Effects of soil solarization and some amendments to control verticillium wilt in established olive orchards

The effects of solarization treatments, alone or with organic amendments and urea against verticillium wilt on olives were studied. Trials were carried out during the 2005 - 2007 seasons in an olive orchard consisting of 700 4 - 6 year old trees (cv Gemlik) in Germencik region of Aydin. Five treatments were carried out: Solarization (S), solarization + chicken manure (SCM) (1 kg m-2), solarization + olive processing waste (SOPW) (2 kg m-2), solarization + urea (SU) (100 g m-2) and an untreated control (C). Maximum soil temperatures reached in solarized plots were 54.7 and 43.9°C and in the non-solarized plots were 44.4 and 37.4°C at 5 and 20 cm soil depth, respectively. At the end of two years, the disease incidence and severity index decreased to zero in the treatments that included S. In the SCM treatment and in the control, the highest severity index (8.0) was recorded while the disease incidence slightly decreased from 66.7 to 44.4%. In SOPW plots, the disease severity index decreased to 2.0 and the disease incidence remained the same. In SU plots, the disease severity index decreased from 5.6 to 4.5 and disease incidence slightly decreased to 44.4%. As a result, the trees treated with solarization alone and solarization with olive processing waste showed an increased recovery and symptom remission compared with the initial disease severity and incidence.Key words: Olea europaea, Verticillium dahliae, amendments

SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical features and pregnancy outcomes.

Background: Perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of SARS-CoV-2 infection and pregnancy. Methods: Databases (Medline, Embase, Clinicaltrials.gov, Cochrane Library) were searched electronically on 6th April and updated regularly until 8th June 2020. Reports of pregnant women with reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) confirmed COVID-19 were included. Meta-analytical proportion summaries and meta-regression analyses for key clinical outcomes are provided. Findings: 86 studies were included, 17 studies (2567 pregnancies) in the quantitative synthesis; other small case series and case reports were used to extract rarely-reported events and outcome. Most women (73.9%) were in the third trimester; 52.4% have delivered, half by caesarean section (48.3%). The proportion of Black, Asian or minority ethnic group membership (50.8%); obesity (38.2%), and chronic co-morbidities (32.5%) were high. The most commonly reported clinical symptoms were fever (63.3%), cough (71.4%) and dyspnoea (34.4%). The commonest laboratory abnormalities were raised CRP or procalcitonin (54.0%), lymphopenia (34.2%) and elevated transaminases (16.0%). Preterm birth before 37 weeks' gestation was common (21.8%), usually medically-indicated (18.4%). Maternal intensive care unit admission was required in 7.0%, with intubation in 3.4%. Maternal mortality was uncommon (~1%). Maternal intensive care admission was higher in cohorts with higher rates of co-morbidities (beta=0.007, p<0.05) and maternal age over 35 years (beta=0.007, p<0.01). Maternal mortality was higher in cohorts with higher rates of antiviral drug use (beta=0.03, p<0.001), likely due to residual confounding. Neonatal nasopharyngeal swab RT-PCR was positive in 1.4%. Interpretation: The risk of iatrogenic preterm birth and caesarean delivery was increased. The available evidence is reassuring, suggesting that maternal morbidity is similar to that of women of reproductive age. Vertical transmission of the virus probably occurs, albeit in a small proportion of cases. Funding: N/A

Occurrence of Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum on strawberry transplants in Aydin Province in Turkey

WOS: 000375927300001Samples of strawberry transplants were randomly collected from 47 growers in Aydin province of Turkey. A total of 26 Fusarium oxysporum isolates were identified by morphological characterization, sequence analysis of factor-1 alpha gene, and pathogenicity tests on strawberry, cucumber and tomato seedlings. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the presence of F. oxysporum in strawberry transplants in Turkey.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [110R009]This study was supported by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) under the project no 110R009

Occurrence of fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum on strawberry transplants in Aydın province in Turkey

Samples of strawberry transplants were randomly collected from 47 growers in Aydın province of Turkey. A total of 26 Fusarium oxysporum isolates were identified by morphological characterization, sequence analysis of factor-1 alpha gene, and pathogenicity tests on strawberry, cucumber and tomato seedlings. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the presence of F. oxysporum in strawberry transplants in Turkey. © Australasian Plant Pathology Society Inc. 2016

Rhizoctonia fragariae causes black root rot on strawberry seedlings in Turkey

Samples of strawberry transplants were randomly collected from 47 growers in Aydın province of Turkey. A total of 10 Rhizoctonia isolates were identified by morphological characterization, analysis of rDNA-ITS sequences. Pathogenicity tests were carried on strawberry seedlings and detached stolon. Ten pathogenic binucleate Rhizoctonia isolates were defined as AG-A, AG-G and AG-K on the basis of ITS region sequence analysis. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the presence of Rhizoctonia fragariae in strawberry transplants in Turkey. © 2018, Australasian Plant Pathology Society Inc.110R009Acknowledgments This study was supported by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) under the project no 110R009