Combined microwave–convective drying of saccharomyces cerevisiae based yeast

Attention is paid to drying as a downstream processing of foodstuff as it is used finally for human consumption. In some cases the conventional (convective, contact or infrared) drying processes can damage the quality of food due to crusting phenomena, overheating or protein denaturation. Better results can be obtained using combined microwave–convective dehydration.The paper mainly focuses on the investigation of drying Saccharomyces cerevisiaepulp using the method of dielectric dehydration. A dried product with a residual fermentative activity of over 80% was produced with the application of a microwave–convective drying system. As a result the moisture content was lower than 10% calculated on dry basis. We permanently regulated the incident microwave power manually in order to eliminate the mentioned disadvantageous effects. This type of regulation was applied when the surface temperature reached 45 °C

Antifascism, the 1956 Revolution and the politics of communist autobiographies in Hungary 1944-2000

This is a postprint of an article whose final and definitive form has been published in Europe-Asia Studies © 2006 University of Glasgow; Europe-Asia Studies is available online at http://www.informaworld.com.Using oral history, this contribution explores the reshaping of individuals' public and private autobiographies in response to different political environments. In particular, it analyses the testimony of those who were communists in Hungary between 1945 and 1956, examining how their experiences of fascism, party membership, the 1956 Revolution and the collapse of communism led them in each case to refashion their life stories. Moreover, it considers how their biographies played varying functions at different points in their lives: to express identification with communism, to articulate resistance and to communicate ambition before 1956; to protect themselves from the state after 1956; and to rehabilitate themselves morally in a society which stigmatised them after 1989.I didn't use this word 'liberation' (felszabadulás), because in 1956 my life really changed. Everybody's lives went through a great change, but mine especially. … I wasn't disgusted with myself that I had called the arrival of the Red Army in 1945 a liberation, but [after 1956] I didn't use it anymore

The global distribution of fatal pesticide self-poisoning: Systematic review

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Evidence is accumulating that pesticide self-poisoning is one of the most commonly used methods of suicide worldwide, but the magnitude of the problem and the global distribution of these deaths is unknown.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We have systematically reviewed the worldwide literature to estimate the number of pesticide suicides in each of the World Health Organisation's six regions and the global burden of fatal self-poisoning with pesticides. We used the following data sources: Medline, EMBASE and psycINFO (1990–2007), papers cited in publications retrieved, the worldwide web (using Google) and our personal collections of papers and books. Our aim was to identify papers enabling us to estimate the proportion of a country's suicides due to pesticide self-poisoning.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We conservatively estimate that there are 258,234 (plausible range 233,997 to 325,907) deaths from pesticide self-poisoning worldwide each year, accounting for 30% (range 27% to 37%) of suicides globally. Official data from India probably underestimate the incidence of suicides; applying evidence-based corrections to India's official data, our estimate for world suicides using pesticides increases to 371,594 (range 347,357 to 439,267). The proportion of all suicides using pesticides varies from 4% in the European Region to over 50% in the Western Pacific Region but this proportion is not concordant with the volume of pesticides sold in each region; it is the pattern of pesticide use and the toxicity of the products, not the quantity used, that influences the likelihood they will be used in acts of fatal self-harm.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Pesticide self-poisoning accounts for about one-third of the world's suicides. Epidemiological and toxicological data suggest that many of these deaths might be prevented if (a) the use of pesticides most toxic to humans was restricted, (b) pesticides could be safely stored in rural communities, and (c) the accessibility and quality of care for poisoning could be improved.</p

MISORIENTATION BETWEEN AUSTENITE AND \sigma-PHASE IN DUPLEX STAINLESS STEEL

Duplex steels are very interesting stainless steels. Their name originates from their special austenitic-ferritic structure. This tissue is due to the high alloying and low carbon content. During heat treatment, several phase transformation and precipitation processes take place. Electron back scattering diffraction is a relatively new investigation method, by which the individual grain orientation can be determined in the scanning electron microscope. The greatest advantage of this method is its speed: it is possible to determine a grain orientation even within 0.1 second. Therefore, in a relatively short time a large amount of data can be collected, and can be statistically evaluated. This paper reports a research work, in which SAF-2507 type duplex stainless steel samples were heat-treated isothermally, and the misorientation between the austenite and \sigma-phase was calculated

Corrigendum to “Polar snow algae as a valuable source of lipids?” [Bioresour. Technol. 235 (2017) 338–347](S096085241730411X)(10.1016/j.biortech.2017.03.130)

The authors regret that in the original version of this article, the culture collection strain ID numbers of the microalgae given in materials and methods Table 1 were not correctly assigned to the species names. The following revised Table 1 provides the correct strain ID numbers and information. The authors take the opportunity to note that the taxonomy of some of these strains is still under review (see “cf.” in Table 1). Recently, discussions have arisen regarding the correct taxonomy of CCCryo 194-04 (pers. comm. T. Leya, curator of CCCryo). Kawasaki et al. (2015) have recently revised several coccalean, oil-producing green algae and have assigned CCCryo 340b-08 (which is the same species as CCCryo 194-04) to the genus Macrochloris. On the other hand, it is currently being evaluated whether CCCryo 194-04 should be assigned to a different, still to be erected and published species within the genus Pleurastrum. The true taxonomy (and names) of some strains thus remain unclear at this time, and so the strain ID numbers containing the collection acronym listed above should be used to identify the microalgae used in this work. The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.</p