Clinical profile of patients with cardiac syndrome X in a tertiary care hospital

Background: Abnormalities in coronary microcirculation may lead to symptoms of chest pain which mimics angina. Symptoms of chest pain along with evidence of ischemia on non-invasive tests like electrocardiography (ECG), echocardiography or treadmill test (TMT) but with normal coronary angiogram (CAG) is referred to as cardiac syndrome X (CSX). Previous studies have shown favourable prognosis in such patients. However recent studies have not shown good prognosis. We intend to understand whether such adverse cardiovascular outcomes could be secondary to any change in the clinical characteristics of patients with CSX in the current era.Methods: This is a retrospective study which was conducted at a tertiary care hospital. CAG of patients who underwent coronary angiography between November 2013 and October 2016, for suspected ischemic heart disease was reviewed. Clinical characteristics of patients with normal or non-obstructive coronaries (less than 50% stenosis) in angiography with chest pain were analyzed. Further clinical characteristics, ECG, echocardiography, treadmill test and CAG findings were compared among males and females.Results: 410 patients were included in the study. 212 were females and 198 were males. Mean age of presentation was 53.46±10.5 years for males and 55.04±9.3 years for females. Patients presenting with atypical chest pain were higher (70.7%). There were 195 subjects with systemic hypertension, 103 with diabetes mellitus and 57 had dyslipidemia. In the study, most 260 subjects had ST-T changes on ECG. Abnormal echocardiography was seen in only 35 patients. 30.5% patients showed positive stress test for inducible ischemia.Conclusions: CSX is prevalent in significant number of patients who present with symptoms of chest pain. Unlike previous studies, there is no significant difference among males and females, in prevalence and risk factors for this syndrome. Further non-obstructive lesions were found to be higher in females

THERMO GRAVIMETRY-DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING COLORIMETRY-MASS SPECTROSCOPY-A REVIEW

Thermogravimetric analysis is an analytical technique used to determine a material's thermal stability and its fraction of volatile components by monitoring the weight change that occurs as a sample is heated at a constant rate. Differential scanning colorimetry analysis is used to measure melting temperature, the heat of fusion, latent heat of melting, reaction energy etc. Mass spectroscopy is a powerful analytical tool with many applications in pharmaceuticals and biomedical fields. The increase in sensitivity and resolution of the instrument as opened new dimensions in analysis of pharmaceuticals and complex metabolites of biological systems. Thermo gravimetry coupled with differential scanning colorimetry and Quadra pole mass spectrometry was applied to monitor the thermal stability and chemical properties of natural polymers isolated from chemically different soils. The TGA/DSC, when coupled with MS generic multiple ions from the sample under investigation, it then separates them according to a specific mass-to-charge ratio. The coupled instrument is used for simultaneous identification of organic compounds, used to evaluate the physical properties, degradation stability of powder coating

Effects of Variable Viscosity and Temperature Modulation on Linear Rayleigh-Bénard Convection in Newtonian Dielectric Liquid

The linear Rayleigh-Bénard electro-convective stability of the Newtonian dielectric liquid is determined theoretically subject to the temperature modulation with time. A perturbation method is used to compute the critical Rayleigh number and the wave number. The critical Rayleigh number is calculated as a function of the frequency of modulation, the temperature-dependent variable viscosity, the electric field dependent variable viscosity, the Prandtl number, and the electric Rayleigh number. The effects of all three cases of modulations are established to delay or advance the onset of the convection process. In addition, how the effect of variable viscosity controls the onset of convection is studied

Mangrove microflora as potential source of hydrolytic enzymes for commercial applications

678-684The purpose of this study was to isolate and characterize mangrove microflora based on their hydrolytic enzyme production. A collection of 100 microorganisms including bacteria, actinomycetes, fungi and yeasts was isolated. The ability of microbial isolates to degrade hydrolytic enzymes such as amylase, cellulase, chitinase, glutaminase, laccase, ligninase, lipase, protease and tyrosinase were tested and the potent strains were identified based on 16S rRNA and ITS sequencing. More than 90% of the isolates exhibited amylolytic and proteolytic activity. Potent isolates were identified as: Bacillus subtilis (MB1), Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (MB11), Bacillus megaterium (MB23), Bacillus mojavensis (MB28), Streptomyces galbus (MA7), Streptomyces sp. (MA3), Candida parapsilopsis (MY6), Candida etchellsi (MY1), Penicillium citrinum (MF5), Aspergillus stellifer (MF12) and Emericella sp. (MF18). These microbes as well as the enzymes are of potential importance for commercial applications as bioremediators, detergent additives and nutritional supplements

Antenatal laparoscopic management of ovarian cyst: a case report

The frequency of adnexal mass in pregnancy ranges from 2% to 10%, dermoid cyst is the most common ovarian germ cell tumor during pregnancy which could be asymptomatic or symptomatic, management through laparoscopy must be considered as it provides several advantages, including reduced postoperative pain, analgesic use, hospitalization time and better cosmetic result. Here we are reporting a case of an unbooked 35 years old primigravida at 16 weeks and 4 days gestation with history of retention of urine. Ultrasound showed a live foetus of 16 weeks gestation with bilateral mild maternal hydroureteronephrosis and complex cystic mass of 13×10 cm in right lumbar region suggestive of ovarian mass. Patient was clinically stable, hence exploratory laparoscopy was taken up the next day. Intraoperatively, dermoid cyst was found in the right ovary. Right ovarian cystectomy was performed. She had an uneventful postoperative period and discharged. She was monitored for the rest of the pregnancy and it was uneventful. She had spontaneous full term normal vaginal delivery of female baby weighing 2.8 kg. Although the patient was clinically stable, large ovarian cyst are predisposed for future complications, hence antenatal diagnosis and appropriate intervention is crucial for good outcome

Towards an Experimental Testbed to Study Cyber Worm Behaviors in Large Scale Networks

A worm is a malicious agent that propagates across networks of devices creating negative impacts on the devices it is able to reach and infect. Currently, there is very limited information in cybersecurity research regarding worm behavior across real networks of devices, particularly in large scale networks (e.g. campus networks, office networks, IoT etc.). This paper positions an experimental testbed that can be used for studying worm behaviors in large scale networks. In particular, this research aims to setup an infrastructure to empirically study worm generation, propagation, attacks, policies and antidote (intervention) mechanisms through a unified experimental testbed. As a preliminary step towards this goal, this paper presents a case study of an empirical study of the behavior of a worm that attacks through IP address routing in a campus network. Through a 10 node set up where Raspberry Pis are used to emulate a user device in the campus network, we show how a simple worm that uses an exhaustive sequential and/or random selection of IP can lead to infecting devices in ways which can be challenging to track in reality. We also infer that through extensive experimentation it could be possible to develop prediction models for the attack patterns, based on the behavior patterns observed in the experiments

DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF STABILITY INDICATING HPLC METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF ULIPRISTAL ACETATE IN PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM

A simple, novel, precise and accurate stability indicating RP-HPLC method was developed and validated for the estimation of Ulipristal Acetate in pharmaceutical dosage form. A Phenoxneome C18 (150 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 µm) column was used as stationary phase with mobile phase consisting of 0.1% ortho phosphoric acid and acetonitrile in the ratio of 50:50 v/v (pH was adjusted to 4.0 with triethyl amine). The flow rate was maintained at 1.0 mL/min and effluents were monitored at 223 nm. The retention time was 1.895 min. The linearity of the method was observed in the concentration range of 20-100 µg/mL with correlation coefficient of 0.999. The method developed was validated for linearity, precision, accuracy, system suitability and forced degradation studies like acidic, alkaline, oxidative and neutral stress conditions were performed as per ICH guidelines. The results obtained in the study were within the acceptable limits and hence this method can be used for the estimation of Ulipristal Acetate in pharmaceutical dosage form

Identification of potential targets and Screening for common signature in novel anticancer inhibitors in human

Cancer remains a basic burden to public health despite substantial efforts aimed at developing effective chemotherapeutics. The goal of the project is to screen for common signature in novel drug targets and identification of potential lead molecules by analysis and prediction of its ADMET properties with high specificity. In the present study we have screened all 11,000 entries for Human Cancer Proteins available in PDB and retrieved 12 hits classified according to space group, accessible/buried surface area, and free energy of dissociation and further considered for the analysis of cation-pi interactions study results showed that high exposed percentage for Lys and Arg due to their hydrophilic properties and having high accessible surface area. Phe was having low percentage of exposed compared to other residues due to its hydrophobic nature. Ligands were screened through HitsGen by Inventus software, which is a standalone software that performs ADMET screening for ligands through six assays namely CACO, efflux, BBB, FDP,VDSS and finally 8 ligands that are being satisfied through all the screening results which are further analysed by docking studies using NOVODOCKER. We have observed that Tyr,Thr,Asp residues have significantly involved in donor /acceptor interaction, Though there is no significant PPI is observed among all the targets. After screening 216 hits and performing protein -ligand interaction studies revealed that Leucovorin and Morphine are potential ligands among 216 hits which can be further analysed for In vivo studies

Conceptual Design Of Cargo Airplane

The main goal of the work is to design the military cargo aircraft that fulfils all the requirements. Current work includes weight estimation of an aircraft, selection of airfoil and suitable wing configuration, selection of tail, fuselage sizing and power plant selection. From the available details, weight estimation of the aircraft was started, by assuming the soldiers weight and baggage allowance, with the available empirical relations, weight estimation was done. There are many conditions to select feasible airfoil for the aircraft, with the consideration of design Mach number and design lift coefficient airfoil was selected, then for aircraft flight regime, suitable wing configurations was selected. Primary objective of fuselage is to accommodate the soldiers, crew members in cockpit, and cargo, to place all these in the fuselage, space was sized and proper aisle was given in between with reference to the military standards. Need of Empennage is to provide the stability for aircraft, by checking the required stability for aircraft, horizontal and vertical tail was sized and suitable configuration was selected from the historical trends and requirement. In the design stage feasible engine for the aircraft was selected

Control Barrier Functions in UGVs for Kinematic Obstacle Avoidance: A Collision Cone Approach

In this paper, we propose a new class of Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) for Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGVs) that help avoid collisions with kinematic (non-zero velocity) obstacles. While the current forms of CBFs have been successful in guaranteeing safety/collision avoidance with static obstacles, extensions for the dynamic case with torque/acceleration-controlled unicycle and bicycle models have seen limited success. Moreover, with these nonholonomic UGV models, applications of existing CBFs have been conservative in terms of control, i.e., steering/thrust control has not been possible under certain common scenarios. Drawing inspiration from the classical use of collision cones for obstacle avoidance in path planning, we introduce its novel CBF formulation with theoretical guarantees on safety for both the unicycle and bicycle models. The main idea is to ensure that the velocity of the obstacle w.r.t. the vehicle is always pointing away from the vehicle. Accordingly, we construct a constraint that ensures that the velocity vector always avoids a cone of vectors pointing at the vehicle. The efficacy of this new control methodology is experimentally verified on the Copernicus mobile robot. We further extend it to the bicycle model and demonstrate collision avoidance under various scenarios in the CARLA simulator.Comment: Submitted to 2023 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS). 8 pages, 8 figures, For supplement video follow https://youtu.be/4qWYaWEPduM. The first and second authors have contributed equall