Efeito crônico do exercício aeróbico em idosos hipertensos

Objective: To investigate studies in the scientific literature that evaluated the effects of aerobic exercise on blood pressure in the elderly. Methodology: A systematic review of the literature was conducted following the Items of Preferential Reports for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes, recorded in PROSPERO CRD42018114505, databases that were used PubMed (National Library of Medicine) and Cochrane.com the following descriptors ( ("Hypertension" [Mesh] and physical activity and seniors)); ("Hypertension" [Mesh] and aerobic exercises and seniors)). Results: According to the search was found 33 articles following the inclusion criteria was approved four articles to compose the present work. Discussion: In the Lamb Study, R et al. 2018 Simultaneous training reduced the systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure controls, which rivaled the effects reported exclusively by aerobic exercise. In the study by Painter, P.L et al. 2017 There was no difference between the groups in self-report physical function. In the Buford study, TW et al., 2015 provided a summary of an ongoing pilot study providing evidence needed to design a test to test the hypothesis that when combined with regular exercise, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are superior to other antihypertensive therapies. And in the study by Best, A.S et al. 2014 There were no significant differences in age, height, weight or body mass index between the groups. Conclusion: The studies that make up this review advocated the use of aerobic exercise as an intervention and comparison, whose chronic effects influenced by training are beneficial for the elderly. Manuscript information: Number of Figures: 1. Number Of Tables: 4.Objetivo: Investigar estudos na literatura cientifica que avaliaram os efeitos do exercício aeróbico sobre a pressão arterial em idosos. Metodologia: Uma revisão sistemática da literatura foi realizada seguindo os Itens de Relatórios Preferenciais para Revisões Sistemáticas e Meta-Análises, registrada no PROSPERO CRD42018114505, as bases de dados que foram utilizadas PubMed (Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina) e Cochrane.com os seguintes descritores (("Hipertension"[Mesh] and physical activity and seniors)); (("Hipertension"[Mesh] and aerobic exercises and seniors)). Resultado: De acordo as buscas foi encontrado 33 artigos seguindo os criterios de inclusão foi aprovado quatro artigos para compor o presente trabalho. Discussão: No Estudo de Cordeiro, R et al. 2018 o treinamento simultâneo reduziu a Pressão arterial sistólica e Pressão arterial diastólica controles, que rivalizavam com os efeitos relatados exclusivo pelo exercício aeróbico. No estudo de Painter, P.L et al. 2017 Não houve diferença entre os grupos em auto relato função física. No estudo de Buford, T.W et al., 2015 forneceu um resumo de um estudo piloto em andamento fornecendo evidências necessárias para projetar um teste para testar a hipótese de que quando combinados com exercícios regulares, os inibidores da Enzima Conversora de angiotensina (ECA) são superiores a outras terapias anti-hipertensivas. E no estudo de Best, A.S et al. 2014 Não houve diferenças significativas em idade, altura, peso ou índice de massa corporal entre os grupos. Conclusão: Os estudos que compõe esta revisão preconizaram o uso de exercícios físicos aeróbicos como intervenção e quesito de comparação, cujo efeitos crônicos influenciados pelo treinamento são benéficos para os idosos. Informação do manuscrito: Número de Figuras: 1. Número de Tabelas: 4

Protocol study for a randomised, controlled, double-blind, clinical trial involving virtual reality and anodal transcranial direct current stimulation for the improvement of upper limb motor function in children with Down syndrome

Introduction Down syndrome results in neuromotor impairment that affects selective motor control, compromising the acquisition of motor skills and functional independence. The aim of the proposed study is to evaluate and compare the effects of multiple-monopolar anodal transcranial direct current stimulation and sham stimulation over the primary motor cortex during upper limb motor training involving virtual reality on motor control, muscle activity, cerebral activity and functional independence. Methods and analysis A randomised, controlled, double-blind, clinical trial is proposed. The calculation of the sample size will be defined based on the results of a pilot study involving the same methods. The participants will be randomly allocated to two groups. Evaluations will be conducted before and after the intervention as well as 1 month after the end of the intervention process. At each evaluation, three-dimensional analysis of upper limb movement muscle activity will be measured using electromyography, cerebral activity will be measured using an electroencephalogram system and intellectual capacity will be assessed using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children. Virtual reality training will be performed three times a week (one 20 min session per day) for a total of 10 sessions. During the protocol, transcranial stimulation will be administered concomitantly to upper limb motor training. The results will be analysed statistically, with a p valueâ\u89¤0.05 considered indicative of statistical significance. Ethical aspects and publicity The present study received approval from the Institutional Review Board of Universidade Nove de Julho (Sao Paulo,Brazil) under process number 1.540.113 and is registered with the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (N° RBR3PHPXB). The participating institutions have presented a declaration of participation. The volunteers will be permitted to drop out of the study at any time with no negative repercussions. The results will be published and will contribute evidence regarding the use of this type of intervention on children

Transcranial direct current stimulation combined with upper limb functional training in children with spastic, hemiparetic cerebral palsy: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

The aim of the proposed study is to perform a comparative analysis of functional training effects for the paretic upper limb with and without transcranial direct current stimulation over the primary motor cortex in children with spastic hemiparetic cerebral palsy

Assessment of functional mobility and gait during a timed up and go test in adults with total blindness

Background: The loss of vision leads to behavioral and motor adaptations that do not necessarily translate to good functioning with regards to daily tasks.Aim: To investigate differences in functional mobility in adults with total blindness, and analyze differences in spatiotemporal gait variables with and without the use of a cane, and wearing shoes or barefoot.Methods: We used an inertial measurement unit to assess the spatiotemporal parameters of the gait and functional mobility in seven subjects with total blindness and four sighted participants during the timed up and go test (TUG) test performed under conditions: barefoot/shod; and with/without a cane (blind subjects).Results: Significant differences between groups were found in total TUG test time and in the sub-phases when the blind subjects executed the TUG barefoot and without a cane (p < .01). Other differences were found in trunk movement during sit-to-stand, and stand-to-sit where blind subjects when without cane and barefoot, they had a greater range of motion than sighted subjects (p < .01). Also, BMI has a moderate to strong influence in the execution of the TUG in blind subjects (p < .05)Conclusion: This study showed that, when using a gait-assistance device and wearing shoes, blind subjects have similar functional mobility and gait as sighted subjects, suggesting that an external haptic reference can compensate for the lack of vision. Knowledge of these differences can provide a better understanding of the adaptive behavior in this population, thereby assisting in minimizing the occurrence of trauma and falls

Effect of virtual reality training on walking distance and physical fitness in individuals with Parkinson's disease

To evaluate the effects of gait training with virtual reality (VR) on walking distance and physical fitness in individuals with Parkinson's Disease (PD)