2,798 research outputs found
Approximating Intersections and Differences Between Linear Statistical Shape Models Using Markov Chain Monte Carlo
To date, the comparison of Statistical Shape Models (SSMs) is often solely
performance-based, carried out by means of simplistic metrics such as
compactness, generalization, or specificity. Any similarities or differences
between the actual shape spaces can neither be visualized nor quantified. In
this paper, we present a new method to qualitatively compare two linear SSMs in
dense correspondence by computing approximate intersection spaces and
set-theoretic differences between the (hyper-ellipsoidal) allowable shape
domains spanned by the models. To this end, we approximate the distribution of
shapes lying in the intersection space using Markov chain Monte Carlo and
subsequently apply Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to the posterior samples,
eventually yielding a new SSM of the intersection space. We estimate
differences between linear SSMs in a similar manner; here, however, the
resulting spaces are no longer convex and we do not apply PCA but instead use
the posterior samples for visualization. We showcase the proposed algorithm
qualitatively by computing and analyzing intersection spaces and differences
between publicly available face models, focusing on gender-specific male and
female as well as identity and expression models. Our quantitative evaluation
based on SSMs built from synthetic and real-world data sets provides detailed
evidence that the introduced method is able to recover ground-truth
intersection spaces and differences accurately.Comment: Accepted to WACV'2
Characteristic invariants in Hennessy-Milner logic
In this paper, we prove that HennessyâMilner Logic (HML), despite its structural limitations, is sufficiently expressive to specify an initial property Ď0 and a characteristic invariant ĎI for an arbitrary finite-state process P such that Ď0â§AG(ĎI) is a characteristic formula for P. This means that a process Q, even if infinite state, is bisimulation equivalent to P iff Qâ¨Ď0â§AG(ĎI). It follows, in particular, that it is sufficient to check an HML formula for each state of a finite-state process to verify that it is bisimulation equivalent to P. In addition, more complex systems such as context-free processes can be checked for bisimulation equivalence with P using corresponding model checking algorithms. Our characteristic invariant is based on so called class-distinguishing formulas that identify bisimulation equivalence classes in P and which are expressed in HML. We extend Kanellakis and Smolkaâs partition refinement algorithm for bisimulation checking in order to generate concise class-distinguishing formulas for finite-state processes
MapFormer: Boosting Change Detection by Using Pre-change Information
Change detection in remote sensing imagery is essential for a variety of
applications such as urban planning, disaster management, and climate research.
However, existing methods for identifying semantically changed areas overlook
the availability of semantic information in the form of existing maps
describing features of the earth's surface. In this paper, we leverage this
information for change detection in bi-temporal images. We show that the simple
integration of the additional information via concatenation of latent
representations suffices to significantly outperform state-of-the-art change
detection methods. Motivated by this observation, we propose the new task of
Conditional Change Detection, where pre-change semantic information is used as
input next to bi-temporal images. To fully exploit the extra information, we
propose MapFormer, a novel architecture based on a multi-modal feature fusion
module that allows for feature processing conditioned on the available semantic
information. We further employ a supervised, cross-modal contrastive loss to
guide the learning of visual representations. Our approach outperforms existing
change detection methods by an absolute 11.7% and 18.4% in terms of binary
change IoU on DynamicEarthNet and HRSCD, respectively. Furthermore, we
demonstrate the robustness of our approach to the quality of the pre-change
semantic information and the absence pre-change imagery. The code will be made
publicly available
Dependence of aptamer activity on opposed terminal extensions : improvement of light-regulation efficiency
Aptamers that can be regulated with light allow precise control of protein activity in space and time and hence of biological function in general. In a previous study, we showed that the activity of the thrombin-binding aptamer HD1 can be turned off by irradiation using a light activatable "caged" intramolecular antisense-domain. However, the activity of the presented aptamer in its ON state was only mediocre. Here we studied the nature of this loss in activity in detail and found that switching from 5'- to 3'-extensions affords aptamers that are even more potent than the unmodified HD1. In particular we arrived at derivatives that are now more active than the aptamer NU172 that is currently in phase 2 clinical trials as an anticoagulant. As a result, we present light-regulatable aptamers with a superior activity in their ON state and an almost digital ON/OFF behavior upon irradiation
Honeycomb Plots: Visual Enhancements for Hexagonal Maps
Aggregation through binning is a commonly used technique for visualizing large, dense, and overplotted two-dimensional data sets. However, aggregation can hide nuanced data-distribution features and complicates the display of multiple data-dependent variables, since color mapping is the primary means of encoding. In this paper, we present novel techniques for enhancing hexplots with spatialization cues while avoiding common disadvantages of three-dimensional visualizations. In particular, we focus on techniques relying on preattentive features that exploit shading and shape cues to emphasize relative value differences. Furthermore, we introduce a novel visual encoding that conveys information about the data distributions or trends within individual tiles. Based on multiple usage examples from different domains and real-world scenarios, we generate expressive visualizations that increase the information content of classic hexplots and validate their effectiveness in a user study.publishedVersio
Anodal tDCS of the left inferior parietal cortex enhances memory for correct information without affecting recall of misinformation
False memories during testimony are an enormous challenge for criminal trials. Exposure to post-event misinformation can lead to inadvertent creation of false memories, known as the misinformation effect. We investigated anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on the left inferior parietal lobe (IPL) during recall testing to enhance accurate recall while addressing the misinformation effect. Participants (N = 60) watched a television series depicting a fictional terrorist attack, then received an audio recording with misinformation, consistent information, and control information. During cued recall testing, participants received anodal or sham tDCS. Results revealed a robust misinformation effect in both groups, with participants falsely recalling on average 26.6% of the misinformed items. Bayesian statistics indicated substantial evidence in favour of the null hypothesis that there was no difference between groups in the misinformation effect. Regarding correct recall however, the anodal group exhibited significantly improved recall for items from the original video. Together, these results demonstrate that anodal tDCS of the left IPL enhances correct recall of the episodes from the original event without affecting false recall of misinformation. The findings support the IPL's role in recollection and source attribution of episodic memories.</p
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