Cybergossip and problematic internet use in cyberaggression and cybervictimisation among adolescents

Research on cyberbullying has focused on personal and contextual factors. However, little is known about its relationship with habitual behaviours associated with easy access to the Internet, such as cybergossip and problematic Internet use, as well as the role that gender and age play in relation with these variables. Knowledge about these subjects could contribute to the elaboration of new preventive and educational approaches. This study therefore aims to analyse the influence that cybergossip and problematic Internet use have on cyberaggression and cybervictimisation, considering differences in age, gender, and the age at which the first smartphone was owned. 1013 adolescents between 12 and 18 years old (M = 14.0, SD = 1.42) (56.4% girls) from thirteen Spanish educational centres participated. The results, obtained through structural equation modelling, show that there is a high association between the four constructs, and explain a high variability of cyberaggression and cybervictimisation. It is relevant that cybergossip has a greater influence on the cyberaggression of girls, on subjects who are 12–14 years old, and on victims aged 15–18, while problematic Internet use has a greater influence on the cybervictimisation of boys and subjects who are 12–14 years old. Furthermore, the fact of having had a smartphone before the age of 11 leads to a higher level of cyberaggression, explained by cybergossip and problematic Internet use. These results allow us to establish new channels of intervention

¿Te importaría prestarme atención? El Phubbing en la adolescencia como reto educativo en la convivencia digital y presencial

Introducción: Las relaciones sociales se producen simultáneamente entre el entorno presencial y virtual y con mayor intensidad en tiempos de postpandemia. Con el uso de Internet han surgido nuevas conductas como el phubbing, que disminuyen la calidad de las relaciones y la convivencia, y cuyo impacto apenas ha sido estudiado en la adolescencia. Método: El objetivo de este estudio es conocer la incidencia y el impacto de esta nueva conducta en 379 adolescentes de 8 centros de Educación Secundaria de Aragón, así como analizar si su normalización neutraliza su efecto negativo mediante un análisis descriptivo incluyendo el test de ANOVA y de chi cuadrado. Resultados: Los resultados muestran que el phubbing es un fenómeno frecuente entre los adolescentes, alcanzando en las chicas mayores niveles de phubber (quién ejerce phubbing) y phubbee (quién lo recibe), incidiendo en ellas los efectos más negativos (sentimiento de exclusión), hecho que también aumenta con la edad. Además, el phubbing frecuente no disminuye el sentirse afectado negativamente por el hecho de que dicha conducta esté normalizada entre los adolescentes. Discusión: El presente estudio ofrece los primeros conocimientos sobre el impacto del phubbing en la salud emocional y relacional en la vida del alumnado adolescente según la edad y el género. Nuestros hallazgos revelan una importante novedad sobre este fenómeno, unas primeras evidencias de que la normalización de esta conducta no elimina los efectos negativos en la calidad de las relaciones personales y amplia el conocimiento sobre el phubbing

“Listen to me!” The role of family supervision and parental phubbing in youth cyberbullying

Background To mitigate or prevent the effects of cyberbullying, adolescents are primarily influenced by how they have been educated and supervised at home in the use of technology. Objective Our main objective was to examine the association of parental phubbing and family supervision of Internet and social networks use with cyberbullying victimization and aggression. Method A survey was conducted to examine these factors in a sample of 1,554 students aged 10 to 18 years in the Aragon region of Spain. Results Family supervision is a protective factor against becoming an aggressor or a victim of cyberbullying. Aggressor and victim roles correlate with higher levels of parental phubbing. Multigroup analysis applying structural equation modeling by age and gender revealed certain differences. Gender differences were found with parental phubbing associated with boys' likelihood of being aggressors. Although family supervision protected both boys and girls, there was a stronger association for girls' parents. Fewer differences were observed for age group. Conclusion This study found strong relation between cyberbullying, family supervision, and parental phubbing. Our findings also suggest that cyberbullying prevention strategies need to differ depending on whether they are applied to girls or boys. Implications The importance of model behavior for minors to follow in their optimal use of information and communication technologies and family supervision of smartphone use should be placed at the center of cyberbullying prevention strategies

Turismo Espacial

Desde el origen del ser humano, la curiosidad ha sido una de sus principales características. Siempre hemos querido ir más allá de lo que nos rodea, y gracias a ello hemos evolucionado. Es por eso que he elegido este tema para mi trabajo de fin del grado en turismo, el turismo espacial. Sentimos mucha curiosidad por el espacio y todo lo que puede albergar, por eso se crean instituciones como la NASA y se invierten millones de dólares en mandar personas a la luna, a la estación espacial… pero, ¿Qué pasaría si enviamos a una persona que no sea astronauta? ¿Podremos, algún día, veranear en la luna o en Marte?<br /

Netiquette, implication of online emotional content and empathy in adolescents according to gender

Introduction: Education in netiquette (social norms that promote cyber coexistence) has become an alternative proposal for helping prevent online expressions of discrimination and violence. Specifically, empathy and online emotional content are key in antisocial behaviours. Method: Our objective is thus to differentially analyse the relationships between netiquette, online emotional content, and empathy in adolescents according to gender. 774 adolescents (55.4% girls) enrolled in 13 Spanish educational centres participated (M = 13.82 and SD = 1345). Results: Results show that girls achieve higher scores in netiquette, online emotional content, and empathy. E-emotional expression in girls and the facilitating use of e-emotions in boys are exclusionary factors of netiquette; however, the understanding and management of e-emotions for both genders, as well as cognitive empathy in boys, are promoter factors. Conclusions: It would be advisable to educate young people in netiquette, where the moderate use of emotional expression online can be an effective strategy to promote it

Patient with hepatocellular carcinoma related to prior acute arsenic intoxication and occult HBV: epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic results after 14 years of follow-up

Little is known about the long-term survivors of acute arsenic intoxication. We present here a clinical case report of a man with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection who developed hepatocellular carcinoma four years after acute arsenic poisoning. HBsAg was detected in serum in 1990 when he voluntarily donated blood. In 1991, the patient suffered from severe psychological depression that led him to attempt suicide by massive ingestion of an arsenic-containing rodenticide. He survived with polyneuropathy and paralysis of the lower limbs, and has been wheelchair-bound since then. During participation in a follow-up study conducted among HBV carriers, abdominal ultrasound detected a two-centimeter liver mass consistent with hepatocellular carcinoma. The tumor was confirmed by computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance image (MRI). Because of his significant comorbidity, the patient received palliative treatment with transarterial lipiodol chemoembolization (TACE) on three occasions (1996, 1997 and 1999). At his most recent visit in May 2005, the patient was asymptomatic, liver enzymes were normal and the tumor was in remission on ultrasound

Utility of the MoCA for cognitive impairment screening in long-term psychosis patients

Cognitive impairment is a key feature in patients with psychotic disorders. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is a brief tool that has been shown to be effective in identifying mild cognitive impairment and early dementia. This study explores the usefulness of this instrument to detect cognitive impairment in long-term psychotic disorders. One hundred-forty stabilized patients were re-evaluated more than 15 years after a First Episode of Psychosis (FEP). Patients were psychopathologically assessed, and the MoCA test and MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) were administered. Two cut-off scores for cognitive impairment using the MCCB were applied (T score <40 and < 30). Concurrent validation was found between the total scores of the MoCA and MCCB. We also found significant associations between 5 out of 7 MoCA subtests (visuospatial-executive, attention, language, abstraction and delayed recall) and MCCB subtests but not for the naming and orientation MoCA subtests. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis suggested a <25 cut-off for cognitive impairment instead of the original <26. Our results suggest that the MoCA test is a useful screening instrument for assessing cognitive impairment in psychotic patients and has some advantages over other available instruments, such as its ease-of-use and short administration time

Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Patients with Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia: Risk Factors and Endoscopic Findings

Background: We aimed to describe risk factors for gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding and endoscopic findings in patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT). Methods: This is a prospective study from a referral HHT unit. Endoscopic tests were performed when there was suspicion of GI bleeding, and patients were divided as follows: with, without, and with unsuspected GI involvement. Results: 67 (27.9%) patients with, 28 (11.7%) patients without, and 145 (60.4%) with unsuspected GI involvement were included. Age, tobacco use, endoglin (ENG) mutation, and hemoglobin were associated with GI involvement. Telangiectases were mostly in the stomach and duodenum, but 18.5% of patients with normal esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) had GI involvement in video capsule endoscopy (VCE). Telangiectases ≤ 3 mm and ≤10 per location were most common. Among patients with GI disease, those with hemoglobin 3 mm). After a mean follow-up of 34.2 months, patients with GI involvement required more transfusions and more emergency department and hospital admissions, with no differences in mortality. Conclusions: Risk factors for GI involvement have been identified. Patients with GI involvement and severe anemia had larger telangiectases and higher ESS. VCE should be considered in patients with suspicion of GI bleeding, even if EGD is normal

Long-term use of somatostatin analogs for chronic gastrointestinal bleeding in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia

BackgroundChronic bleeding due to gastrointestinal (GI) involvement in patients with hemorrhagic hereditary telangiectasia (HHT) can provoke severe anemia with high red blood cells (RBC) transfusion requirements. However, the evidence about how to deal with these patients is scarce. We aimed to assess the long-term efficacy and safety of somatostatin analogs (SA) for anemia management in HHT patients with GI involvement. MethodsThis is a prospective observational study including patients with HHT and GI involvement attended at a referral center. SA were considered for those patients with chronic anemia. Anemia-related variables were compared in patients receiving SA before and during treatment. Patients receiving SA were divided into responders (patients with minimal hemoglobin levels improvement >10 g/L and maintaining hemoglobin levels >= 80 g/L during treatment), and non-responders. Adverse effects during follow-up were collected. ResultsAmong 119 HHT patients with GI involvement, 67 (56.3%) received SA. These patients showed lower minimal hemoglobin levels (73 [60-87] vs. 99 [70.2-122.5], p < 0.001), and more RBC transfusion requirements (61.2% vs. 38.5%, p = 0.014) than patients without SA therapy. Median treatment period was 20.9 +/- 15.2 months. During treatment, there was a statistically significant improvement in minimum hemoglobin levels (94.7 +/- 29.8 g/L vs. 74.7 +/- 19.7, p < 0.001) and a reduction of patients with minimal hemoglobin levels <80 g/L (39 vs. 61%, p = 0.007) and RBC transfusions requirement (33.9% vs. 59.3%, p < 0.001). Sixteen (23.9%) patients showed mild adverse effects, mostly diarrhea or abdominal pain, leading to treatment discontinuation in 12 (17.9%) patients. Fifty-nine patients were eligible for efficacy assessment and 32 (54.2%) of them were considered responders. Age was associated with non-responder patients, OR 95% CI; 1.070 (1.014-1.130), p = 0.015. ConclusionSA can be considered a long-term effective and safe option for anemia management in HHT patients with GI bleeding. Older age is associated with poorer response

Werknemer én mantelzorger: ligt overbelasting op de loer? Een kwantitatieve studie naar de invloed van rolconflict op de overbelasting van werkende mantelzorgers

In deze studie is gekeken naar welke factoren van invloed zijn op de overbelasting van (werkende) mantelzorgers, waarbij er werd gefocust op de rolconflicttheorie. Er is gebruik gemaakt van een bestaande dataset van het SCP: ‘Informele Zorg’