Murciélagos (Mammalia, Chiroptera) del archipiélago de Cabrera

[spa] Se dan a conocer tres nuevos taxa, no citados hasta ahora, del Archipiélago de Cabrera. El catálogo actual lo componen las siguientes especies: Tadarida teniotis, Hypsugo savii, Pipistrellus cf. pipistrellus, Miniopterus schreibersii, Plecotus austriacus y Myotk sp. Rhinolophus ferrumequinum y R. hipposideros son citas que, por el momento, no deben ser tenidas en cuenta en el catálogo de quirópteros del Archipiélago. Se dan los primeros resultados obtenidos mediante detectores de ultrasonido en las Baleares. Se evalúa la población de murciélagos de Cabrera y se sugieren algunas ideas para potenciar y proteger dichas poblaciones.[fre] On a recueilli trois nouveaux taxa, pas encore cités jusqu'au moment, de I'Archipel de Cabrera. Le catalogue actuel est conformé par les suivants especes: Tadarida teniotis, Hypsugo savii, Pipirelluc cf. pipistrellus, Miniopterus schreibersii, Plecotus austriacus et Myotis sp. Rhinolophus ferrumequinum et R. hipposideros sont des citations, jusqu'au moment, ne doivent pas être considerées dans le catalogue des Quiroptères de I'Archipel de Cabrera. On présente les premières données obtenues avec détecteurs ultrasonics dans les îles Baléares. On évalue la population de Chauves-Souris de Cabrera et on suggere quelques idees pour potencier et protéger ces populations

Distribution of metals and trace elements in adult and juvenile penguins from the Antarctic Peninsula area

Fil: Jerez, Silvia. Área de Toxicología. Facultad de Veterinaria. Universidad de Murcia. Murcia; EspañaFil: Motas, Miguel. Área de Toxicología. Facultad de Veterinaria. Universidad de Murcia. Murcia; EspañaFil: Benzal, Jesús. Departamento de Ecología Funcional y Evolutiva. Estación Experimental de Zonas Árida. CSIC. Almería; EspañaFil: Díaz, Julia Inés. Centro de Estudios en Parasitología y Vectores (CEPAVE). Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Vidal, Virginia. Departamento de Sanidad Animal. Facultad de Veterinaria. Universidad de Murcia. Murcia; EspañaFil: D`Amico, Verónica. Centro Nacional Patagónico (CENPAT). Puerto Madryn. Chubut; ArgentinaFil: Barbosa, Andrés. Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales. CSIC. Madrid; Españ

Pollution and physiological variability in gentoo penguins at two rookeries with different levels of human visitation

Fil: Barbosa, Andres. Departamento Ecología Evolutiva. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales. CSIC. Madrid; EspañaFil: De Mas, Eva. Departamento Ecología Funcional y Evolutiva. Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas. CSIC. Almeria; EsapañaFil: Benzal, Jesús. Departamento Ecología Funcional y Evolutiva. Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas. CSIC. Almeria; EsapañaFil: Díaz, Julia Inés. Centro de Estudios en Parasitología y Vectores (CEPAVE). Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Motas, Miguel. Departamento Toxicología. Facultad de Veterinaria. Universidad de Murcia. Murcia; EspañaFil: Pérez, Silvia. Departamento Toxicología. Facultad de Veterinaria. Universidad de Murcia. Murcia; EspañaFil: Pertierra, Luis. Departamento Ecología. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Madrid; EspañaFil: Benayas, Javier. Departamento Ecología. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Madrid; EspañaFil: Justel, Ana. Departamento Ecología. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Madrid; EspañaFil: Lauzurica, Pilar. Unidad de Activación Inmunológica. Centro Nacional de Microbiología. Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Majadahonda; EspañaFil: García-Peña, Francisco Javier. Laboratorio Central de Veterinaria. Algete; EspañaFil: Serrano, Tania. Laboratorio Central de Veterinaria. Algete; Españ

Age-Related Differences in the Gastrointestinal Microbiota of Chinstrap Penguins (Pygoscelis antarctica)

The gastrointestinal tract microbiota is known to play very important roles in the well being of animals. It is a complex community composed by hundreds of microbial species interacting closely among them and with their host, that is, a microbial ecosystem. The development of high throughput sequencing techniques allows studying the diversity of such communities in a realistic way and considerable work has been carried out in mammals and some birds such as chickens. Wild birds have received less attention and in particular, in the case of penguins, only a few individuals of five species have been examined with molecular techniques. We collected cloacal samples from Chinstrap penguins in the Vapour Col rookery in Deception Island, Antarctica, and carried out pyrosequencing of the V1-V3 region of the 16S rDNA in samples from 53 individuals, 27 adults and 26 chicks. This provided the first description of the Chinstrap penguin gastrointestinal tract microbiota and the most extensive in any penguin species. Firmicutes, Bacteoridetes, Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Tenericutes were the main components. There were large differences between chicks and adults. The former had more Firmicutes and the latter more Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria. In addition, adults had richer and more diverse bacterial communities than chicks. These differences were also observed between parents and their offspring. On the other hand, nests explained differences in bacterial communities only among chicks. We suggest that environmental factors have a higher importance than genetic factors in the microbiota composition of chicks. The results also showed surprisingly large differences in community composition with other Antarctic penguins including the congeneric Adélie and Gentoo penguins.Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectore

Seabird ticks (<i>Ixodes uriae</i>) distribution along the Antarctic Peninsula

The distribution of the tick Ixodes uriae is studied in the South Shetlands and different locations along the Antarctic Peninsula. Ticks were found beneath stones close to penguin rookeries of chinstrap, gentoo and adelie penguin, although no individuals were found parasitized. Our results showed that ticks are not distributed evenly along the Antarctic Peninsula being more common and abundant in the northern part with relative abundances of ticks ranging from 1 to 57 individuals per stone and from 2 to 26% of the stone inspected. Ticks are probably absent in the south.Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectore

How animals distribute themselves in space: energy landscapes of Antarctic avian predators

Background: Energy landscapes provide an approach to the mechanistic basis of spatial ecology and decision- making in animals. This is based on the quantification of the variation in the energy costs of movements through a given environment, as well as how these costs vary in time and for different animal populations. Organisms as diverse as fish, mammals, and birds will move in areas of the energy landscape that result in minimised costs and maximised energy gain. Recently, energy landscapes have been used to link energy gain and variable energy costs of foraging to breeding success, revealing their potential use for understanding demographic changes. Methods: Using GPS-temperature-depth and tri-axial accelerometer loggers, stable isotope and molecular analyses of the diet, and leucocyte counts, we studied the response of gentoo (Pygoscelis papua) and chinstrap (Pygoscelis antarcticus) penguins to different energy landscapes and resources. We compared species and gentoo penguin populations with contrasting population trends. Results: Between populations, gentoo penguins from Livingston Island (Antarctica), a site with positive population trends, foraged in energy landscape sectors that implied lower foraging costs per energy gained compared with those around New Island (Falkland/Malvinas Islands; sub-Antarctic), a breeding site with fluctuating energy costs of foraging, breeding success and populations. Between species, chinstrap penguins foraged in sectors of the energy landscape with lower foraging costs per bottom time, a proxy for energy gain. They also showed lower physiological stress, as revealed by leucocyte counts, and higher breeding success than gentoo penguins. In terms of diet, we found a flexible foraging ecology in gentoo penguins but a narrow foraging niche for chinstraps. Conclusions: The lower foraging costs incurred by the gentoo penguins from Livingston, may favour a higher breeding success that would explain the species’ positive population trend in the Antarctic Peninsula. The lower foraging costs in chinstrap penguins may also explain their higher breeding success, compared to gentoos from Antarctica but not their negative population trend. Altogether, our results suggest a link between energy landscapes and breeding success mediated by the physiological condition. Keywords: Antarctica, Breeding success, Chinstrap penguin Pygoscelis antarcticus, Energy costs, Energy landscapes, Gentoo penguin Pygoscelis papua, Physiological condition, Physiological stress, Population trends, Sub-Antarcti

Pollution and physiological variability in gentoo penguins at two rookeries with different levels of human visitation

Human activity and specifically tourism has been increasing in Antarctica over the last few years. Few studies have examined the indirect effects of human visits on Antarctic penguin rookeries. This work aims to study the differences between a highly visited (Hannah Point) and a rarely visited (Devil's Point, Byers Peninsula) gentoo penguin rookery on Livingston Island. Our results suggest that potential indirect effects of human impact are observed in gentoo penguins at Hannah Point, a colony heavily visited by tourists. Penguins at Hannah Point showed a higher presence of heavy metals such as Pb and Ni and a higher number of erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities than penguins at Devil's Point. Immunological parameters showed different results depending on whether we consider the cellular response -the number of lymphocytes being higher in penguins from Hannah Point- or the humoral response -the level of immunoglobulins being higher in penguins from Devil's Point. Measurements of corticosterone levels in feathers and heterophil/lymphocyte (H/L) ratio in blood showed lower levels in the heavily visited rookery than in the rarely visited rookery. Finally, we did not detect Campylobacter jejuni, a bacteria potentially transmitted by humans in either of the populations and we did not find any difference in the prevalence of Campylobacter lari between the populations.Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectore

Revista de Vertebrados de la Estación Biológica de Doñana

Catálogo descriptivo de los anfibios y reptiles de CubaEvolución estacional de la comunidad de aves en un robledal de Sierra NevadaComposición de la comunidad de aves en pinares del Parque Nacional de Doñana (suroeste de España).Alimentación de la pagaza piconegra (Gelochelidon nilotica) en las marismas del GuadalquivirContaminación xenobiótica del Parque Nacional de Doñana. III. Residuos de insecticidas organoclorados, bifenilos policlorados y metales pesados en ciconiformesAlimentación de la lechuza común Tyto alba en la cuenca del Duero, EspañaEstudio de una población rural de (Mus musculus L.) I. La probabilidad de captura y la estima numéricLa reproducción en Gazella dorcasIncidencia del Nemátodo parásito Skrjabingylus Leuckart, 1842 sobre el Mustela en España.Desplazamientos de ungulados silvestres a través de una zona de ecotono en Doñana.Etograma de la cabra montés (Capra pyrenaica) y comparación con otras especies.Sobre comportamiento agresivo de Triturus marmoratus en época de celoEmbarrancamiento masivo de ejemplares de tortuga lad (Dermochelys coriacea L.) en las costas de Ceuta (España, norte de África)Sobre un ejemplar melánico de Podarcis hispanica (Steindachner, 1870)Nuevos datos sobre la distribución de cuatro especies de reptiles en la provincia de Cádiz.Algunos datos sobre la nidificación de Ciconia nigra L. en sierra Morena (S. España)Observación del halcón de Eleonor (Falco eleonorae) en el centro de EspañaNueva localidad de cría del pájaro moscón (Remiz pendulinus) en la Península IbéricaRegistro de aves en el sur de BoliviaNidificación del paiño de Madeira Oceanodroma castro (Harcourt, 1851) en las Islas Canarias.Observación primaveral de Phalaropus fulicarius L. en el SO de EspañaNuevos datos sobre la presencia del nóctulo gigante Nyctalus lasiopterus (Chiroptera, vespertilionidae) en EspañaNote sur l'alimentation de Martes martes a Menorca (Baleares).Peer reviewe