Investigation of Combustion Gases of Li-ion, Ni-Cd and Pbq Batteries

Appliances used in everyday life, like smart phones, notebooks; do-it-yourself machineries usually operate with battery instead of power supply. It means comfort to users however; they expose them to different dangers. In the last few years, several fire cases happened in connection with these appliances while charging and usage, which have driven the attention to the dangers of battery technology. Regarding the actuality of the topic, combustion products developing during the burning process of batteries with 1:1 ratio burning experiments were investigated, experiences and results from that are represented in this paper. The aim of the research is to call the attention to the flammability properties of lithium-ion and other batteries, the possible dangers and in case of fire to support the involved personnel

Vitamin D deficiency is associated with impaired disease control in asthma-COPD overlap syndrome patients

INTRODUCTION: The association between vitamin D and clinical parameters in obstructive lung diseases (OLDs), including COPD and bronchial asthma, was previously investigated. As asthma-COPD overlap syndrome (ACOS) is a new clinical entity, the prevalence of vitamin D levels in ACOS is unknown. AIM: Our aim was to assess the levels of circulating vitamin D (25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D]) in different OLDs, including ACOS patients, and its correlation with clinical parameters. METHODS: A total of 106 men and women (control, n=21; asthma, n=44; COPD, n=21; and ACOS, n=20) were involved in the study. All patients underwent detailed clinical examinations; disease control and severity was assessed by disease-specific questionnaires (COPD assessment test, asthma control test, and modified Medical Research Council); furthermore, 25(OH)D levels were measured in all patients. RESULTS: The 25(OH)D level was significantly lower in ACOS and COPD groups compared to asthma group (16.86+/-1.79 ng/mL and 14.27+/-1.88 ng/mL vs 25.66+/-1.91 ng/mL). A positive correlation was found between 25(OH)D level and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (r=0.4433; P<0.0001), forced vital capacity (FVC) (r=0.3741; P=0.0004), forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of FVC (r=0.4179; P<0.0001), and peak expiratory flow (r=0.4846; P<0.0001) in OLD patient groups. Asthma control test total scores and the 25(OH)D level showed a positive correlation in the ACOS (r=0.4761; P=0.0339) but not in the asthma group. Higher COPD assessment test total scores correlated with decreased 25(OH)D in ACOS (r=-0.4446; P=0.0495); however, this was not observed in the COPD group. CONCLUSION: Vitamin D deficiency is present in ACOS patients and circulating 25(OH)D level may affect disease control and severity

Pharmacological preconditioning with gemfibrozil preserves cardiac function after heart transplantation

While heart transplantation (HTX) is the definitive therapy of heart failure, donor shortage is emerging. Pharmacological activation of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) and increased cGMP-signalling have been reported to have cardioprotective properties. Gemfibrozil has recently been shown to exert sGC activating effects in vitro. We aimed to investigate whether pharmacological preconditioning of donor hearts with gemfibrozil could protect against ischemia/reperfusion injury and preserve myocardial function in a heterotopic rat HTX model. Donor Lewis rats received p.o. gemfibrozil (150 mg/kg body weight) or vehicle for 2 days. The hearts were explanted, stored for 1 h in cold preservation solution, and heterotopically transplanted. 1 h after starting reperfusion, left ventricular (LV) pressure-volume relations and coronary blood flow (CBF) were assessed to evaluate early post-transplant graft function. After 1 h reperfusion, LV contractility, active relaxation and CBF were significantly (p < 0.05) improved in the gemfibrozil pretreated hearts compared to that of controls. Additionally, gemfibrozil treatment reduced nitro-oxidative stress and apoptosis, and improved cGMP-signalling in HTX. Pharmacological preconditioning with gemfibrozil reduces ischemia/reperfusion injury and preserves graft function in a rat HTX model, which could be the consequence of enhanced myocardial cGMP-signalling. Gemfibrozil might represent a useful tool for cardioprotection in the clinical setting of HTX surgery soon

A Semmelweis Egyetem extracorporalis membránoxigenizációs programja – az 5 éves Városmajori-eredmények függvényében = The Semmelweis University extracorporeal membrane oxygenation program – 5 years’ results and perspectives

Absztrakt: A mechanikus keringéstámogatás az elmúlt 5 évben programmá fejlődött a Városmajori Szív-és Érgyógyászati Klinikán. Mindehhez szükséges volt a megfelelő Szívtranszplantációs és Szívelégtelenségi Intenzív Osztály kialakítása, valamint a megfelelő eszköz- és humánerőforrás-fejlesztés. Jelenleg már a teljes mechanikus keringéstámogatási arzenállal rendelkezünk, aminek köszönhetően minden indikációban és minden stratégiában ellátást tudunk biztosítani mind rövid, mind közép-, mind pedig hosszú távon a végleges műszívbeültetéssel bezárólag. Munkánkban megvizsgáltuk az elmúlt 5 évben végzett extracorporalis membránoxigenátor (ECMO-) beültetéssel szerzett eredményeinket. Klinikánkon 2012 és 2017 között összesen 140 betegnél alkalmaztunk mechanikus keringéstámogatást, valamennyi esetben konvencionális terápiával nem stabilizálható szívelégtelenség esetén. ECMO-terápiát 111 alkalommal végeztünk: szívátültetést követően 33 alkalommal, 18 alkalommal szívműtét utáni postcardiotomiás szindróma miatt, 37 esetben akut myocardialis infarctus utáni akut keringési elégtelenség miatt, 14 alkalommal végstádiumú szívelégtelen betegek akut keringésmegingása miatt, 4 esetben súlyos légzési elégtelenség, 1 esetben gyógyszermérgezés miatti malignus ritmuszavar, 3 esetben szövődményes katéteres aortaműbillentyű-implantáció állt a háttérben. A 2018. első félévi adataink a korábbi adatok és indikációk tendenciáját tükrözik, az esetszám jelentős emelkedésével. Eredményeink szerint a terápia összesített mortalitása 46% volt. A mechanikus keringéstámogatás eredményeinek vizsgálatakor elengedhetetlen a paradigmaváltás. A mortalitási adatokat nézve betegeink felét elveszítettük, ugyanakkor ebben a betegcsoportban a betegek 100%-a meghalt volna a konvencionális terápia mellett, vagyis az ECMO-terápia sikerességének megítélésekor nem a mortalitási, hanem a túlélési adatokat kell tekinteni. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(46): 1876–1881. | Abstract: The mechanical circulatory support (MCS) program of the Semmelweis University Heart and Vascular Centre has become established over the last five years. The main requirements of our MCS program to be developed first were the Heart Transplantation and Heart Failure Intensive Care Unit and a well trained medical team. The wide range of mechanical circulatory support devices provides suitable background for the adequate treatment of our patients in all indications. In this review, we present our results related to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) supports performed in the last five years. Between 2012 and 2017, we applied MCS support in 140 cases, among them 111 patients received ECMO support. The leading indications of ECMO support were the following: primary graft failure after heart transplantation (33 cases), postcardiotomy cardiogenic shock (18 patients), acute decompensation of end-stage heart failure (14 patients), acute myocardial infarction complicated with refractory cardiogenic shock (37 patients), cardiogenic shock developed after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (3 patients), malignant arrhythmia due to drug intoxication (1 patient) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (4 cases). The mortality of patients receiving ECMO support was 46%. The analysis of the results of ECMO support needs to change our approach. The mortality results show that we lost the half of our patients. However, the mortality in the conventionally treated patients would have been 100% without ECMO. In fact, we could save the life of half of these patients. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(46): 1876–1881

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