Quantum Electrodynamics and Relativistic Corrections of the g-factor and hyper fine structure splitting in Li- and B-like ions

The investigations in the field of the quantum computer brings the importance of the understanding of the Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) properties of particles to the front line. By the various techniques of molecular cooling and trapping we remove the kinetics characteristics of the system. Thus, when the particle is trapped and doesn’t perform any movement we can test the physical characteristics such as total electronic energies of atoms and ions, energies of optical and X-ray transitions, hyperfine splitting constants that show the energy levels splitting, g-factors of bound electrons, that describe the magnetic and angular momentum of a particle, isotopic shifts, probabilities of electrical and magnetic transitions in atoms etc. The objective of this thesis is the high precision calculations of G-factor and Hyperfine structure splitting of different elements. By considering the existing results and literature, we perform the high accuracy calculations on H-like (one electron and nucleus), Li-like(three electrons orbiting nucleus) and B-like(five electrons orbiting nucleus) elements. Moreover working closely with experimental groups we perform calculations on lanthanide atoms. For these type of calculations, different type of contributions are to be taken into account, including correlation, relativistic, quantum electrodynamic, higher radiative corrections, and the contribution of the negative Dirac spectrum. It is also necessary to calculate the corrections arising from the the electric charge distribution and nucleus magnetic moment. We propose the approximate radiative single-particle potential that significantly improves the high-accuracy of the non empirical calculations of the QED corrections for calculating the electronic structure of atoms and molecules. In conjunction with the experimental measurements and fits, using the Multi Configurational Dirac-Fock-Sturm method (MCDFS), we have executed the extensive high-precision calculation for the electronic structure calculations of one of the lanthanide atoms, the Er. The interest of these calculations is explained in their multiple unpaired valence electrons, that have rich atomic energy spectra and exhibit various types of coupling between the electronic angular momentum J and the nuclear spin I of the atom. These calculations allowed us to obtain the magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole constants for the only stable fermionic isotope, 167Er and thus explain the theory behind the experiment of the laser cooling transitions. We then do various calculations to improve existing results for the determina- tion of the fine-structure constant. The approach of the calculations by the MCDFS method has been proposed for the calculations for the specific weighted differences of the g-factors of H-and Li-like ions of the same element. An accurate formula was obtained for the weight parameter, determined by requiring cancellation of the non- relativistic finite nuclear size corrections to various orders. We then demonstrated that weighted differences can be used for an effective cancellation of nuclear struc- tural effects. This independent scheme may be used to extract the fine-structure constant from a comparison of experimental and theoretical bound-electron g-factors with an accuracy improvement by orders of magnitude. The future prospect of the calculations for the many-electron systems like B-like particles are also outlined

Proper nutrition as the foundation of a healthy lifestyle

The article is devoted to the topic of rational use of food and its role in the body's system. From ancient times, formed the fact, healthy diet our immune system strong and able to resist diseases. In today's world it is especially important to eat right. There are many reasons, in the form of supplements that can harm our health, and some of them are deadly. We have compiled simple to use set of rules required to maintain the balance of our digestive systemСтатья посвящена теме рационального употребления пищи и его роли в системе организма. Из давних времен сложился факт, благодаря здоровому питанию наша иммунная система крепка и способна противостоять болезням. В современном мире особенно важно правильно питаться. Есть масса причин, в виде пищевых добавок, которые могут вредить нашему здоровью, а некоторые из них представляют смертельную опасность. Мы составили простейший в применении ряд правил, необходимых для поддержания баланса нашей пищеварительной систем

Image of the teacher of additional education as a condition for success of his professional activity

В статье обосновано, что имидж как интегративное качество личности является условием успешности профессиональной деятельности педагога дополнительного образования: выявлены проблемные зоны и определены направления совершенствования имиджа.The article justifies that image as an integrative quality of the personality is a condition for success of the professional activity of the teacher of additional education: we identify problem zones and directions for image improving

Revisiting Reconstruction of the Early Nomadic Social Structure: Children’s Burials (Southern Urals, 6th – 3rd Centuries BC)

The study concerns the children as one of the social and demographic age groups that formed the early nomads‘ social structure. Burials of two chronological periods were studied: Sauromatian (late 6th – first half of 5th centuries BC) and Early Sarmatian (late 5th – 3rd centuries BC). The basis of the study was the materials of 26 kurgan burial grounds that contained anthropological identifications. The sample consisted of 139 individuals‘ remains from 125 grave pits. Then, an analysis of the grave goods was carried out according to the following age categories: 1) younger children’s age group (from birth to 2 years); 2) older children’s age group (from 2 to 10 years old); 3) “teenagers” (from 10 to 15 years old). The study has demonstrated that the Sauromatian sample was characterized by a small number of buried infants and toddlers; the bulk of the buried children were from 2 to 15 years old, and the group of “teenagers” was quite significant. The Early Sarmatian sample, on the contrary, demonstrated a significant number of infants among the deceased children, the number of burials of children from 2 to 10 years of age just slightly exceeded the number of infants. The group of “teenagers” was relatively small. The distribution of grave goods according to age groups in the Sauromatian and Early Sarmatian samples cannot be compared due to the small number of Sauromatian burials with the determination of the age-at-death. In general, in the Sauromatian burials, gender-linked items appeared only from adolescence (after 10 years). In the early Sarmatian sample, two main socially significant age groups of children were distinguished: from 0 to 5 years and from 5 to 15 years old. The first is characterized by the absolute predominance of gender-neutral accompanying grave goods and a high proportion of burials without surviving artefacts. The second group reflects the process of gender and age socialization

Mechanisms of Postsynthesis Doping of Boron Nitride Nanostructures with Carbon from First-Principles Simulations

Electron-beam-mediated postsynthesis doping of boron-nitride nanostructures with carbon atoms [Nature (London) 464, 571 (2010); J. Am. Chem. Soc. 132, 13 692 (2010)] was recently demonstrated, thus opening a new way to control the electronic properties of these systems. Using density-functional theory static and dynamic calculations, we show that the substitution process is governed not only by the response of such systems to irradiation, but also by the energetics of the atomic configurations, especially when the system is electrically charged. We suggest using spatially localized electron irradiation for making carbon islands and ribbons embedded into BN sheets. We further study the magnetic and electronic properties of such hybrid nanostructures and show that triangular carbon islands embedded into BN sheets possess magnetic moments, which can be switched on and off by electrically charging the structure.Peer reviewe

Charged Point Defects in the Flatland: Accurate Formation Energy Calculations in Two-Dimensional Materials

Impurities and defects frequently govern materials properties, with the most prominent example being the doping of bulk semiconductors where a minute amount of foreign atoms can be responsible for the operation of the electronic devices. Several computational schemes based on a supercell approach have been developed to get insights into types and equilibrium concentrations of point defects, which successfully work in bulk materials. Here, we show that many of these schemes cannot directly be applied to two-dimensional (2D) systems, as formation energies of charged point defects are dominated by large spurious electrostatic interactions between defects in inhomogeneous environments. We suggest two approaches that solve this problem and give accurate formation energies of charged defects in 2D systems in the dilute limit. Our methods, which are applicable to all kinds of charged defects in any 2D system, are benchmarked for impurities in technologically important h-BN and MoS2 2D materials, and they are found to perform equally well for substitutional and adatom impurities.Peer reviewe

THE ANALYSIS OF CIRCULATING ENDOTHELIOCYTES IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD AT PATIENTS WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME FROM KHAKASSIA

Цель. Оценить вклад эндотелиальной дисфункции у пациентов с метаболическим синдромом.Материалы и методы. Обследовано 183 пациента в возрасте от 25 до 65 лет, которые были рандоминизированы на 2 группы. В первую группу вошли 60 практически здоровых лиц, во вторую группу – 123 пациента с метаболическим синдромом.Метаболический синдром диагностировали по критериям ВНОК (2009). Критериями исключения из исследования являлись: тяжелые соматические, онкологические, гематологические, психические заболевания.Статистическая обработка результатов исследования проводилась с использованием пакета статистических программ «StatPlus».Результаты. Выявлена эндотелиальная дисфункция, различия биохимических показателей, характеризующих компоненты метаболического синдрома (нарушения углеводного и липидного обмена), особенности антропометрических показателей у хакасов и европеоидов. Новым является оценка количества циркулирующих эндотелиоцитов периферической крови.Заключение. Таким образом, эндотелиальная дисфункция является важным механизмом в патогенезе, формирующим межкомпонентные взаимосвязи и особенности метаболического синдрома у хакасов и европеоидовBackground: The role of endothelial dysfunction in patients with metabolic syndrome was investigated.Materials and methods: The study involved 183 patients aged 25 to 65 who which consist of 2 groups. The first group included 60 healthy subjects, in the second group – 123 patients with metabolic syndrome.Diagnosis of metabolic syndrome performed by recommendation ASSC (2008). The exclusion criteria from study was heavy somatic, oncological, hematological and mental diseases. Statistical analysis was performed using the application package StatPlus.Results: the endothelial dysfunction, differences of biochemical analysis was observed in all groups of patient with metabolic syndrome. So differences were established in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. The features anthropometric indicators were identified at study of Khakas’s and Europeoid’s patients. New data was the amount circulation of endothelial cells in peripheral blood.Conclusion: thus, endothelial dysfunction is important mechanism of pathogenesis. It is forming inter component relationship and features of metabolic syndrome genesis from Khakas‘s and Europeoid’s patient

THE CUT-OFF POINTS OF WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE FOR DETERMINATION OF RISK OF METABOLIC SYNDROME AMONG MALES AND FEMALES IN REPUBLIC OF KHAKASSIA

Цель исследования – определить пороговые значения окружности талии для идентификации метаболического синдрома среди населения Республики Хакасия.Материал и методы. Обследовано 300 пациентов с метаболическим синдромом (50 (42–54) лет). Группу контроля составили 100 здоровых доноров (43 (36–47) лет). Обследованные были представлены 2 группами – хакасами и европеоидами, проживающими в Республике Хакасия.Включение пациентов в исследование осуществлялось с учетом критериев метаболического синдрома JIS (2009). Оценивали антропометрические показатели, артериальное давление, уровни холестерина, липопротеинов высокой и низкой плотности, триглицеридов, гликемии натощак. Статистическую обработку результатов исследования проводили с использованием пакета «BioStat».Результаты. В ходе исследования получены результаты порогового значения окружности талии для идентификации метаболического синдрома. Для определения метаболического синдрома у женщин хакасок точка разделения Cut-off составила 74 см (Se – 98,8%, Sp – 93,75%), площадь под кривой AUC – 0,99, у женщин-европеоидок – 84 см (Se – 100%, Sp – 100%), площадь под кривой AUC – 0,97. Пороговое значение окружности талии для мужчин хакасов с метаболическим синдромом составило 92 см (Se – 100%, Sp – 100%), площадь под кривой AUC – 1,0, у мужчин-европеоидов – 96 см (Se – 100%, Sp – 100%), площадь под кривой AUC – 0,99.Заключение. Таким образом, у пациентов с компонентами метаболического синдрома были определены пороговые значения окружности талии для идентификации метаболического синдрома. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о наличии этнических различий в патогенезе метаболических нарушений у мужчин и женщин Республики Хакасия.Background. The aim of this study was to determine the cut-off points of waist circumference for identification of metabolic syndrome among populations by the Republic of Khakassia.Materials and methods. 300 patients with metabolic syndrome (aged 50 (42–54) years) were investigated. The control group was of 100 healthy donors (43 (36–47) years). All participants were presented by 2 groups – populations of Khakas and Caucasian has been lived in the Republic of Khakassia.The patients who had components of metabolic syndrome by recommendation JIS (2009) were included to research. In the study were evaluated anthropometric characteristics, blood pressure, cholesterine, cholesterol, high-density and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose levels. Statistical analysis was performed using the application package «BioStat».Results: Our analysis revealed that cut-off values of waist circumference for identification of metabolic syndrome in females Khakas with metabolic syndrome consist of cut-off values of 74 cm (Se – 98,8%, Sp – 93,75%), area under the curve AUC – 0,99, in females Caucasian - 84 cm (Se – 100%, Sp – 100%), area under the curve AUC – 0,97. Сut-off values of cut-off values of waist circumference in males Khakas with metabolic syndrome consist of 92 cm (Se – 100%, Sp – 100%), area under the curve AUC – 1,0, in males Caucasian – 96 cm (Se – 100%, Sp – 100%), area under the curve AUC – 0,99.Conclusion: thus, from patients with components of metabolic syndrome have been determined cut-off values of waist circumference for identification of metabolic syndrome. The findings showed are ethnic features of pathogenesis of metabolic disorders from males and females in Republic of Khakassia