Vehiculation of methyl salicylate from microcapsules supported on textile matrix

In recent years, textile industries have focused their attention on the development of functional finishing that presents durability and, consequently, controlled release. However, in the case of methyl salicylate microcapsules supported on a textile matrix, studies indicate only the interactions between substrate and microcapsules and the drug delivery system, not applying the release equations. This study reports the mechanism and kinetics of controlled release of microcapsules of gelatin and gum Arabic containing methyl salicylate as active ingredient incorporated into textile matrices. According to the results presented, it was possible to verify that the wall materials participated in the coacervation process, resulting in microcapsules with well-defined geometry, besides promoting the increase of the thermal stability of the active principle. The samples (100% cotton, CO, and 100% polyamide, PA) functionalized with microcapsules released methyl salicylate in a controlled manner, based on the adjustment made by the Korsmeyer–Peppas model, indicating a Fickian mechanism. The influence of temperature was noticeable when the samples were subjected to washing, since with higher temperature (50 °C), the release was more pronounced than when subjected to lower temperature (37 °C). The results presented in this study indicate that the mechanism of backbone release is influenced by the textile matrix and by the durability of the microcapsule during the wash cyclesThis work is supported by Project UID/CTM/00264/2019 of 2C2T – Centro de Ciência e Tecnologia Têxtil, funded by National Founds through FCT/MCTES

Preparation and characterization of gelatin/arabic gum microcapsules containing methyl salicylate deposited onto a cotton fabric

A técnica de microencapsulação vem chamando a atenção de diversos pesquisadores nos últimos anos por ser uma técnica eficiente na captura física de substâncias ativas que apresentam sensibilidade a agentes externos, o que possibilita obter uma liberação sustentada destas substâncias. Dentro deste contexto, a tendência pela mistura de polímeros tem se mostrado eficaz e promissora devido as altas cargas alcançáveis de microencapsulação, técnica esta denominada por coacervação complexa. Parâmetros da interação entre os biopolímeros Gelatina e a Goma Arábica são amplamente estudados para a formação da parede das microcápsulas, sendo o pH o parâmetro mais crítico do processo. A tecnologia da microencapsulação tem sido aplicada em diferentes segmentos industriais, dentre eles na indústria têxtil, que tem se destacado para desenvolver acabamentos e propriedades diferenciadas. Com base nisso, o presente trabalho avaliou os efeitos da complexação do Salicilato de Metila, utilizando como materiais de parede a gelatina e a goma arábica e a impregnação do acabamento em malha 100% algodão.COMPETE -Programa Operacional Temático Factores de Competitividade(POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007136)info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Controlled release of microencapsulated citronella essential oil on cotton and polyester matrices

Microencapsulated finishes are an important element in the development of new textiles. In this context, a large area to be explored is microencapsulation of essential oils in textiles. This technique offers the possibility of developing new products with many advantages over traditional fabrics, as traditional finishing may be ineffective for reasons related to uncontrolled release of the active principle while microencapsulation aims to achieve increased duration of the finishing effect. However, many studies present only the application of microcapsules in a textile but do not report how the release of the encapsulated material occurs or the influence of the textile matrix. This paper reports the mechanism and kinetics of controlled release of microencapsulated citronella oil in cotton and polyester. The microencapsulation was done by complex coacervation with gelatin and gum Arabic as shell materials. The resulting microcapsules were analyzed by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and dynamic light scattering. They were then applied in cotton and polyester and evaluated by attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Finally, the controlled release of citronella from the microcapsules deposited on the fabrics was studied in vitro. It was found that the release was directly influenced by the type of fiber: the microcapsules in polyester showed diffusion by a Fickian mechanism, while a non-Fickian kinetic model fit for the modified cotton. Comprehension of such controlled release processes is fundamental for achieving and developing more durable finishing effectsPostprint (author's final draft

Controlled release of microencapsulated citronella essential oil on cotton and polyester matrices

Microencapsulated finishes are an important element in the development of new textiles. In this context, a large area to be explored is microencapsulation of essential oils in textiles. This technique offers the possibility of developing new products with many advantages over traditional fabrics, as traditional finishing may be ineffective for reasons related to uncontrolled release of the active principle while microencapsulation aims to achieve increased duration of the finishing effect. However, many studies present only the application of microcapsules in a textile but do not report how the release of the encapsulated material occurs or the influence of the textile matrix. This paper reports the mechanism and kinetics of controlled release of microencapsulated citronella oil in cotton and polyester. The microencapsulation was done by complex coacervation with gelatin and gum Arabic as shell materials. The resulting microcapsules were analyzed by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and dynamic light scattering. They were then applied in cotton and polyester and evaluated by attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Finally, the controlled release of citronella from the microcapsules deposited on the fabrics was studied in vitro. It was found that the release was directly influenced by the type of fiber: the microcapsules in polyester showed diffusion by a Fickian mechanism, while a non-Fickian kinetic model fit for the modified cotton. Comprehension of such controlled release processes is fundamental for achieving and developing more durable finishing effect

Aplicaçao de microesferas para desenvolvimiento de novos acabamentos têxteis

A microencapsuldao é uma técnica muito utilizada por diversas indústrias e consiste em prender princípios ativos, aromas, fármacos, cosméticos e outros, em estruturas, que os liberaráo de maneira dosada e prolongada, de acordo com a aplicaçáo. A obtençáo das mlcrocápsulas é feita das mais diversas formas, utilizando matri:zes e princípios ativos que sejam compatíveis tanto fisicamente quanto quimicamente. .A utilizaçao das microcápsulas na área téxtil é vista como um avanço na área de acabamento e possível soluçáo para uma nova integraçáo entre corpo e substrato textilPostprint (published version

Application of Lavender-Oil Microcapsules to Functionalized PET Fibers

Surface treatments for textile substrates have received significant attention from researchers around the world. Ozone and plasma treatments trigger a series of surface alterations in textile substrates that can improve the anchoring of other molecules or particles on these substrates. This work aims to evaluate the effect of ozone and plasma treatments on the impregnation of polymeric microcapsules containing lavender oil in polyester fabrics (PES). Microcapsules with walls of chitosan and gum arabic were prepared by complex coacervation and impregnated in PES, plasma-treated PES, and ozone-treated PES by padding. The microcapsules were characterized for their size and morphology and the surface-treated PES was evaluated by FTIR, TGA, SEM, and lavender release. The microcapsules were spherical in shape, with smooth surfaces. The FTIR analyses of the textile substrates with microcapsules showed bands referring to the polymers of the microcapsules, but not to the lavender; this was most likely because the smooth surface of the outer wall did not retain the lavender. The mass loss and the degradation temperatures measured by TGA were similar for all the ozone-treated and plasma-treated polyester samples. In the SEM images, spherical microcapsules and the impregnation of the microcapsules of larger sizes were perceived. Through the lavender release, it was observed that the plasma and ozone treatments interfered both with the amount of lavender delivered and with the control of the delivery

ß-Cyclodextrin-modified cotton fabric for medical and hospital applications with photodynamic antibacterial activity using methylene blue

The use of cyclodextrins in textiles for the development of biofunctional fabrics represents an interesting alternative for the advancement of dental, medical, and hospital materials. Cyclodextrins can interact with the chemical groups present in cotton fibers, leading to the formation of a nanostructured surface with specific functional properties, including antibacterial activity. Although there are numerous antibacterial textile finishes, the use of methylene blue as a cyclodextrin host molecule for photodynamic applications in textile materials remains to be investigated. This is because methylene blue is a photosensitive dye capable of generating singlet oxygen (1O2) when illuminated, which inactivates the pathogenic microorganisms that may be present in wounds. The objective of this study was to develop a biofunctionalized and photoactivatable cotton fabric with antimicrobial properties for use in the cosmetic or medical industries. The materials obtained were characterized via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with attenuated total reflection (FTIR-ATR), the determination of cotton fabric functionalization dyeing variables, colorimetry, UV-VIS spectrophotometry, degradation of 9,10-anthracenediyl-bis(methylene)dimalonic acid (ABDA), photodegradation tests, and microbiological analysis. The results showed that the textile was functionalized with ß-cyclodextrin, mainly evidenced by the appearance of the band at 1730 cm-1, indicating the formation of the ester group. Thus, when exposed to light, the non-functionalized material showed greater photobleaching, about 60%, compared to the material treated with cyclodextrin. This result was also reflected in the ABDA degradation kinetics, with the treated material showing 592.00% (first phase) and 966.20% (second phase) higher degradation than the untreated sample. Finally, the photodynamic activity was determined based on the antimicrobial properties of the textile, showing a reduction of more than 99% without exposure to light and 100% when exposed to light. It is believed that this study could open avenues for future research and the development of antimicrobial fabrics, as well as demonstrate the efficiency of the treatment with cyclodextrin in relation to photobleachingThis research was funded by CNPq—Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, process number 420280/2023-5 (A.L.T.) and 201166/2024-0 (F.M.B)Objectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::6 - Aigua Neta i SanejamentObjectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::9 - Indústria, Innovació i InfraestructuraObjectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::9 - Indústria, Innovació i Infraestructura::9.5 - Augmentar la investigació científica i millorar la capacitat tecnològica dels sectors industrials de tots els països, en particular els països en desenvolupament, entre d’altres maneres fomentant la innovació i augmentant substancialment, d’aquí al 2030, el nombre de persones que treballen en el camp de la investigació i el desenvolupa­ment per cada milió d’habitants, així com la despesa en investigació i desenvolupament dels sectors públic i privatPostprint (published version