COLLABORATION, ORGANISATION : L’IMPACT DU NUMÉRIQUE

International audiencerhion (Observatoire des organisations et des ressources humaines sous l’impact opérationnel du numérique), créé fin 2009 à la Bibliothèque nationale de France, s’est donné pour mission d’observer et d’analyser la mise en place des grands projets numériques à la BnF (numérisation de masse, DL web, Spar – préservation du numérique) et de contribuer à la définition de la collection numérique. Rassemblant des cadres opérationnels, Orhion s’est concentré sur les projets numériques et leur mise en place, avant de s’intéresser aux métiers et leurs évolutions dans un contexte numérique (signalement et magasinage numérique). Orhion travaille actuellement sur les rôles transverses.Orhion propose ici un état des lieux de ses observations autour de deux axes principaux :la mise en œuvre des projets en transversalité à la BnF, ses liens à l’organisation hiérarchique en place et avec l’organisation concrète et élargie que cela nécessite ;l’impact sur les identités professionnelles qui en découle au travers des études sur le signalement et le magasinage numérique

Immunodepression and Immunosuppression During Aging

International audienc

IIAC – Laboratoire d’anthropologie des institutions et organisations sociales (LAIOS)

Irène Bellier, Barbara Glowczewski, directrices de recherche au CNRSMarie Salaün, maître de conférences à l’Université Paris-V/Descartes Images et politiques de l’autochtonie : territoires et mouvements Nous avons retenu la thématique du rapport au territoire pour évoquer les mouvements de résistance ou d’affirmation de soi de communautés qui se reconnaissent comme autochtones/indigènes. Pour aborder cette question de l’« autochtonie », nous nous référons aux travaux des Nations Unies et du m..

IIAC – Laboratoire d’anthropologie des institutions et organisations sociales (LAIOS)

Irène Bellier, Barbara Glowczewski, directrices de recherche au CNRSMarie Salaün, maître de conférences à l’Université Paris-V/Descartes Images et politiques de l’autochtonie : territoires et mouvements Le séminaire a choisi pour sa troisième année d’aborder la problématique de la transmission, par voie documentaire ou fictionnelle, de ce qui construit l’être au monde autochtone. Ce séminaire, qui attire régulièrement entre trente et cinquante personnes, est un lieu de réflexion aussi bien su..

Replication-competent Vectors and Empty Virus-like Particles: New Retroviral Vector Designs for Cancer Gene Therapy or Vaccines

Replication-defective vectors based on murine oncoretroviruses were the first gene transfer vectors to be used in successful gene therapies. Despite this achievement, they have two major drawbacks: insufficient efficacy for in vivo gene transfer and insertional mutagenesis. Attempts to overcome these problems have led to two retroviral vector designs of principally opposite character: replication-competent vectors transducing largely intact genomes and genome-free vectors. Replication-competent retroviral vectors have achieved dramatically improved efficacy for in vivo cancer gene therapy and genome-free retroviral vectors expressing different kinds of antigens have proven excellent as immunogens. Current developments aim to improve the safety of the replication-competent vectors and to augment the production efficiency of the genome-free vectors by expression from heterologous viral or non-viral vectors. Together with the continuous advances of classical defective retroviral vectors for ex vivo gene therapy, these developments illustrate that, due to their tremendous design versatility, retroviral vectors remain important vectors for gene therapy applications

Similar length of colon is removed regardless of localization in right-sided colonic cancer surgery

International audienceBACKGROUND:Colorectal cancers represent a heterogenous group of tumours. While left segmental colectomy is an accepted and oncologically safe practice for left-sided colonic cancer (CC), some authors suggest that limited segmental resection of right-sided cancer should be debated in order to preserve length of the resected colon. To our knowledge, caecum and ascending CC have not been analysed as different groups of tumours. The objective of this study was to assess if, retrospectively, surgical treatment of caecal cancer differed from ascending CC.METHODS:A review of all consecutive patients with right colonic resection for cancer admitted to the University hospital of Grenoble from January 2005 to August 2016 was performed. Length of resected colon was compared between caecal primary and ascending CC. Other technical and pathological aspects were analysed such as minimal invasive surgery and number of harvested lymph nodes from anatomic specimens.RESULTS:Among operated patients, tumour was localized pre-operatively on caecum in 110 cases and on the right ascending colon in 119 cases. Pre-operative localization had no effect on resected colon length (mean 24.5 cm, 24 ± 10.34 versus 25 cm ± 7.28, P = 0.95), on the number of harvested lymph nodes with a mean of 15 (±7.6) nodes in the caecal group versus 15.2 (±7.3) (P = 0.72). We noticed 15 cases of discordance between pre- and post-operative localization (4 versus 11, P = 0.08).CONCLUSION:Length of resected colon does not differ depending on localization of tumour in our center

A Thermostable Oral SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Induces Mucosal and Protective Immunity

An ideal protective vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 should not only be effective in preventing disease, but also in preventing virus transmission. It should also be well accepted by the population and have a simple logistic chain. To fulfill these criteria, we developed a thermostable, orally administered vaccine that can induce a robust mucosal neutralizing immune response. We used our platform based on retrovirus-derived enveloped virus-like particles (eVLPs) harnessed with variable surface proteins (VSPs) from the intestinal parasite Giardia lamblia, affording them resistance to degradation and the triggering of robust mucosal cellular and antibody immune responses after oral administration. We made eVLPs expressing various forms of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein (S), with or without membrane protein (M) expression. We found that prime-boost administration of VSP-decorated eVLPs expressing a pre-fusion stabilized form of S and M triggers robust mucosal responses against SARS-CoV-2 in mice and hamsters, which translate into complete protection from a viral challenge. Moreover, they dramatically boosted the IgA mucosal response of intramuscularly injected vaccines. We conclude that our thermostable orally administered eVLP vaccine could be a valuable addition to the current arsenal against SARS-CoV-2, in a stand-alone prime-boost vaccination strategy or as a boost for existing vaccines.Fil: Bellier, Bertrand. Sorbonne Université. INSERM. UMRS 959. Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy; FranciaFil: Saura, Alicia. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. CONICET. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Inmunología y Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIDIE); ArgentinaFil: Saura, Alicia. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud; ArgentinaFil: Luján, Lucas A. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. CONICET. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Inmunología y Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIDIE); ArgentinaFil: Luján, Lucas A. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud; ArgentinaFil: Molina, Cecilia R. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. CONICET. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Inmunología y Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIDIE); ArgentinaFil: Molina, Cecilia R. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud; ArgentinaFil: Luján, Hugo Daniel. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. CONICET. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Inmunología y Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIDIE); ArgentinaFil: Luján, Hugo Daniel. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud; ArgentinaFil: Klatzmann, David. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. CONICET. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Inmunología y Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIDIE); ArgentinaFil: Klatzmann, David. AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière. Clinical Investigation Center for Biotherapies (CIC-BTi) and Immunology-Inflammation-Infectiology and Dermatology Department (3iD); Franci