Assessment of haemodynamic stability with intubating dose of intravenous rocuronium bromide versus vecuronium bromide in predominantly stenotic valvular cardiac surgery patients

Background: In the purely or predominantly mitral stenotic heart surgeries, the principal haemodynamic goals are to maintain a sinus rhythm and avoiding tachycardia. Thus rapid airway control and hemodynamic stability are vital for successful anaesthetic management of patients undergoing the cardiac surgeries. In such patients, muscle relaxants play a pivotal role for achieving good hemodynamic stability. Hence, this study was conducted to evaluate the hemodynamic stability of rocuronium bromide i.v. vecuronium bromide.Methods: The study conducted was randomized prospective double blind study in 60 adult patients (30 in each group) undergoing elective cardiac valvular surgery. Each group received either intubating dose of Rocuronium (0.6 mg/kg body weight) or intubating dose vecuronium (0.1 mg/kg body weight) intravenously after receiving sedation and analgesia. Hemodynamic parameters like heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure and central venous pressure were recorded at baseline 10 minutes after sedation /analgesia at induction, laryngoscopy and at  intubation. Any side effects during intubation were noted.Results: Intubating doses of either Rocuronium or vecuronium are not associated with any haemodynamic adverse effects. Also there were no statistically significant (p<0.05) differences between both these groups, in any of the variables at any time.Conclusions: The present study showed that Rocuronium had maintained excellent cardiovascular stability for the dose given to the patient. There was no statistically significant increase in heart rate, systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure after administration of Rocuronium as compared to vecuronium in the study.

Mesoporous Silica from Rice Husk Ash

Mesoporous silica is used as a raw material in several areas: in preparation of catalysts, in inks, as aconcrete hardening accelerator, as a component of detergents and soaps, as a refractory constituent etc.Sodium silicate is produced by reacting rice hull ash (RHA) with aqueous NaOH and silica is precipitatedfrom the sodium silicate by acidification. In the present work, conversion of about 90% of silica containedin RHA into sodium silicate was achieved in an open system at temperatures of about 100 °C. The resultsshowed that silica obtained from RHA is mesoporous, has a large surface area and small particle size.Rice Husk is usually mixed with coal and this mixture is used for firing boilers. The RHA therefore, usuallycontains carbon particles. Activated carbon embedded on silica has been prepared using the carbon alreadypresent in RHA. This carbon shows good adsorption capacity. ©2010 BCREC UNDIP. All rights reserved(Received: 25th April 2010, Revised: 17th June 2010, Accepted: 24th June 2010)[How to Cite: V.R. Shelke, S.S. Bhagade, S.A. Mandavgane. (2010). Mesoporous Silica from Rice Husk Ash. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering and Catalysis, 5 (2): 63-67. doi:10.9767/bcrec.5.2.793.63-67

Kinetics of esterification of tri-ethylene glycol-methacrylic acid reaction system

420-423Catalysis of esterification reaction of triethylene glycol and methacrylic acid has been reported. A kinetic empirical expression correlating the fractional conversion of methacrylic acid, with catalyst concentration, mole ratio (glycol to methacrylic acid) and temperature is presented for tri-ethylene glycol-methacrylic acid reaction system using methane sulphonic acid and sulphuric acid as homogenous catalyst

Selective esterification of triethylene glycol with methacrylic acid using methane sulphonic acid

324-325The esterification of tri-ethylene glycol with methacrylic acid under identical conditions of catalyst concentration, for synthesis of tri-ethylene glycol di-methacrylate using sulphuric acid and methane sulphonic acid as catalyst is discussed. The reaction by-products are lesser in case of methane sulphonic acid catalyst, in comparison to sulphuric acid catalyst. Therefore the yield of ester product, tri-ethylene glycol di-methacrylate, achieved during the synthesis is higher with the use of methane sulphonic acid as a catalyst, than on use of sulphuric acid as catalyst. This concludes that methane sulphonic acid has better catalyst selectivity in comparison to sulphuric acid, for the synthesis of tri-ethylene glycol di- methacrylate. Methane sulphonic acid when neutralized is easily bio-degradable which is also desirable from environmental point of view

Bee colony optimised mass rapid transit routing prototype

© 2016, ICE Publishing: All rights reserved. Mobility is an essential aspect for tourists visiting large cities; thus, an effective and efficient route guide for tourists to move in, around and out of the cities is needed. This research aims to develop an light rail transit (LRT)/mass rapid transit (MRT) routing prototype by applying the bee colony optimisation (BCO) and to pilot run this system to determine its functionality and workability. Through a questionnaire survey conducted among 900 LRT/MRT users in Klang Valley and data analysed using the BCO algorithm, a BCO-LRT/MRT routing prototype for Klang Valley was developed to assist tourists, especially those who are spending shopping vacations but unfamiliar with this region. With the assistance of this prototype, travellers can optimise the vacation schedule even in a very limited duration. The route determined by this prototype consumes much shorter duration than the one that the LRT/MRT users preferred. It can establish a route covering more than one destination. This prototype did not yet cover business centres, scenic spots and hotels; thus, a huge potential for the BCO-LRT-MRT prototype to upgrade is expected in a future study