network and security systems; hence, hardware-based solutions, such as TCAM (Ternary Content Addressable Memory), have been extensively adopted for high-performance systems. With the expeditious improvement of hardware architectures and burgeoning popularity of multi-core multi-threaded processors, decision-tree based packet classification algorithms such as HiCuts and HyperCuts are grabbing considerable attention, outstanding to their flexibility in satisfying miscellaneous industrial requirements for network and security systems. For high classification speed, these algorithms internally use decision trees, whose size increases exponentially with the ruleset size; consequently, they cannot be used with a large rulesets. However, these decision tree algorithms involve complicated heuristics for concluding the number of cuts and fields. Moreover, ?xed interval-based cutting not depicting the actual space that each rule covers is defeasible and terminates in a huge storage requirement. We propose a new packet classification that simultaneously supports high scalability and fast classification performance by using Bloom Filter. Bloom uses hash table as a data structure which is an efficient data structure for membership queries to avoid lookup in some subsets which contain no matching rules and to sustain high throughput by using Longest Prefix Matching (LPM) algorithm. Hash table data structure which improves the performance by providing better boundaries on the hash collisions and memory accesses per search. The proposed classification algorithm also shows good scalability, high classification speed, irrespective of the number of rules. Performance analysis results show that the proposed algorithm enables network and security systems to support heavy traffic in the most effective manner

Aspirin induced fixed drug eruptions: a case report

Fixed drug eruptions are common cutaneous adverse drug reactions, commonly caused by anticonvulsants, antibiotics and analgesics. Here, we report a case of a 27-year-old male of fixed drug eruptions due to Aspirin which was used in treatment of headache

Hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities of pioglitazone in hyperlipidemic rats

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an endocrine disorder characterized by abnormal carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism along with specific long-term complications which are associated with hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress. Hence, it is important to find hypoglycemic drug that improves lipid profile and reduces oxidative stress in diabetic patient. This study, therefore, was performed to investigate hypolipidemic and antioxidant potential of Pioglitazone (PIO) in hyperlipidemic rats.Methods: Hyperlipidemia was induced in normal rats by including 0.75 gm% cholesterol and 1.5 gm% bile salt in normal diet and these rats were used for the experiments. PIO hydrochloride was administered as 10 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg dose levels to the hyperlipidemic rats. Hypolipidemic activity was estimated by plasma lipid profile parameters while antioxidant potential was estimated by ascorbic acid, catalase activity, malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase activity using standard methods. Statistical analysis was done by one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Dunnett’s test.Results:  Treatment with 10 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg dose levels of PIO hydrochloride resulted in a significant decrease in serum TG and VLDL only in 30 mg/kg PIO treated group and significant increase in serum HDL in both groups, but no significant decrease in cholesterol and LDL in both PIO treated groups. PIO increased activities of catalase enzyme and concentration of malondialdehyde significantly in only 30 mg/kg PIO treated group. But there were no significant changes in the superoxide dismutase activity and ascorbic acid concentration in both PIO treated groups.Conclusions: The present study demonstrated that treatment with 10 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg dose levels of PIO hydrochloride improves the plasma lipid profile and also reduces oxidative stress in hyperlipidemic animals