Effect of partial pancreatectomy on diabetic status in BALB/c mice.

Pancreatic regeneration after pancreatectomy has been well documented in animal models. However, the phenomenon of pancreatic regeneration in diabetes has not been exploited as yet. We report here the restoration of euglycaemic status in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic BALB/c mice, after 50% pancreatectomy. We observed that, after pancreatectomy, STZ-diabetic mice showed a rapid improvement in glycaemic status, starting from the 8th postoperative day, and remained normoglycaemic throughout a 90-day follow-up study. STZ-induced diabetic and control non-diabetic BALB/c mice underwent pancreatectomy and were monitored regularly for changes in body weight, plasma glucose and serum insulin concentrations and histological status of the pancreas. All the pancreatectomised animals showed euglycaemic status from about 20 days after operation, whereas a majority (around 70%) of the diabetic, sham-operated animals died of sustained hyperglycaemia by 20-30 days after operation. Examination of the regenerating pancreas indicated nesidioblastotic activity and supported the theory of a ductal origin of islet stem cells. Islets isolated from the regenerating pancreas showed a progressive increase in islet area (1227.9+/-173.2 micrometer(2) on day 5 compared with 2473.8+/-242.0 micrometer(2) by day 20). The increment in insulin concentrations and subsequent decrement in glycaemia of the diabetic pancreatectomised animals indicate islet neogenesis occurring after the operative insult, leading to a normoglycaemic status, probably recapitulating ontogeny. We have shown that induction of a regenerative stimulus (pancreatectomy) in conditions of STZ-induced diabetes may trigger pancreatic regenerative processes, thereby restoring a functional pancreas, in STZ-diabetic mice

ADOPTION OF SOCIABLE GREEN ENGINEERING FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

India is striding ahead to become a world leader in manufacturing of ferrous metals & alloys. Rapid globalization has driven up-gradation to its ultra-modern infra-structure. It has contributed to India’s sustainable industrial growth in auto, infra, mining, petrochemicals, and power sectors. Hence over the decade, its per capita consumption of ferrous products has vastly increased. Existing units of iron and steel manufacturing industries emit the greenhouse gases (GHG) with variable life span with multiple and Global Warming Potential (GWP). These are responsible for the global climate changes. Global Warming & negligence of integrated impact of enviro-scoio-human-economic factors while achieving technological progress has today become the greatest challenge to the human endeavor for its continued and dignified existence on this planet. Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), which is multistage knowledge process is one of the ways identified under the KYOTO Protocol, for developed countries to offset their carbon emissions, is fast becoming the preferred way.Moreover, KYOTO protocol based market driven generation, registration, valuation of carbon credit and its subsequent trading leads to penalize the polluting and reward the clean industries. Consequently, authors have attempted to create awareness among the ferrous metal manufacturing industries to minimize the hazardous impact of GHG by investing in modernization of various sections, machineries and process of the integrated plants by discussing a few case studies and methodologies adopted to translate controlling carbon emission into a profit churning venture. Implementing alternative, appropriate, innovative, resource conserving, safe & green technology will lead to sustainable development

Security Aware Virtual Machine Allocation Policy to Improve QoS

Cloud service providers find managing the energy consumption for datacentres as a critical operation. Significant energy is being used by a rising spike in the number of data centres. To overcome this challenge datacentres, attempt to reduce the number of active physical servers by carrying out virtual machine consolidation process. However, due to inadequate security measures to verify hostile cloud users, the security threats on cloud multitenancy platform have escalated.  In this paper we propose energy efficient virtual machine consolidation using priority-based security aware virtual machine allocation policy to improve datacentre security. The proposed security solution considers the host threat score before virtual machine placement, which has reduced the security threats for co-residency attacks without impacting datacentre energy consumption

Design and Thermal Analysis of LED Lamp Cooling by using Optimization of Circular Fins

The selection of particular fin configuration in LED Lamp for heat transfer application depend on the  weight and manufacturing technique consideration as well as the thermal characteristics it exhibits, Circular Fins are one of the most popular choice for enhancing the heat transfer rate to Minimize an junction temperature by minimizing the total thermal resistance of system. For actively cooled systems,  this may essentially be achieved by simultaneously engineering the conduction through the heat sink and creating a well-designed flow pattern of Heat over suitable convective surface area. Finite element method (FEM) was used to compute the maximum temperature at junction of LED. An extensive study was carried out using ANSYS, a powerful platform for Heat flow through Led Heat sink. Results obtained were presented in a series of temperature along the length of fins. Keywords: ANSYS, Circular Fins, FEM, Junction Temperature, Thermal Resistance

Possible inundation map of coastal areas of gujarat with a tsunamigenic earthquake

The western Indian peninsula experienced the most destructive tsunami ever recorded in the Arabian Sea by the 28th November 1945 earthquake (Mw 8.1) in Makran region. The run-up height during the tsunami was of 17m at Makran coast and 11 to 11.5m in Gulf of Kachchh region. Seismic gap area along the subduction zone of Makran is possible site of future great earthquake, which could generate tsunamigenic condition along western Indian coast. Determination of run-up elevation is important aspect to study the inundation in any region, which get affected by offshore and on-shore geomorphological conditions i.e. bathymetry and near-shore topography. Inundation maps are prepared using Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (SRTM) data and ETOPOv2v to show the possible areas of inundation due to different wave heights along coastal parts of Gujarat state. Results shows that more than 2 m run-up elevation is showing possibility of inundation in Jakhau and Kandla areas of Gulf of Kachchh region whereas, the Saurashtra region shows less possibility of inundation. As the state has important installations like ports, jetties, industries along the coast and also other socio-economical perspective which can be affected by such an event, hence the demarcation of possible inundation areas is important for determination of future tsunami hazard demanding more detailed work

SHORT TERM PHYSICAL TRAINING AND ITS BENEFIT ON CARDIOVASCULAR AND AUTONOMIC RESPONSE

Purpose of the study: Physical training results in favorable cardiovascular changes and that autonomic nervous system "the prime mediator" of these changes. Aim: The present study was conducted to test the hypothesis that short duration of physical training may result in improved Cardiovascular recovery profile in humans. Material and Methods: Over a two month period, 58 healthy adult volunteers in age group of 17 to 20 years, the study was conducted in the Department of Physiology Gandhi Medical College Bhopal. Cardiovascular physical performance parameters were measured in terms of heart rate and blood pressure during physical exercise (Bicycle ergometery) as well as post exercise period. A standard battery of autonomic function tests including both activity and reactivity was used.Sympathetic reactivity is evaluated by diastolic blood pressure response to hand grip test and Parasympathetic reactivity is evaluated by heart rate variability during deep breathing. Results and Interpretation: In the present study heart rate increased with physical exercise linearly upto day 5th, after that increase in heart rate was less. Students ˜"t"  test revealed a statistically significant (P< 0.001) decline in heart rate value recorded on day 1 and day 15th.With training , there is rise in systolic blood pressure with decrease of diastolic blood pressure which is statistically significant, but the observation revealed that the systolic and diastolic pressure values on day 1st and 15th did not show any statistically significant change with exercise. Sympathetic reactivity as evaluated by diastolic blood pressure response to hand grip test showed a decrease at 4th minute though it was not statistically significant. Parasympathetic reactivity is evaluated by heart rate variability during deep breathing which is not statistically significant. Conclusion: It could be concluded from our study that a short term physical training improved the cardiovascular status in humans by increased reading of blood pressure at beginning of exercise  due to rapid  vagal withdrawal and decreased reading of blood pressure after training  due to increase in vagal tone. A trend of an increase in parasympathetic tone and decrease in sympathetic tone was observed. KEYWORDS: Autonomic activity; Blood pressure; Physical activity; Young adults

SHORT TERM PHYSICAL TRAINING AND ITS BENEFIT ON CARDIOVASCULAR AND AUTONOMIC RESPONSE

Purpose of the study: Physical training results in favorable cardiovascular changes and that autonomic nervous system "the prime mediator" of these changes. Aim: The present study was conducted to test the hypothesis that short duration of physical training may result in improved Cardiovascular recovery profile in humans. Material and Methods: Over a two month period, 58 healthy adult volunteers in age group of 17 to 20 years, the study was conducted in the Department of Physiology Gandhi Medical College Bhopal. Cardiovascular physical performance parameters were measured in terms of heart rate and blood pressure during physical exercise (Bicycle ergometery) as well as post exercise period. A standard battery of autonomic function tests including both activity and reactivity was used.Sympathetic reactivity is evaluated by diastolic blood pressure response to hand grip test and Parasympathetic reactivity is evaluated by heart rate variability during deep breathing. Results and Interpretation: In the present study heart rate increased with physical exercise linearly upto day 5th, after that increase in heart rate was less. Students ˜"t"  test revealed a statistically significant (P< 0.001) decline in heart rate value recorded on day 1 and day 15th.With training , there is rise in systolic blood pressure with decrease of diastolic blood pressure which is statistically significant, but the observation revealed that the systolic and diastolic pressure values on day 1st and 15th did not show any statistically significant change with exercise. Sympathetic reactivity as evaluated by diastolic blood pressure response to hand grip test showed a decrease at 4th minute though it was not statistically significant. Parasympathetic reactivity is evaluated by heart rate variability during deep breathing which is not statistically significant. Conclusion: It could be concluded from our study that a short term physical training improved the cardiovascular status in humans by increased reading of blood pressure at beginning of exercise  due to rapid  vagal withdrawal and decreased reading of blood pressure after training  due to increase in vagal tone. A trend of an increase in parasympathetic tone and decrease in sympathetic tone was observed. KEYWORDS: Autonomic activity; Blood pressure; Physical activity; Young adults

Effect of plant geometry on rabi and kharif onion production

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of plant geometry on production of onion bulbs during rabi 2008–09 and kharif–2009. Eight week old seedlings of variety Agrifound Light Red in Rabi and seven week old seedlings of variety Agrifound Dark Red in kharif were transplanted in raised beds during the last week of December in rabi and August in kharif in different geometry i.e. S1- Normal planting 15 cm × 10 cm whole bed, straight row, S2-Zig zag planting 2 rows 30 cm × 10 cm whole bed, S3- Straight strip planting 10 cm × 10 cm (one strip 4 rows between strip 30 cm), S4-Zig zag strip planting 20 cm × 10 cm (one strip 4 rows between strip 30 cm) and S5-Paired row planting 30 cm × 10 cm (2 rows between pair 20 cm. Rabi data revealed that significantly higher equatorial bulb diameter (5.61 cm), polar diameter (3.93 cm), bulb size index (22.07 cm2), and 20 bulb weight (1.38 kg) were noted in S5 and was at par with S4 (5.59 cm), (3.90 cm), (21.87 cm2) and (1.33 kg), respectively. Treatment S5 showed highest total soluble solids (12%) and dry matter content (14%). Significantly highest gross yield (305 q ha-1) and marketable yield (291 q ha-1) were noted in S5 and was at par with S4 (302 q ha-1) and (205 q ha-1), respectively. In kharif, highest plant height (61.00 cm) was observed for S5-Paired row planting 30 cm × 10 cm (2 rows between pair 20 cm) which was, however, at par with S1-Normal planting 15 cm × 10 cm whole bed, straight row, and S4-Zig zag strip planting 20 cm × 10 cm (one strip 4 rows between strip 30 cm). The highest equatorial bulb diameter (5.42 cm), polar diameter (4.12 cm), 20 bulbs weight (1.18 kg) and bulb size index (22.28 cm2) were noted in S5- Paired row planting 30 cm × 10 cm (2 rows between pair 20 cm). The minimum thrips incidence (58 %) and number of thrips per plant (3) were noted in S5- Paired row planting 30 cm × 10 cm (2 rows between pair 20 cm). Highest and significant gross yield (226 q ha-1) and marketable yield (207 q ha-1) were noted in S5. It is concluded from the experiment that S5-Paired row planting 30 cm × 10 cm (2 rows between pair 20 cm) gave better results over other geometry in rabi as well as in kharif. &nbsp

Hormone Anchored Metal Complexes. 1. Synthesis, Structure, Spectroscopy and In Vitro Antitumor Activity of Testosterone Acetate Thiosemicarbazone and its Metal Complexes

Testosterone acetate thiosemicarbazone (TATSC, 17-β-hydroxyandrost-4-one acetate thiosemicarbazone) was synthesized and characterized by single crystal X-ray structure determination. The copper and platinum complexes of this steroid derivative were synthesized and characterized by spectroscopy and electrochemiatry. The in vitro activity of these compounds against human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 was tested. The highest activity was found for the [Pt(TATSC)Cl1] followed by [Cu(TATSC)Cl2] and the ligand in compariosn with cisplatin

SFRP-mediated Wnt sequestration as a potential therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease

The extracellular ligand, Wnt, and its receptors are involved in sign al transduction and play an important role in axis formation and neural development. In neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), a decrease of the intracellular Wnt effector, ß-catenin, has been linked to amyloid-ß-peptide-induced neurotoxicity. Despite this knowledge, targeting Wnt inhibitors as potential biomarkers has not been explored, and harnessing Wnt activators as therapeutic candidates remains largely not investigated. A wide acting family of Wnt mediators, secreted frizzled-related proteins (sFRPs), has not been probed so far as molecular indicators of disease occurrence and progression of Alzheimer's. Unlike the effect of the Dickkopf (DKK) family of Wnt antagonists on AD, the sFRP molecules have a more pleiotropic impact on the Wnt signaling cascade and probably have a far-reaching involvement in neurodegeneration. The role of sFRPs has been poorly described in AD, and in this review, we analyze the present status of the role of sFRPs on neurodegeneration, their likely involvement, and potential implications in treatment modalities of AD. This information would provide valuable clues for the development of potential therapeutic targets for aberrant neurodegenerative disorders