9 research outputs found
Vaccinated Patients Admitted in ICU with Severe Pneumonia Due to SARS-CoV-2: A Multicenter Pilot Study
Background: The aim of this study was to analyze the percentage of patients admitted to the ICU having received the vaccine against COVID-19, to describe the clinical profile of vaccinated patients admitted to the ICU, and to assess the humoral immune response to vaccination. Methods: In this multicenter prospective descriptive cohort study, consecutive critically ill patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia who received at least one dose of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine were included. The time of study was from 1 July to 10 August of 2021. Results: Of the 94 consecutive patients from seven Andalusian ICUs admitted during the time of study, 50 (53.2%) received at least one dose of anti SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. No patient was admitted having previously had SARS-CoV-2 infection. The B.1.617.2 (Delta) variant was the most frequently identified, in 80.76% of cases. Patients with a complete vaccination with non-optimal antibody levels were immunocompromised. Fifteen patients were admitted to the ICU with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) without having completed their vaccination; the clinical profile was younger and with less comorbidities compared to patients with full vaccination. There were no differences in severity of ARDS. Conclusions: Most of the patients who were admitted to the ICU having received a dose of the vaccine were not optimally vaccinated; fully vaccinated patients who did not obtain optimal serum antibody levels were patients considered immunocompromise
CARB-ES-19 Multicenter Study of Carbapenemase-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli From All Spanish Provinces Reveals Interregional Spread of High-Risk Clones Such as ST307/OXA-48 and ST512/KPC-3
ObjectivesCARB-ES-19 is a comprehensive, multicenter, nationwide study integrating whole-genome sequencing (WGS) in the surveillance of carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae (CP-Kpn) and E. coli (CP-Eco) to determine their incidence, geographical distribution, phylogeny, and resistance mechanisms in Spain.MethodsIn total, 71 hospitals, representing all 50 Spanish provinces, collected the first 10 isolates per hospital (February to May 2019); CPE isolates were first identified according to EUCAST (meropenem MIC > 0.12 mg/L with immunochromatography, colorimetric tests, carbapenem inactivation, or carbapenem hydrolysis with MALDI-TOF). Prevalence and incidence were calculated according to population denominators. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using the microdilution method (EUCAST). All 403 isolates collected were sequenced for high-resolution single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) typing, core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST), and resistome analysis.ResultsIn total, 377 (93.5%) CP-Kpn and 26 (6.5%) CP-Eco isolates were collected from 62 (87.3%) hospitals in 46 (92%) provinces. CP-Kpn was more prevalent in the blood (5.8%, 50/853) than in the urine (1.4%, 201/14,464). The cumulative incidence for both CP-Kpn and CP-Eco was 0.05 per 100 admitted patients. The main carbapenemase genes identified in CP-Kpn were blaOXA–48 (263/377), blaKPC–3 (62/377), blaVIM–1 (28/377), and blaNDM–1 (12/377). All isolates were susceptible to at least two antibiotics. Interregional dissemination of eight high-risk CP-Kpn clones was detected, mainly ST307/OXA-48 (16.4%), ST11/OXA-48 (16.4%), and ST512-ST258/KPC (13.8%). ST512/KPC and ST15/OXA-48 were the most frequent bacteremia-causative clones. The average number of acquired resistance genes was higher in CP-Kpn (7.9) than in CP-Eco (5.5).ConclusionThis study serves as a first step toward WGS integration in the surveillance of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales in Spain. We detected important epidemiological changes, including increased CP-Kpn and CP-Eco prevalence and incidence compared to previous studies, wide interregional dissemination, and increased dissemination of high-risk clones, such as ST307/OXA-48 and ST512/KPC-3
Evaluation of Interaction and Blockage Effects for Multi-fan Units used in Public Transport HVAC Systems
Relationship of Weather Types on the Seasonal and Spatial Variability of Rainfall, Runoff, and Sediment Yield in the Western Mediterranean Basin
Rainfall is the key factor to understand soil erosion processes, mechanisms, and rates. Most research was conducted to determine rainfall characteristics and their relationship with soil erosion (erosivity) but there is little information about how atmospheric patterns control soil losses, and this is important to enable sustainable environmental planning and risk prevention. We investigated the temporal and spatial variability of the relationships of rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield with atmospheric patterns (weather types, WTs) in the western Mediterranean basin. For this purpose, we analyzed a large database of rainfall events collected between 1985 and 2015 in 46 experimental plots and catchments with the aim to: (i) evaluate seasonal differences in the contribution of rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield produced by the WTs; and (ii) to analyze the seasonal efficiency of the different WTs (relation frequency and magnitude) related to rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield. The results indicate two different temporal patterns: the first weather type exhibits (during the cold period: autumn and winter) westerly flows that produce the highest rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield values throughout the territory; the second weather type exhibits easterly flows that predominate during the warm period (spring and summer) and it is located on the Mediterranean coast of the Iberian Peninsula. However, the cyclonic situations present high frequency throughout the whole year with a large influence extended around the western Mediterranean basin. Contrary, the anticyclonic situations, despite of its high frequency, do not contribute significantly to the total rainfall, runoff, and sediment (showing the lowest efficiency) because of atmospheric stability that currently characterize this atmospheric pattern. Our approach helps to better understand the relationship of WTs on the seasonal and spatial variability of rainfall, runoff and sediment yield with a regional scale based on the large dataset and number of soil erosion experimental stations.Spanish Government (Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, MINECO) and FEDER Projects: CGL2014 52135-C3-3-R, ESP2017-89463-C3-3-R, CGL2014-59946-R, CGL2015-65569-R, CGL2015-64284-C2-2-R, CGL2015-64284-C2-1-R, CGL2016-78075-P, GL2008-02879/BTE, LEDDRA 243857, RECARE-FP7, CGL2017-83866-C3-1-R, and PCIN-2017-061/AEI. Dhais Peña-Angulo received a “Juan de la Cierva” postdoctoral contract (FJCI-2017-33652 Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, MEC). Ana Lucia acknowledge the "Brigitte-Schlieben-Lange-Programm". The “Geoenvironmental Processes and Global Change” (E02_17R) was financed by the Aragón Government and the European Social Fund. José Andrés López-Tarazón acknowledges the Secretariat for Universities and Research of the Department of the Economy and Knowledge of the Autonomous Government of Catalonia for supporting the Consolidated Research Group 2014 SGR 645 (RIUS- Fluvial Dynamics Research Group). Artemi Cerdà thank the funding of the OCDE TAD/CRP JA00088807. José Martínez-Fernandez acknowledges the project Unidad de Excelencia CLU-2018-04 co-funded by FEDER and Castilla y León Government. Ane Zabaleta is supported by the Hydro-Environmental Processes consolidated research group (IT1029-16, Basque Government). This paper has the benefit of the Lab and Field Data Pool created within the framework of the COST action CONNECTEUR (ES1306)
Presentation
El pasado mes de abril iniciamos una nueva etapa en Çédille, representada principalmente por su traslado a la plataforma Open Journal System (OJS) de la Universidad de La Laguna, así como por la renovación y reasignación de competencias del Consejo de Redacción. Durante este tiempo, hemos tenido que adaptarnos, experimentar y comprender, pacientemente, el funcionamiento de esta nueva herramienta que es OJS. Ello ha supuesto, en algunos casos, que se hayan producido determinadas dificultades de comunicación con nuestros lectores y evaluadores, o que se hayan ocasionado pequeños retrasos en la gestión de la revista. Como nuestros seguidores saben, muy recientemente hemos sufrido, además, un ataque informático que no solo impidió el acceso a la plataforma durante varios días (justo en el momento final de producción de este número), sino que obligó a trasladar nuestro sitio web a otro servidor y a implementar nuevas medidas de seguridad. Afortunadamente, gracias al buen hacer y profesionalidad de Juan Ascanio Amigó, asesor técnico de OJS para la Universidad de La Laguna, hemos logrado salir airosos de los problemas, complicaciones y secuelas que nos hemos ido encontrando en este tiempo.
En este número que ahora ve la luz contamos con treinta y cuatro contri-buciones que superan, en total, las setecientas páginas. Así, Amelia Gamoneda Lanza y Francisco González Fernández se han encargado de coordinar una nueva entrega –la undécima– de la serie «Monografías», donde han reunido una ..
Spatial variability of the relationships of runoff and sediment yield with weather types throughout the Mediterranean basin
Este artículo contiene 16 páginas, 6 figuras, 2 tablas.Soil degradation by water is a serious environmental problem worldwide, with specific climatic factors being the
major causes. We investigated the relationships between synoptic atmospheric patterns (i.e. weather types, WTs)
and runoff, erosion and sediment yield throughout the Mediterranean basin by analyzing a large database of
natural rainfall events at 68 research sites in 9 countries. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to
identify spatial relationships of the different WTs including three hydro-sedimentary variables: rainfall, runoff,
and sediment yield (SY, used to refer to both soil erosion measured at plot scale and sediment yield registered at
catchment scale). The results indicated 4 spatial classes of rainfall and runoff: (a) northern sites dependent on
North (N) and North West (NW) flows; (b) eastern sites dependent on E and NE flows; (c) southern sites dependent
on S and SE flows; and, finally, (d) western sites dependent on W and SW flows. Conversely, three
spatial classes are identified for SY characterized by: (a) N and NE flows in northern sites (b) E flows in eastern
sites, and (c) Wand SW flows in western sites. Most of the rainfall, runoff and SY occurred during a small number
of daily events, and just a few WTs accounted for large percentages of the total. Our results confirm that
characterization by WT improves understanding of the general conditions under which runoff and SY occur, and
provides useful information for understanding the spatial variability of runoff, and SY throughout the
Mediterranean basin. The approach used here could be useful to aid of the design of regional water management
and soil conservation measures.This research was supported by projects funded by the MINECOFEDER:
CGL2014-52135-C3-3-R, CGL2014-59946-R, CGL2015-65569-
R, CGL2015-64284-C2-2-R, and PCIN-2017-061/AEI. When this
manuscript was first submitted Estela Nadal-Romero and Damià Vericat
received a “Ramón y Cajal” postdoctoral contract (RYC-2013-14371
and RYC‐2010‐06264, Spanish Ministry of Economy and
Competitiveness, MEC). Damià Vericat is now a Serra Húnter Fellow at
the University of Lleida. María Fernández-Raga received a “José
Castillejo” postdoctoral grant (Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture
and Sports). Carla Ferreira was supported by a post-doctoral research
grant from the Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation (SFRH/
BPD/120093/2016). Mariano Moreno-de las Heras received a Juan de
la Cierva postdoctoral contract (IJCI-2015-26463) from the MEC. José
Andrés López-Tarazón received a Vicenç Mut postdoctoral fellowship
from the Autonomous Balearic Government (CAIB PD/038/2016). José
Andrés López-Tarazón and Ramon Batalla also acknowledge the
Secretariat for Universities and Research of the Department of the
Economy and Knowledge of the Autonomous Government of Catalonia
for supporting the Consolidated Research Group 2014 SGR 645 (RIUSFluvial
Dynamics Research Group), and the CERCA Programme. This
paper has benefited from the Lab and Field Data Pool created within the
framework of the COST action CONNECTEUR (ES1306).Peer reviewe
Analysis of the spatial variability of the relationships between rainfall, runoff, erosion and sediment yield and synoptic atmospheric patterns around the Mediterranean basin
Trabajo presentado en TERRAenVISION Environmental Issues Today: Scientific Solutions for Societal Issues, celebrado en Barcelona (España) del 27 de enero al 2 de febrero de 2018This contribution results from international collaborative efforts of different research groups
around the Mediterranean basin focusing on soil conservation and water management. We will
present the most complete database of runoff and soil erosion information and analyze the
records from 68 locations, including more than 22458 detail events between 1985-2015. Soil
conservation and water planning are two of the most challenging problems around the
Mediterranean basin due to climate conditions and human activity. We believe that future
advances on understanding soil degradation by water should be developed under global
approaches. In this contribution, we will present an analysis of atmospheric conditions, expressed
by weather types and the resulted rainfall, runoff, and erosion and sediment yield around the
Mediterranean basin. The weather types compile daily information about the different air masses
responsible for rainfall, runoff and eventually erosion and sediment yield, and their analyses let us
know the synchrony of the response at different sites around the Mediterranean basin. The
analyses of the global dataset display different spatial patterns for rainfall, runoff, and sediment
yield, related to different atmospheric patterns. This research will be a valuable tool for
understanding the evolution of these environmental variables, and therefore it will allow future
planning to design regional water management and soil conservation measuresPeer reviewe