Effect of Basic Promoters on Porous Supported Alumina Catalysts for Acetins Production

A facile strategy for the design of porous supports was obtained by modifying the sol-gel method followed by the wet impregnation technique. In this respect, herein, the acidity of the γ-Al2O3 phase was modulated by adding basic MgO, La2O3 or ZnO promoters to form binary supported catalysts. The Ni and Co dispersion on the supports associated with their tunable acidity and morphologies resulted in highly porous supported alumina-based catalysts. The physicochemical properties of the solids were comprehensively investigated by XRD, textural properties, Raman and FTIR spectroscopy, SEM-EDS, TEM, EPR and XPS analyses. The catalytic performances in the esterification of glycerol in the presence of acetic acid (EG) for the acetins production were evaluated. The highly dispersed NiO and Co3O4 active species on binary porous supports produced synergistic effects appearing to be the reason for the activity of the solids in the EG reaction. Under the optimized reaction conditions, NiCo/MgO-Al2O3 was found to be a robust solid with superior catalytic performance and improved stability in four reaction cycles with 65.0% of glycerol conversion with an exclusive selectivity of 53% for triacetin. The presence of Co2+/Co3+ and Ni2+ strongly interacting with the spinel γ-Al2O3 and MgAl2O4 phases, the latter having a large number of lattice oxygen species, was considered another active component besides those of Ni and Co in the esterification of glycerol.This work is supported by Funcap (Grant n° PS1-0186-00346.01.00/21). Financial assistance received from Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Junta de Andalucía and FEDER is also thankfully acknowledged for funding project n° PID2021-126235OB-C32, UMA18-FEDERJA-126 and P20_00375. Partial funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málag

Cr-Containing Rare-Earth Substituted Yttrium Iron Garnet Ferrites: Catalytic Properties in the Ethylbenzene Oxidation

A series of the Cr-containing erbium substituted yttrium iron garnet ferrites (ECYIG) was synthesized with distinct Cr amounts, herein referred to as Y3(Er0.02Fe5Cr1−x)O12, where x refers to Cr amounts from 0 to 0.05. The catalytic performance of the solids was investigated in ethylbenzene oxidation in the presence of hydrogen peroxide to assess the role of Cr and Er present in the YIG garnet lattice for fine chemistry compound production. Raman spectroscopy, HRTEM, EPR and FTIR revealed that the insertion of Er (at a fixed amount of 2%) in dodecahedral sites had a great impact on the catalytic activity of the garnets. Both Er3+ and Y3+ in the lattice simultaneously provided structural stability to the garnet structure in any harsh environment. XPS and EPR indicated that the Cr3+ ions replaced those of Fe3+ located in both octahedral and tetrahedral sites of the YIG garnets. The Cr3+ ions acted as electronic promoter to increase the oxidation rate of the Fe3+ active species responsible for activating the EB molecule. SEM-EDS demonstrated that the solids having Cr amounts lower than 4% experienced the most severe deactivation due to the Cr leaching and strong carbon species adsorption on the surface of the catalysts, which decreased their efficiency in the reaction

Caracterização da clientela atendida no Núcleo de Psicologia Aplicada da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo Profile of the clients assisted at "Núcleo de Psicologia Aplicada" (Applied Psychology Center) of the Federal University of Espírito Santo

Este artigo apresenta o perfil da clientela do Núcleo de Psicologia Aplicada da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, de acordo com as seguintes variáveis: sexo, idade, renda familiar, escolaridade, local de moradia, ocupação, motivo da consulta e forma de encaminhamento. Com base nos dados encontrados são feitas reflexões em torno da estruturação deste tipo de serviço, suas articulações com os serviços de saúde mental da rede pública e a formação de psicólogos no âmbito do Estado do Espírito Santo.<br>This article presents the profile of the clients assisted at "Núcleo de Psicologia Aplicada" of Federal University of Espírito Santo, according to the following variables: sex, age, family income, education, place of residence, occupation, reasons for consultation and types of assistance provided. Based on data obtained, some reflections are presented in regard to the organization of this kind of service, its relations with public mental health services and the professional preparation of psychologists in the state of Espírito Santo