Interactive Learning-Based Realizability for Heyting Arithmetic with EM1

We apply to the semantics of Arithmetic the idea of ``finite approximation'' used to provide computational interpretations of Herbrand's Theorem, and we interpret classical proofs as constructive proofs (with constructive rules for $\vee, \exists$) over a suitable structure \StructureN for the language of natural numbers and maps of G\"odel's system \SystemT. We introduce a new Realizability semantics we call ``Interactive learning-based Realizability'', for Heyting Arithmetic plus \EM_1 (Excluded middle axiom restricted to $\Sigma^0_1$ formulas). Individuals of \StructureN evolve with time, and realizers may ``interact'' with them, by influencing their evolution. We build our semantics over Avigad's fixed point result, but the same semantics may be defined over different constructive interpretations of classical arithmetic (Berardi and de' Liguoro use continuations). Our notion of realizability extends intuitionistic realizability and differs from it only in the atomic case: we interpret atomic realizers as ``learning agents''

Estudo comparativo de ferramentas para modelagem, armazenamento e integração de dados na web semântica para a plataforma da rede ELLAS

The layered architecture of the World Wide Web (W3C) defines standards, technologies, languages, and methods needed to build applications that involve the semantic web. From this W3C semantic web architecture was developed the data modeling of the ELLAS (Equality in Leadership for Latin American STEM) network platform. The ELLAS aims to map the policies and context aspects that influence women in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) in the countries of Bolivia, Brazil and Peru, which are at different levels of development. The main objective of this work is a comparison of the main storage and semantic integration tools to develop a data model (modeling, storage and integration of data) related to the mapping of policies, initiatives and factors that influence the career development of women in STEM.La arquitectura en capas de la World Wide Web (W3C) define estándares, tecnologías, lenguajes y métodos necesarios para construir aplicaciones que involucren la web semántica. A partir de esta arquitectura de web semántica del W3C se desarrolló el modelado de datos de la plataforma de la red ELLAS (Equality in Leadership for Latin American STEM - Igualdad para el Liderazgo en STEM en América Latina). ELLAS pretende mapear las políticas y aspectos de contexto que influyen en las mujeres en STEM (Ciencia, Tecnología, Ingeniería y Matemáticas) en los países de Bolivia, Brasil y Perú, que se encuentran en diferentes niveles de desarrollo. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es una comparación de las principales herramientas de almacenamiento e integración semántica para desarrollar un modelo de datos (modelado, almacenamiento e integración de datos) relacionado con el mapeo de políticas, iniciativas y factores que influyen en el desarrollo profesional de las mujeres en STEM.A arquitetura em camadas da World Wide Web (W3C) define padrões, tecnologias, linguagens e métodos necessários para construir aplicações que envolvem a web semântica. A partir dessa arquitetura de web semântica da W3C, foi desenvolvida a modelagem de dados da plataforma da rede ELLAS (Equality in Leadership for Latin American STEM - Igualdade no Liderança para Mulheres em STEM na América Latina). O objetivo da ELLAS é mapear as políticas e os aspectos contextuais que influenciam as mulheres em STEM (Ciência, Tecnologia, Engenharia e Matemática) nos países da Bolívia, Brasil e Peru, que estão em diferentes níveis de desenvolvimento. O principal objetivo deste trabalho é realizar uma comparação das principais ferramentas de armazenamento e integração semântica para desenvolver um modelo de dados (modelagem, armazenamento e integração de dados) relacionado ao mapeamento de políticas, iniciativas e fatores que influenciam o desenvolvimento profissional das mulheres em STEM

Effect of Slow-Moving Landslides on Churches in the Liguria Region: a Geotechnical Approach

Protecting cultural heritage from water-soil interaction related threats is a current issue and the prediction of the effects induced on buildings by landslides is very challenging. The main difficulties lie in the lack of detailed information about landside movements as well as in the modeling of soil-structure interaction. This paper study the effects of a particular category of slow-moving landslides, namely active rotational and translational slides with movement rates of the order of some mm/year, on buildings of historical and cultural interestsuch as churches. Three case studies located in the Liguria region (Italy) were analyzed by performing FEM and LEM numerical analyses on sections representative of the slope

From Frictional to Viscous Behavior: Three Dimensional Imaging and Rheology of Gravitational Suspensions

We probe the three dimensional flow structure and rheology of gravitational (non-density matched) suspensions for a range of driving rates in a split-bottom geometry. We establish that for sufficiently slow flows, the suspension flows as if it were a dry granular medium, and confirm recent theoretical modeling on the rheology of split-bottom flows. For faster driving, the flow behavior is shown to be consistent with the rheological behavior predicted by the recently developed "inertial number approaches for suspension flows.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, accepted for Phys. Rev. E. (R

Cinematic and aesthetic cartographies of subjective mutation

This article exmaines the use of cinema as a mapping of subjective mutation in the work of Deleuze, Gauttari and Berardi. Drawing on Deleuze's distinciton between the reduction of the art-work to the symptom and the idea of art as symptomatology, the article focuses on Berardi's use of cinematic examples, posing the quesiton in each case of to what extent they function as symptomatologies or mere symptoms of cultural and subjective mutations in examples ranging from Bergman's Persona to Van Sant's Elephant to finish on speculations about Fincher's The Social Network as a cirtical engagement with subjective mutation in the 21st Century

Core charge distribution and self assembly of columnar phases: the case of triphenylenes and azatriphenylenes

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The relation betweeen the structure of discotic molecules and columnar properties, a crucial point for the realization of new advanced materials, is still largely unknown. A paradigmatic case is that hexa-alkyl-thio substituted triphenylenes present mesogenic behavior while the corresponding azatriphenylenes, similar in shape and chemical structure, but with a different core charge distribution, do not form any liquid crystalline mesophase. This study is aimed at investigating, with the help of computer simulations techniques, the effects on phase behaviour of changes of the charge distribution in the discotic core.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We described the shape and the pair, dispersive and electrostatic, interactions of hexa alkyl triphenylenes by uniaxial Gay-Berne discs with embedded point charges. Gay-Berne parameters were deduced by fitting the dispersive energies obtained from an atomistic molecular dynamics simulation of a small sample of hexa-octyl-thio triphenylene molecules in columnar phase, while a genetic algorithm was used to get a minimal set of point charges that properly reproduces the ab anitio electrostatic potential. We performed Monte Carlo simulations of three molecular models: the pure Gay-Berne disc, used as a reference, the Gay-Berne disc with hexa-thio triphenylene point charges, the Gay-Berne disc with hexa-thio azatriphenylene point charges. The phase diagram of the pure model evidences a rich polymorphism, with isotropic, columnar and crystalline phases at low pressure, and the appearance of nematic phase at higher pressure.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>We found that the intermolecular electrostatic potential among the cores is fundamental in sta-bilizing/destabilizing columnar phases; in particular the triphenylene charge distribution stabilizes the columnar structure, while the azatriphenylene distribution suppresses its formation in favor of the nematic phase. We believe the present model could be successfully employed as the basis for coarse-grained level simulations of a wider class of triphenylene derivatives.</p

How to mimic a type A intramural hematoma: A case of IgG4-related aortitis associated with cerebral hemorrhage

IgG4-related aortitis is an inflammatory condition of the aorta, characterized by aortic wall thickening and periaortic soft-tissue involvement. Therefore, this condition can mimic an aortic intramural hematoma (IMH), due to similar radiological findings. We hereby report the case of an IgG4-related aortitis misdiagnosed as an IMH, associated with cerebral hemorrhage, possibly due to cerebral vascular system involvement

Recording Risk Factors of Physical Abuse in Children Younger Than 36 Months With Bone Fractures: A 12-Years Retrospective Study in an Italian General Hospital Emergency Room

Skeletal fractures (SFs) are very common in pediatrics. In some cases, they are secondary to child abuse. Differentiation of accidental from non-accidental fractures (NAFs) is essential as in abused children risk of further injuries leading to severe clinical problems and death is significant. Main objectives of this study were to evaluate the characteristics of SFs of children ≤3 years of age presenting to the Emergency Room (ER) of a Children's Teaching Hospital over a 12-year period and the attention paid by ER physicians to the identification of the indicators that increase suspicion of NAF and that suggest referring of the patient to the child protection agencies. This is a descriptive, retrospective study of the medical records of all the pediatric patients ≤ 36 months of age admitted to the ER of the Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria della Misericordia, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy, for radiological documented SFs between January 1, 2004, and March 31, 2016. Available information was used to evaluate whether indicators of possible child abuse were documented by the ER staff and whether diagnosis of potential abuse was followed by further screening or referral to child protection agencies. During the study period, 11,136 accesses of the ER by children younger than 36 months were documented, among whom 417 presented long bone or skull fractures. Skull fractures were significantly more common among children &lt;12 months of age (p = 0.001), whereas radius/ulna and humerus fractures were diagnosed significantly more frequently in children 12–36 months of age (p = 0.036 and p = 0.022, respectively). Recorded medical history was considered inadequate in 255 (61.2%) cases with no difference related to patient's age. Our study showed that the majority of charts in case of SFs were found to contain inadequate documentation to explain causes at the heart of the fractures and, therefore, to rule out any inflicted trauma. The development of specific referral guidelines, along with the continuous education and training of health professionals, as well as the preparation of structured medical forms, are essential measures to activate in order to improve the referral of children from the ER to child protection agencies

Multifunctional thiosemicarbazones targeting sigma receptors: in vitro and in vivo antitumor activities in pancreatic cancer models

Purpose: Association of the metal chelating portion of thiosemicarbazone with the cytotoxic activity of sigma-2 receptors appears a promising strategy for the treatment of pancreatic tumors. Here, we developed a novel sigma-2 receptor targeting thiosemicarbazone (FA4) that incorporates a moiety associated with lysosome destabilization and ROS increase in order to design more efficient antitumor agents. Methods: The density of sigma receptors in pancreatic cancer cells was evaluated by flow cytometry. In these cells, cytotoxicity (MTT assay) and activation of ER- and mitochondria-dependent cell death pathways (mRNA expression of GRP78, ATF6, IRE1, PERK; ROS levels by MitoSOX and DCFDA-AM; JC-1 staining) induced by the thiosemicarbazones FA4, MLP44, PS3 and ACthio-1, were evaluated. The expression of autophagic proteins (ATG5, ATG7, ATG12, beclin, p62 and LC3-I) was also studied. In addition, the in vivo effect of FA4 in xenograft models with and without gemcitabine challenge was investigated. Results: We found that FA4 exerted a more potent cytotoxicity than previously studied thiosemicarbazones (MLP44, PS3 and ACthio-1), which were found to display variable effects on the ER or the mitochondria-dependent pro-apoptotic axis. By contrast, FA4 activated pro-apoptotic pathways and decreased autophagy, except in MiaPaCa2 cells, in which autophagic proteins were expressed at lower levels and remained unmodified by FA4. FA4 treatment of PANC-1 xenografted mouse models, poorly responsive to conventional chemotherapy, significantly reduced tumor volumes and increased intratumor apoptosis compared to gemcitabine, with no signs of toxicity. Conclusions: Our data indicate that FA4 exhibits encouraging activity in pancreatic cancer cells unresponsive to gemcitabine. These results warrant further investigation in patient-derived pancreatic cancers, and hold promise for the development of therapies that can more efficiently target the specific characteristics of individual tumor types