Observation constraints on scalar field cosmological model in Anisotropic universe

In this study, we have explored a scalar field cosmological model in the axially symmetric Bianchi type-I universe. In this study, our aim is to constrain the scalar field dark energy model in an anisotropic background. For this purpose, the explicit solution of the developed field equations for the model is determined and analysed. Constraints on the cosmological model parameters are established utilizing Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) analysis and using the latest observational data sets of OHD, BAO, and Pantheon. For the combined dataset (OHD, BAO, and Pantheon), the best-fit values of Hubble and density parameters are estimated as $H_{0} = 71.54\pm 0.28$, $\Omega_{m0}=0.2622\pm0.0021$ $\Omega_{\phi0} = 0.7331\pm0.0046$, and $\Omega_{\sigma 0} = 0.000162\pm0.000063$. The model shows a flipping nature and redshift transition occurs at $z_{t} = 0.6964^{+0.0136}_{-0.0006}$, and the present value of decelerated parameter is computed to be $q_{0} = -0.6964\pm0.028$ for the combined dataset. We have explored characteristics like the universe's age, particle horizon, deceleration parameter, and jerk parameter. The dynamical properties such as energy density $\rho_{\phi}$, scalar field pressure $p_{\phi}$, and equation of state parameter $\omega_{\phi}$ are analyzed and presented. We have also described the behavior of the scalar potential $V(\phi)$ and scalar fields. Furthermore, the authors also described the behavior of energy conditions in scalar-tensor cosmology. The scenario of the present accelerated expansion of the universe is described by the contribution of the scalar field.Comment: 18 Pages, 15 figure

Micro-climatic changes in Thar Desert in India: Development and challenges

It is time to learn from the recent incidents and reframe our planning approach and also, increase our efforts on a priority basis. When it is being planned to extend the Indira Gandhi Canal to the Thar Desert districts, it is essential to construct outlets so that during any emergency outflow of excess water is assured. There are evidences of the existence of some ancient channels along with some extinct rivers like the Leek and the Sheepasaria linking the area with the seasonal river Luni. There is an urgent need to study the terrain and topography of the area to develop its drainage system and for it rehabilitation

Optical fiber cone taper tip sensor for refractive index measurement

Optical fiber cone taper (OFCT) tip for refractive index sensing based on Michelson interferometer (MI) has been reported in present work. The fiber tip has been fabricated using chemical etching techniques, where hydrofluoric acid (HF) has been used as chemical etchant and silicone oil as protective layer for single mode fiber. The variation between intensity and refractive indices have been studied for small volume of liquid at operating wavelength 1550 nm and 1310 nm. In addition OFCT tips have been tested for pH detection and time response. The refractive index sensitivity of 9878.28 dB RIU-1 has been observed for sodium chloride (NaCl) solution in water of refractive index range from 1.3330 to 1.3342. Such kind of sensors using optical fiber tips are of low cost, simple fabrication and compact structure with high sensitivit

ON WIJSMAN DEFERRED STATISTICAL CONVERGENCE OF DOUBLE SEQUENCES OF SETS

In this article, we introduce the concepts of Wijsman deferred statistical convergence and Wijsman strong deferred Cesaro summability for double sequences of sets. Additionally, some properties and based results have been established under a few restrictions

An Axially Symmetric Transitioning models with Observational Constraints

In this study, we have demonstrated the expansion history of an axially symmetric Bianchi type-I model of the universe. Our model as of now presents an accelerating universe, which had been in the decelerating phase in the past. Roles of the two crucial Hubble~$H(z)$ and deceleration~$q(z)$ parameters are examined. The energy parameters of the universe are estimated with the help of the latest observational Hubble data (46-data points) and Pantheon data (the latest compilation of SNIa with 40 binned in the redshift range $0.014 \leq z \leq 1.62)$. We also discuss the stability analysis of the model by state finder diagnosis. The analysis reveals that in late time, the model is a quintessence type and points towards the $\Lambda$CDM model. Our developed model agrees with observational findings in a proper way. We have discussed some of the physical aspects of the model.Comment: 19 pages, 10 figure

Effect of dizocilpine (MK-801) on the working memory of rats on a three-panel runway apparatus

Background: Understanding the processes underlying cognitive functions is a prerequisite to develop strategies for the treatment of cognitive deficits. There is a great need for valid animal models for investigating the cognitive enhancing effects of potential therapeutics. Many studies have investigated animal models of cognitive deficits by using animals treated with compounds that compromise cognitive abilities. Glutamate, an excitatory neurotransmitter and abundantly distributed in the central nervous system is involved in memory processes through N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. The behavioural consequences of blocking the NMDA receptor provide the rationale for cognitive impairment as an animal model for the cognitive deficits associated with dementia. Authors investigated the effect of dizocilpine (MK-801), an NMDA-receptor antagonist (non-competitive) on the working memory in rats using the three-panel runway apparatus.Methods: Total 24 trained male albino rats were randomly divided into 4 groups of 6 animals each. Varying doses of MK-801 were administered to the animals. Working memory errors and latency periods were evaluated on the three panel Runway apparatus.Results: Treatment with MK-801 at the dose of 0.03mg/ kg did not result in any significant change in working memory errors or latency period in comparison to saline control. MK-801 treatment at dose of 0.1mg/kg and 0.3mg/kg resulted in a significant increase in the number of working memory errors and latency period as compared to control.Conclusions: Authors conclude that MK-801 treatment in the dose of 0.1mg/ kg and 0.3mg/kg resulted in working memory deficits on the three-panel runway apparatus. Rats with cognitive deficits induced by the prototypical N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist MK-801 may provide a relevant animal model of dementia based on the mechanistic approach of blocking NMDA/glutamatergic signalling

Density by Moduli and Statistical Boundedness

We have generalized the notion of statistical boundedness by introducing the concept of f-statistical boundedness for scalar sequences where f is an unbounded modulus. It is shown that bounded sequences are precisely those sequences which are f-statistically bounded for every unbounded modulus f. A decomposition theorem for f-statistical convergence for vector valued sequences and a structure theorem for f-statistical boundedness have also been established