Aspirin induced fixed drug eruptions: a case report

Fixed drug eruptions are common cutaneous adverse drug reactions, commonly caused by anticonvulsants, antibiotics and analgesics. Here, we report a case of a 27-year-old male of fixed drug eruptions due to Aspirin which was used in treatment of headache

Effect of honey on hepatotoxicity induced by antitubercular drugs in albino rats

Background: Drug-induced hepatotoxicity is a potentially serious adverse effect of antituberculosis treatment (ATT) regimens containing isoniazid, rifampicin and pyrazinamide. Many in vitro and in vivo studies revealed that honey possess antioxidant property and hepotoprotective property but there is no systematic work available to test the effect of honey on antitubercular drugs induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Hence present study was carried out to explore the prophylactic and therapeutic effect of honey with its antioxidant activity against hepatotoxicity induced by antitubercular drugs (Isoniazid, Rifampicin and Pyrazinamide) in albino rats.Methods: Hepatotoxicity in rats treated with antitubercular drugs (Isoniazid, Rifampicin and Pyrazinamide) was studied by assessing parameters such as Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Serum total protein, Serum Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Serum Superoxide dismutase activity (SOD). The effect of Honey as co-administration and administration after establishment of hepatotoxicity on above parameter was investigated. These biochemical observations were supplemented by Histopathological examination of liver.Results: Honey significantly reversed changes in serum levels of AST, ALT, MDA, SOD, total protein and also histopathological changes produced by Antitubercular drugs. It was found that honey significantly prevented as well asreversed Antitubercular drugs induced hepatotoxicity and antioxidant activity.Conclusions: The results of present study show that honey has significant prophylactic and therapeutic value against antitubercular drugs induced hepatotoxicity

A quinone-based cathode material for high-performance organic lithium and sodium batteries

With the increased application of batteries in powering electric vehicles as well as potential contributions to utility-scale storage, there remains a need to identify and develop efficient and sustainable active materials for use in lithium (Li)- and sodium (Na)-ion batteries. Organic cathode materials provide a desirable alternative to inorganic counterparts, which often come with harmful environmental impact and supply chain uncertainties. Organic materials afford a sustainable route to active electrodes that also enable fine-tuning of electrochemical potentials through structural design. Here, we report a bis-anthraquinone-functionalized s-indacene-1,3,5,7(2H,6H)-tetraone (BAQIT) synthesized using a facile and inexpensive route as a high-capacity cathode material for use in Li- and Na-ion batteries. BAQIT provides multiple binding sites for Li- and Na-ions, while maintaining low solubility in commercial organic electrolytes. Electrochemical Li-ion cells demonstrate excellent stability with discharge capacities above 190 mAh g–1 after 300 cycles at a 0.1C rate. The material also displayed excellent high-rate performance with a reversible capacity of 142 mAh g–1 achieved at a 10C rate. This material affords high power capabilities superior to current state-of-the-art organic cathode materials, with values reaching 5.09 kW kg–1. The Na-ion performance was also evaluated, exhibiting reversible capacities of 130 mAh g–1 after 90 cycles at a 0.1C rate. This work offers a structural design to encourage versatile, high-power, and long cycle-life electrochemical energy-storage materials

Chemically Reduced Organic Small-Molecule-Based Lithium Battery with Improved Efficiency

Organic lithium batteries are attractive because of the possibility of fabricating lightweight and flexible devices. However, the organic lithium batteries have a few drawbacks. The specific capacity is usually lower than the theoretical capacity, which further decreases upon cycling. Often, the specific capacity is very low compared to theoretical capacity while discharging the battery at moderate and high <i>C</i> rates. To circumvent this issue, we chemically reduced carboxylic acid functionality substituted perylene diimide (benzoic-PDI) with hydrazine. Indeed, we found that the rate of redox reaction as well as the conductivity of the benzoic-PDI increased upon chemical reduction. The battery comprising reduced benzoic-PDI exhibits 100% Coulombic efficiency and specific capacity while discharging at 20<i>C</i>. The battery also exhibits very high specific energy (213 Wh/kg) and specific power (8548 W/kg). The control experiments confirm our hypothesis of using chemical reduction to improve the performance of organic lithium battery

A Porous Azatruxene Covalent Organic Framework as Positive Electrode Materials in Li- and Mg-based Batteries

Covalent-organic frameworks (COFs) containing well-defined redox-active groups have become competitive materials for next-generation batteries. Although a high rate performance can be expected, only few examples of p-type COFs have been reported for charge storage to date, with even fewer examples showing the use of COFs in multivalent ion batteries. Herein, we report the synthesis of an azatruxene-based COF and its application as positive electrode material in Li- and Mg-based batteries. Through solvothermal condensation a highly porous and crystalline COF was obtained, as confirmed by N2 adsorption and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD). The electron-rich azatruxene monomer shows up to three reversible one-electron oxidations making it an attractive material for anion storage. When this material is utilized in Li-based cells as a COF/CNT electrode, an average discharge potential of 3.9 V is obtained with discharge capacities of up to 70 mA h g−1 at a 2C rate. In Mg batteries using a tetrakis(hexafluoroisopropyloxy) borate electrolyte cycling proceeds with an average discharge voltage of 2.9 V. Even at a fast current rate of 5C, the capacity retention amounts to 84% over 1000 cycles, and the cells deliver an energy density of 112 W h kg−1

Antiaromatic Covalent Organic Frameworks Based on Dibenzopentalenes

Despite their inherent instability, 4n pi-systems have recently received significant attention due to their unique optical and electronic properties. In dibenzopentalene, benzanellation stabilizes the highly antiaromatic pentalene core, without compromising its amphoteric redox behavior or small HOMO–LUMO energy gap. However, incorporating such molecules in organic devices as discrete small molecules or ill-defined amorphous polymers can limit the performance (e.g. due to solubility in the electrolyte solution or low internal surface area). Covalent organic frameworks, on the contrary, are highly ordered, porous, and crystalline materials that can provide a platform to align molecules with specific properties in a well-defined, ordered environment. We synthesized the first antiaromatic framework materials and obtained a series of three highly crystalline and porous covalent organic frameworks based on dibenzopentalene. Potential applications of such antiaromatic bulk materials were explored: COF films show a conductivity of 4 × 10^(−8) S cm^(−1) upon doping and exhibit photoconductivity upon irradiation with visible light. Investigations as battery electrode materials demonstrate their ambipolar nature and the ability to store both anions and Li ions with enhanced charge storage capabilities compared to an aromatic COF or the conductive carbon material. This work showcases antiaromaticity as a new design principle for functional framework materials