Adaptation of the Token Test in Standard Indonesian

Aphasia is a language disorder caused by focal brain injury. The Token Test is a tool to detect aphasic symptoms and measure aphasic severity in individuals who suffer brain damage causing language impairment. While Indonesia has a diagnostic test battery for aphasia (TADIR), it has yet to be able to quantify aphasic severity. In this study, we tested 49 individuals: 26 healthy adults, 7 non-aphasic post-stroke individuals, and 16 aphasic individuals. A series of tests were administered: the TADIR, Token Test, and the Verb and Sentence Test. The Token Test was sensitive enough to distinguish between the three groups and was also correlated with all other language tests including the TADIR

Pronoun Production Order in a Gender-Neutral Language: A Single Case Study of a Typically Developing Indonesian Child

Research in children with normal language development has shown that there is a certain order in the production and learning of pronominal forms. To one’s knowledge, there has yet to be a study on the pronoun development of Indonesian speaking children whose native language do not distinguishbetween the nominative-accusative form (e.g. in English, I/me – Indonesian, saya/saya) and at the same time being gender neutral (e.g. in English, he/she – Indonesian, dia/dia). The present study follows the personal pronoun development of a (Jakarta) Indonesian-speaking child from 24 months to 46 months of age

Towards consistent demarcation of enterprise design domains

This article supports the ideology that enterprise engineering (EE) could add more value if EE researchers focus on facilitating effective conversations within design teams to create a common understanding of the enterprise. One way of creating a common understanding is to define and demarcate enterprise design domains in a consistent way. Literature presents different conceptualisations for demarcating design domains, without using a systematic demarcation rationale. As an example, this article introduces Hoogervorst’s approach and associated enterprise design domains to highlight practical difficulties when emerging design principles are applied to four main design domains, as defined by Hoogervorst. Based on the suggestion to apply the basic system design process to demarcate the main enterprise design domains in a consistent way and addressing the need for additional design domains, we present four alternative enterprise design domains, developed via design science research. We also demonstrate the usefulness of the new design domains by presenting several examples of enterprise design cycles that occur during enterprise design.http://link.springer.combookseries/5582018-11-10hj2018Industrial and Systems Engineerin

Ex Post Problems in Buyer–Supplier Transactions: Effects of Transaction Characteristics, Social Embeddedness, and Contractual Governance

This paper focuses on ex post governance of inter-firm transactions. We develop and test hypotheses on the occurrence of ex post problems like delivery delays, inferior quality, and insufficient service in buyer–supplier transactions. Our hypotheses address effects of transaction characteristics, of social embeddedness, and of contractual governance on the occurrence of problems. Other than earlier research on embeddedness effects in this field, we consider not only effects of dyadic embeddedness but also effects of network embeddedness. We test hypotheses using rich survey data on more than 1200 purchases of information technology (IT) products: hardware and software, both standard and complex. We find evidence for effects of transaction characteristics on the occurrence of problems, while our data do not support hypotheses on effects of contractual governance. Our data provide rather consistent support for hypotheses on the effects of embeddedness. Specifically, we find evidence that network embeddedness reduces problems. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media, Inc. 2006buyer–supplier relations, embeddedness, ex post problems, inter-firm networks, governance, transaction cost theory,