Dicarbonylruthenium(II) complexes of diphosphine ligands and their catalytic activity

The hexa-coordinated chelate complexes of the type [Ru(CO)2Cl2(P-P)](1a,b) [where P-P = 9,9-dimethyl- 4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)xanthene(a) and [bis(2-diphenylphosphinophenyl)ether(b)] have been synthesized by reacting the polymeric precursor [Ru(CO)2Cl2]n with the ligands in 1:1 molar ratio. The complexes 1a,b are characterized by elemental analyses, Mass, IR and NMR spectroscopy together with the single crystal X-ray structure determination of 1a. The compound 1a crystallizes in a monoclinic system with space group C2/c showing a slightly distorted octahedral geometry around the Ru centre. The complexes 1a and 1b are thermally stable up to 300 �C and exhibit high catalytic activity in transfer hydrogenation of aldehyde and ketones to corresponding alcohols. The complexes 1a and 1b show much higher catalytic activity for the hydrogenation of aldehyde than ketones. In general, the catalytic efficiency of 1b is higher compared with 1a

Exploring potential of pearl millet germplasm association panel for association mapping of drought tolerance traits

A pearl millet inbred germplasm association panel (PMiGAP) comprising 250 inbred lines, representative of cultivated germplasm from Africa and Asia, elite improved open-pollinated cultivars, hybrid parental inbreds and inbred mapping population parents, was recently established. This study presents the first report of genetic diversity in PMiGAP and its exploitation for association mapping of drought tolerance traits. For diversity and genetic structure analysis, PMiGAP was genotyped with 37 SSR and CISP markers representing all seven linkage groups. For association analysis, it was phenotyped for yield and yield components and morpho-physiological traits under both well-watered and drought conditions, and genotyped with SNPs and InDels from seventeen genes underlying a major validated drought tolerance (DT) QTL. The average gene diversity in PMiGAP was 0.54. The STRUCTURE analysis revealed six subpopulations within PMiGAP. Significant associations were obtained for 22 SNPs and 3 InDels from 13 genes under different treatments. Seven SNPs associations from 5 genes were common under irrigated and one of the drought stress treatments. Most significantly, an important SNP in putative acetyl CoA carboxylase gene showed constitutive association with grain yield, grain harvest index and panicle yield under all treatments. An InDel in putative chlorophyll a/b binding protein gene was significantly associated with both stay-green and grain yield traits under drought stress. This can be used as a functional marker for selecting high yielding genotypes with 'stay green' phenotype under drought stress. The present study identified useful marker-trait associations of important agronomics traits under irrigated and drought stress conditions with genes underlying a major validated DT-QTL in pearl millet. Results suggest that PMiGAP is a useful panel for association mapping. Expression patterns of genes also shed light on some physiological mechanisms underlying pearl millet drought tolerance

Synthesis, characterization and biological applications of cobalt oxide (Co3O4) nanoparticles

Cobalt oxide (Co3O4) nanoparticles have been synthesized by thermal decomposition method. The synthesized Co3O4 nano-scale particles were characterized using UV–Visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, Transmission electron microscopy and Scanning electron microscopy. The study of antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity behavior of Co3O4 nanoparticles with various concentrations was performed. The results from antimicrobial test and hemolysis assay depicts that the synthesized Co3O4 nanoparticles show efficient antioxidant as well as the antibacterial behavior. From the experiment it is also revealed that the antioxidant activity of Co3O4 nanoparticles increases with the increase of nanoparticle concentration

Regulation And Economic Interests

The capture theory of regulation is analyzed in this paper with the motor trucking industry.  The evidence supports the argument that regulation is acquired by industry and is designed and operated primarily for industry’s benefit.  It is also found that the optimal level of regulation provided by the legislature is less than the outcome most desired by the special interests because of the involvement of the political costs

Emergence of carbapenem-resistant enterobacterales co-harboring bla OXA−78 and bla OXA−58 from India

Abstract Background Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) has been categorized as pathogens of critical priority by World Health organization (WHO) as they pose significant threat to global public health. Carbapenemase production considered as the principal resistance mechanism against carbapenems and with the recent surge and expansion of carbapenemases and its variants among clinically significant bacteria in India, the present study reports expansion bla OXA−78 and bla OXA−58 of in CRE of clinical origin. Methods Bacterial isolates were collected from a tertiary referral hospital and identified through VITEK® 2 Compact automated System (Biomerieux, France). Rapidec® Carba NP (Biomerieux, France) was used to investigate carbapenemase production followed by antibiotic susceptibility testing through Kirby-Bauer Disc Diffusion method and agar dilution method. Class D carbapenemase genes were targeted through PCR assay followed by investigation of horizontal transmission of bla OXA−58 and bla OXA−78. Whole genome sequencing was carried out using Illumina platform to investigate the genetic context of bla OXA−58 and bla OXA−78 genes and further characterization of the CRE isolates. Results The carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli (BJD_EC456) and Serratia marcescens (BJD_SM81) received during the study from the tertiary referral hospital were isolated from sputum and blood samples respectively. PCR assay followed by whole genome sequencing revealed that the isolates co-harbor bla OXA−58 and bla OXA−78, a variant of bla OXA−51. Horizontal transfer of bla OXA−58 and bla OXA−78 genes were unsuccessful as these genes were located on the chromosome of the study isolates. Transposon Tn6080 was linked to bla OXA−78 in the upstream region while the insertion sequences ISAba26 and ISCfr1 were identified in the upstream and downstream region of bla OXA−58 gene respectively. In addition, both the isolates were co-harboring multiple antibiotic resistance genes conferring clinical resistance towards beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, fluroquinolones, sulphonamides, tetracyclines. BJD_EC180 belonged to ST2437 while BJD_SM81 was of an unknown sequence type. The nucleotide sequences of bla OXA−78 (OQ533021) and bla OXA−58 (OQ533022) have been deposited in GenBank. Conclusions The study provides a local epidemiological information regarding carbapenem resistance aided by transposon and insertion sequences associated bla OXA−78 and bla OXA−58 genes associated and warrants continuous monitoring to prevent their further dissemination into carbapenem non-susceptible strains thereby contributing to carbapenem resistance burden which is currently a global concern

Impact of Different Irrigation Techniques on Wheat Crop Micro-climate

Aim of this experiment is to study the impact of irrigation techniques on microclimate of wheat crop in terms of temperature and humidity. Randomized block design is used on the wheat crop (Triticum aestivum L.) variety Karan Narendra (DBW 222) at research farm of ICAR-CSSRI, Karnal during the Rabi 2021-22. In conventional practice treatment, higher temperature fluctuation was observed and was 0.5-1°C cooler as compared to other plots. Drip irrigation treatment showed most stable crop microclimate in terms of canopy temperature and humidity dynamics. A sharp rise in temperature at maturity cause dryness in crop and leads to lower productivity. Except at physiological maturity, canopy was cooler than the ambient air, while relative humidity was higher both during morning and evening hour

Thiomonas bhubaneswarensis sp. nov., an obligately mixotrophic, moderately thermophilic, thiosulfate-oxidizing bacterium

A novel aerobic, obligately mixotrophic, moderately thermophilic, thiosulfate-oxidizing bacterium, S10<SUP>T</SUP>, was isolated from hot-spring sediment samples collected from Atri, Bhubaneswar, India. The cells of this isolate stained Gram-negative and were strictly aerobic, non-sporulating, rod-shaped and motile with a single polar flagellum. Strain S10<SUP>T</SUP> was positive for oxidase and catalase activities. It was capable of utilizing thiosulfate under mixotrophic growth conditions. Mixotrophic growth was observed at pH 6.0-8.5 and 25-45 °C; optimum growth occurred at pH 7.5-8.0 and 30-37 °C. The major cellular fatty acids were C<SUB>12:0</SUB> 3-OH, C<SUB>16:1</SUB>ω7c, C<SUB>16:0</SUB>, C<SUB>17:0</SUB> cyclo, C<SUB>18:1</SUB>ω7c and C19:0 cyclo ω8c. The DNA G+C content of strain S10<SUP>T</SUP> was 64.8 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that the bacterium clustered within the radiation of the genus Thiomonas and showed 98.0% similarity with Thiomonas perometabolis ATCC 23370<SUP>T</SUP> and Thiomonas intermedia ATCC 15466<SUP>T</SUP>. However, DNA-DNA reassociation values of strain S10<SUP>T</SUP> with Thiomonas perometabolis JCM 20426<SUP>T</SUP> and Thiomonas intermedia JCM 20425<SUP>T</SUP>, its nearest phylogenetic relatives, were 46 and 39%, respectively. On the basis of phenotypic, physiological and chemotaxonomic properties, 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and DNA-DNA reassociation studies, it is proposed that strain S10<SUP>T</SUP> represents a novel species of the genus Thiomonas, Thiomonas bhubaneswarensis sp. nov.; the type strain is S10<SUP>T</SUP> (=DSM 18181<SUP>T</SUP> =JCM 14806<SUP>T</SUP>)

Combinatorial synthesis of the peptidomimetic inhibitors of HIV 1 protease

498-506A cobalt-catalyzed combinatorial synthesis of various β-phenylisoserinederivatives is described. This methodology is applied to a one-pot synthesis of pyrrolidine- containing α-hydroxyamidecore structure β-phenylisoserine-valinedipeptide isostere and α-acetyl- or α-hydroxyethyl- β -amino acid derivatives