CRFM Consultancy Report on Review of Existing Policy, Legal and Institutional Arrangements for Governance and Management of Flyingfish Fisheries in the Caribbean Large Marine Ecosystem

Many of the marine resources in the Caribbean are considered to be fully or overexploited. A Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis identified three priority transboundary problems that affect the CLME: unsustainable exploitation of fish and other living resources, the degradation and modification of natural habitats, pollution and contamination. The fourwing flyingfish fishery is the single most important small pelagic fishery in the southern Lesser Antilles. It is a shared resource, which has been traditionally exploited by seven different States, i.e. Barbados, Dominica, Grenada, Martinique, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and Trinidad and Tobago. With expanding fleet capacity and limited cooperation among the States exploiting the flyingfish, there is concern that the resource may become overfished. While the flyingfish fishery is a directed fishery, it is at the same time part of a multi-species, multi-gear fishery, which also targets regional large pelagic species.This case study identifies and analyses the priority transboundary problems and issues. The policy, legal and institutional reforms needed to address such transboundary issues and achieve long-term conservation and sustainable use of the resources are also identified. A major and necessary component of the case study is an evaluation of the existing policy cycles and linkages among the countries and institutions involved with the flyingfish fishery

Democratic Norms And Regional Stability Panel Deiscussion: An Introduction

The following three brief articles raise and address fundamental questions about the role of democracy at the regional and international levels. They examine the current status of democracy and the suggested right to democracy at international law, particularly in the Americas context. Developed from papers presented at a panel entitled Democratic Norms and Regional Stability: Global Challenges and Responses in the Americas, these three pieces examine the current role of democracy in the region, including the role of the Inter-American Democratic Charter. The latter document, paralleled by provisions in the Charter of the Organization of American States and resolutions of the Summit of the Americas process, allows the Organization of American States (OAS) to decide whether a national political transition is democratic or non-democratic. Such heightened regional support for the protection of democracy is exciting. But the suitability of third party decisions regarding national political transitions remains controversial. As can be imagined, the idea of a regional organization passing judgment on the nature of a state\u27s fundamental political processes-with the possibility of imposing sanctions-may be worrisome for more than dictators. As suggested by the articles that follow, the question of whether there exists an unconstitutional alteration of the constitutional regime that seriously impairs the democratic order in a member state, is more difficult, and at times more problematic, than one might expect

Non-Democratic Transitions: Reactions Of The OAS And Caricom To Aristide\u27s Departure

In the last 25 years, however, the Member States of the Organization of American States have allowed democracy to play an even stronger role in the operation of the Organization. Several resolutions, declarations, and an amendment to the OAS Charter have made a non-democratic transition of government a ground for suspension of a Member State\u27s right to participate in either the Organization of American States or Summit of the Americas. This process started with Resolution 1080 on Representative Democracy in 1991, and was further grounded and developed in the Protocol of Washington of 1992, the Declaration of Quebec City of 2001, and the Inter-American Democratic Charter of 2001. Through these acts the states of the Americas have accepted that unconstitutional alterations or disruptions of their democratic orders may provide the grounds for intense scrutiny, and perhaps intervention, by the OAS or the Summit of the Americas. Further, this scrutiny may in turn result in suspension of their rights to participate in those bodies. This paper briefly examines the practical implications of such democratic procedures in the Americas. It suggests that despite the availability of these potentially robust checks on non-democratic transitions, their meaningful implementation remains problematic. Focusing on the legal actions taken by the Organization of American States and the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) in response to the departure of Jean-Bertrand Aristide from Haiti in late February 2004, this paper suggests that regional organizations in the Americas and Caribbean continue to face both substantive and procedural challenges in their implementation of the right to democracy of the peoples of the Americas

Assessing the performance of protective winter covers for outdoor marble statuary: pilot investigation

Outdoor statuary in gardens and parks in temperate climates has a tradition of being covered during the winter, to protect against external conditions. There has been little scientific study of the environmental protection that different types of covers provide. This paper examines environmental conditions provided by a range of covers used to protect marble statuary at three sites in the UK. The protection required depends upon the condition of the marble. Although statues closely wrapped and with a layer of insulation provide good protection, this needs to be considered against the potential physical damage of close wrapping a fragile deteriorated surface

David Berry

Topics covered are meeting his spouse Susan Merritt, Class of 1975, close faculty mentors, athletics and campus traditions. Mr. Berry also speaks frankly about his experiences at IWU as a person of faith

Automated reduction of submillimetre single-dish heterodyne data from the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope using ORAC-DR

With the advent of modern multi-detector heterodyne instruments that can result in observations generating thousands of spectra per minute it is no longer feasible to reduce these data as individual spectra. We describe the automated data reduction procedure used to generate baselined data cubes from heterodyne data obtained at the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope. The system can automatically detect baseline regions in spectra and automatically determine regridding parameters, all without input from a user. Additionally it can detect and remove spectra suffering from transient interference effects or anomalous baselines. The pipeline is written as a set of recipes using the ORAC-DR pipeline environment with the algorithmic code using Starlink software packages and infrastructure. The algorithms presented here can be applied to other heterodyne array instruments and have been applied to data from historical JCMT heterodyne instrumentation.Comment: 18 pages, 13 figures, submitted to Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Societ

Phase changes in selected Lennard-Jones X_{13-n}Y_n clusters

Detailed studies of the thermodynamic properties of selected binary Lennard-Jones clusters of the type X_{13-n}Y_n (where n=1,2,3) are presented. The total energy, heat capacity and first derivative of the heat capacity as a function of temperature are calculated by using the classical and path integral Monte Carlo methods combined with the parallel tempering technique. A modification in the phase change phenomena from the presence of impurity atoms and quantum effects is investigated.Comment: 14 pages, 13 figures. submitted to J. Chem. Phy

Major features and forcing of high‐latitude northern hemisphere atmospheric circulation using a 110,000‐year‐long glaciochemical series

The Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 glaciochemical series (sodium, potassium, ammonium, calcium, magnesium, sulfate, nitrate, and chloride) provides a unique view of the chemistry of the atmosphere and the history of atmospheric circulation over both the high latitudes and mid‐low latitudes of the northern hemisphere. Interpretation of this record reveals a diverse array of environmental signatures that include the documentation of anthropogenically derived pollutants, volcanic and biomass burning events, storminess over marine surfaces, continental aridity and biogenic source strength plus information related to the controls on both high‐ and low‐frequency climate events of the last 110,000 years. Climate forcings investigated include changes in insolation of the order of the major orbital cycles that control the long‐term behavior of atmospheric circulation patterns through changes in ice volume (sea level), events such as the Heinrich events (massive discharges of icebergs first identified in the marine record) that are found to operate on a 6100‐year cycle due largely to the lagged response of ice sheets to changes in insolation and consequent glacier dynamics, and rapid climate change events (massive reorganizations of atmospheric circulation) that are demonstrated to operate on 1450‐year cycles. Changes in insolation and associated positive feedbacks related to ice sheets may assist in explaining favorable time periods and controls on the amplitude of massive rapid climate change events. Explanation for the exact timing and global synchroneity of these events is, however, more complicated. Preliminary evidence points to possible solar variability‐climate associations for these events and perhaps others that are embedded in our ice‐core‐derived atmospheric circulation records

Experimental Implementation of the Quantum Baker's Map

This paper reports on the experimental implementation of the quantum baker's map via a three bit nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) quantum information processor. The experiments tested the sensitivity of the quantum chaotic map to perturbations. In the first experiment, the map was iterated forward and then backwards to provide benchmarks for intrinsic errors and decoherence. In the second set of experiments, the least significant qubit was perturbed in between the iterations to test the sensitivity of the quantum chaotic map to applied perturbations. These experiments are used to investigate previous predicted properties of quantum chaotic dynamics.Comment: submitted to PR

"Workers of the World, Embrace!": Daniel Guérin, the Labour Movement and Homosexuality

"Workers of the world, embrace!" Daniel Guerin, the Labour movement and homosexualit