Pneumonia granulomatosa decorrente de pitiose em quatis sul-americanos (Nasua nasua) de cativeiro

Pythiosis is an emerging infectious disease affecting captive and free-ranging wild animals. We report granulomatous pneumonia due to Pythium insidiosum in two South American coatis (Nasua nasua), who were found dead without any clinical records. Severe granulomatous pneumonia associated with pleural effusion was revealed in the necropsy. Microscopically, variably sized granulomas and pyogranulomas presented negative hyphae profiles at the periphery of their necrotic cores. Grocott methenamine silver stain highlighted these structures, and immunostain (anti- P. insidiosum) was strongly positive. Molecular analysis by polymerase chain reaction amplified P. insidiosum specific DNA. These findings characterized P. insidiosum as a cause of granulomatous pneumonia in coatis and proved that pythiosis needs to be considered in the differential diagnosis of respiratory diseases affecting this species in endemic areas.A pitiose é uma doença infecciosa emergente que afeta animais silvestres de cativeiro e em vida livre. Reportamos dois casos de pneumonia granulomatosa decorrentes da infecção por Pythium Insidiosum em quatis sul-americanos (Nasua nasua), que foram encontrados mortos sem apresentar nenhum quadro clínico prévio. Pneumonia granulomatosa severa associada a efusão pleural foi observada durante a necropsia. Na microscopia, foram observados múltiplos granulomas e piogranulomas de tamanhos variados que continham imagens negativas de hifas na periferia de seus centros necróticos. A coloração de metenamina de prata (Grocott) evidenciou estas estruturas, e a imunomarcação (anti-P. insidiosum) foi fortemente positiva. A análise molecular pela reação de polimerase em cadeia amplificou o DNA específico do P. insidiousum. Estes achados caracterizaram o P. insidiosum como a causa da pneumonia granulomatosa nos quatis e provou que a pitiose deve ser considerada um diagnostico diferencial para outras doenças respiratórias que afetam esta espécie

Partial Unilateral Radial Hemimelia in Feline

Background: Hemimelia is a rare anomaly in which one of paired bone is congenital or partially absent. The etiology may be related to genetic and/or environmental factors. Clinically is observed the angulation of the affected limb, resulting in functional limitations as angular deformity, lameness and decreased range of motion. The diagnosis is based on clinical fndings and radiographic examination that detects the complete or partial absence of the affected bone and angular deviations. We aim to report a case of a partial unilateral radial hemimelia in a feline diagnosed at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Mato Grosso (HOVET-UFMT).Case: We attended at the HOVET-UFMT a two years old, feline, female, domestic short hair, presenting as a complaint the presence of a friable mass in the oral cavity for a year and a deformity in the left forelimb since birth, showing swallowing diffculties, lameness and diffculty support. On clinical examination, we obeserved the left forelimb flexed and deviation inthe medial direction, shortening of the limb, no crepitation during handling and evident lameness. Radiographic examination in the craniocaudal and mediolateral projections of the thoracic limbs revealed the partial absence of the radius with just a trace of the proximal radial epiphysis, shortening and a marked ulnar curvature, producing a signifcant deviation of the limb in the cranial direction. To perform incisional biopsy of the mass in the oral cavity, the patient underwent general anesthesia, but died after the procedure. The animal was sent to the Veterinary Pathology department to perform the necropsy that confrmed the diagnosis of Gingivitis-Stomatitis-Pharyngitis Complex, evidencing a hyperplasia of the gingival epithelium and tongue, diffuse and severe lymphoplasmacytic inflammation of the lamina propria, multifocal hydropic degeneration of the basal layer with presence of necrotic acanthocytes and even multiple areas of ulceration. After routine necropsy, the dissection of the left forelimb was carried out in order to be observed macroscopically the anomaly and its presentation, confrming the radiographic fndings.Discussion: In this case, we could not determine the origin of the hemimelia because both environmental and genetic factors can influence the embryonic development of the limb, particularly in the period between the 16th and the 28th day after fertilization. The radial hemimelia is a serious congenital pathology and when presented bilaterally is often associated with other malformations. In this case, the malformation was presented in a partial way (the absence of a segment) only in the left forelimb. Macroscopically there were not any other abnormalities. The conservative treatment was instituted with the maintenance of the animal in smooth and soft surface to avoid the occurrence of ulcerations on the contact areas with the ground. It is concluded that the history and physical examination associated with radiological fndings were able to establish the defnitive diagnosis of the partial unilateral hemimelia of the left radius.Keywords: anomaly, absence, cat, limb

Clinical and radiographic evaluation of canine stifle joint after surgical stabilization for the treatment of cranial cruciate ligament rupture: retrospective study of three years<br>Avaliação clínica e radiográfica do joelho de cães submetidos à cirurgia para correção da ruptura do ligamento cruzado cranial: estudo retrospectivo de três anos

This study aimed a clinical and radiographic evaluation of stifle joint of dogs with up to two and a half years of postoperative correction of cranial cruciate ligament rupture. A retrospective study of three years has been done, based on the animals files treated at the Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Estadual de Londrina, underwent this surgery during the period from February 2008 to February 2011. Totalizing 28 cases and 33 stifle joints, which were performed different surgical techniques for joint stabilization. The prevalence was female, middle aged over seven years and dogs weighing over 25 kg. Eighty-two percent of the animals showed satisfactory clinical improvement, independent of surgical technique. Despite the progression of arthrosis and the persistence of discrete drawer movement in the postoperative period, no evident clinical differences were noted in relation to lameness. Lighter animals showed better prognosis. There was no evident difference between the surgical techniques in relation to the parameters evaluated in the postoperative period. <P><P> O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar clínica e radiograficamente o joelho de cães com até dois anos e meio de pós-operatório da correção da ruptura de ligamento cruzado cranial. Realizou-se um estudo retrospectivo de três anos dos prontuários dos animais atendidos no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Estadual de Londrina, submetidos a esta cirurgia no período compreendido entre fevereiro de 2008 a fevereiro de 2011. Totalizando 28 casos e 33 joelhos, nos quais foram realizadas diferentes técnicas cirúrgicas para a estabilização articular. A prevalência foi de fêmeas, média de idade superior a sete anos e cães com peso acima de 25 kg. Oitenta e dois por cento dos animais apresentaram melhora clínica satisfatória, independente da técnica cirúrgica utilizada. Apesar da progressão da artrose e da persistência de discreto movimento de gaveta no pós-operatório, não houve diferença clínica evidente com relação ao grau de claudicação. Animais mais leves apresentaram prognóstico melhor. Não ocorreu diferença significativa entre as técnicas cirúrgicas com relação aos parâmetros avaliados neste período pós-operatório

Pneumonia granulomatosa decorrente de pitiose em quatis sul-americanos (Nasua nasua) de cativeiro

Pythiosis is an emerging infectious disease affecting captive and free-ranging wild animals. We report granulomatous pneumonia due to Pythium insidiosum in two South American coatis (Nasua nasua), who were found dead without any clinical records. Severe granulomatous pneumonia associated with pleural effusion was revealed in the necropsy. Microscopically, variably sized granulomas and pyogranulomas presented negative hyphae profiles at the periphery of their necrotic cores. Grocott methenamine silver stain highlighted these structures, and immunostain (anti- P. insidiosum) was strongly positive. Molecular analysis by polymerase chain reaction amplified P. insidiosum specific DNA. These findings characterized P. insidiosum as a cause of granulomatous pneumonia in coatis and proved that pythiosis needs to be considered in the differential diagnosis of respiratory diseases affecting this species in endemic areas.A pitiose é uma doença infecciosa emergente que afeta animais silvestres de cativeiro e em vida livre. Reportamos dois casos de pneumonia granulomatosa decorrentes da infecção por Pythium Insidiosum em quatis sul-americanos (Nasua nasua), que foram encontrados mortos sem apresentar nenhum quadro clínico prévio. Pneumonia granulomatosa severa associada a efusão pleural foi observada durante a necropsia. Na microscopia, foram observados múltiplos granulomas e piogranulomas de tamanhos variados que continham imagens negativas de hifas na periferia de seus centros necróticos. A coloração de metenamina de prata (Grocott) evidenciou estas estruturas, e a imunomarcação (anti-P. insidiosum) foi fortemente positiva. A análise molecular pela reação de polimerase em cadeia amplificou o DNA específico do P. insidiousum. Estes achados caracterizaram o P. insidiosum como a causa da pneumonia granulomatosa nos quatis e provou que a pitiose deve ser considerada um diagnostico diferencial para outras doenças respiratórias que afetam esta espécie

Experimental poisoning by Niedenzuella stannea in cattle and corresponding detection of monofluoroacetate

ABSTRACT: In Brazil sodium monofluoroacetate (MFA) containing plants are represented by 16 species that belong to three principle genera: Palicourea ( Rubiaceae ), Amorimia ( Malpighiaceae ), and Tanaecium ( Bignoniaceae ). These plants can cause acute cardiac failure often referred to as sudden death syndrome. The objective of this paper was to determine if N. stannea contains MFA and to report the clinical signs and pathology of cattle experimentally poisoned by this plant. MFA was detected in all N. stannea plant parts except mature leaves. Niedenzuella stannea was dosed to cattle at single doses of 15-30g kg-1 bw. Clinical signs and pathology observed were similar to those reported by other MFA-containing plants. Animals showed marked tachycardia, labored breathing, muscle tremors, loss of balance, ataxia, falling, recumbence, pedaling movements, and opisthotonous leading to death in few minutes. Gross lesions included engorgement of the large veins, severe lung edema, and petechiae , ecchymosis and suffusions in the pericardium, epicardium and pleura. Histologically, hydropic vacuolar degeneration and necrosis of epithelial cells of the kidney were observed. Cattle that received daily doses of 4g kg-1 body weight for 24 days showed no clinical signs. In summary, this is the first report that N. stannea contains monofluoroacetate and causes sudden death in cattle