Antibodies To Neospora Caninum In Sheep From Slaughterhouses In The State Of Sao Paulo, Brazil

Neosporosis is an emergent disease responsible for considerable economic impact due to reproductive losses. Its zoonotic potential remains unknown. This study involved a survey of antibodies to Neospora caninum in slaughtered sheep and their association with epidemiological variables. Serum samples from 596 sheep from the states of Sao Paulo and Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, were collected in two slaughterhouses located in Sao Paulo and evaluated by indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT), using cut-off titers of 25. Among these samples, 353/596 (59.23%; 95%CI 55.23-63.10) were positive and 263/353 (74.50%; 95%CI 69.71-78.77%) were from Rio Grande do Sul. Statistical associations were determined in the univariate analysis between the serological results and sex, breed and municipality of origin. Sheep that came from extensive breeding system showed higher chance (OR=2.09) of presenting antibodies to N. caninum in relation to those from semi-intensive system. Higher chance was also observed for the different studied breeds, except Bergamacia, in relation to Hampshire Down. The results revealed the presence of infection by N. caninum in sheep from slaughterhouses.2419510

Efeitos da fotobiomodulação (laser 660 nm) no extravasamento de antraciclina: estudo experimental

Objective: to investigate the effect of using different agents (topical hyaluronidase, photobiomodulation, and the association of photobiomodulation with topical hyaluronidase) in preventing the formation of lesions caused by doxorubicin extravasation, as well as in the reduction of lesions formed by extravasation of this drug. Method: a quasi-experimental study conducted with 60 Wistar rats, randomized into four groups with 15 animals each. Group 1 (Control); Group 2 (Hyaluronidase); Group 3 (Photobiomodulation); and Group 4 (Hyaluronidase + Photobiomodulation). A wound was induced by applying 1 mg of doxorubicin to the subcutaneous tissue of the back of the animals. The concentration of topical hyaluronidase was 65 turbidity units/g and the energy employed was 1 joule of 100 mW red laser per square centimeter. With macroscopic evaluation every two days for 28 days, the following variables were observed: skin integrity, presence of blisters, hyperemia, exudate, bleeding, edema, crust, peeling and granulation tissue. Results: the animals from the groups subjected to photobiomodulation obtained better results in the assessment of the following variables: bleeding, hyperemia,  xudate, intact skin and edema. Conclusion: it was evidenced that the association of photobiomodulation with topical hyaluronidase was effective in reducing the local effects and assisted in the wound healing process, and that PBM alone was able to prevent appearance of lesions.Objetivo: investigar el efecto del uso de diferentes agentes (hialuronidasa tópica, fotobiomodulación y la combinación de fotobiomodulación y hialuronidasa tópica) en la prevención de la formación de lesiones causadas por la extravasación de doxorrubicina y en la reducción de las lesiones formadas por la extravasación de ese fármaco. Método: estudio experimental con 60 ratas Wistar, distribuidos aleatoriamente en cuatro grupos de 15 animales. Grupo 1 (Control); Grupo 2 (Hialuronidasa); Grupo 3 (Fotobiomodulación) y Grupo 4 (Hialuronidasa + Fotobiomodulación). La herida se indujo aplicando 1 mg de doxorrubicina por vía subcutánea en el lomo de los animales. La concentración de hialuronidasa tópica fue de 65 unidades de turbidez/g, la energía utilizada fue de 1 joule de láser rojo de 100 mW por centímetro cuadrado. En la evaluación macroscópica cada dos días durante 28 días se observaron las siguientes variables: piel intacta, presencia de flictena, hiperemia, exudado, sangrado, edema, costra, descamación y tejido de granulación. Resultados: los animales de los grupos con fotobiomodulación obtuvieron mejores resultados en la evaluación de las variables: sangrado, hiperemia, exudado, piel intacta y edema. Conclusión: se demostró que la combinación de fotobiomodulación y hialuronidasa tópica fue eficaz para reducir los efectos locales y ayudó en el proceso de cicatrización de heridas y que la FBM por sí sola previno la aparición de lesiones.Objetivo: investigar o efeito do uso de diferentes agentes (hialuronidase tópica, fotobiomodulação e da associação da fotobiomodulação com a hialuronidase tópica) na prevenção de formação de lesões causadas por extravasamento de doxorrubicina bem como na diminuição de lesões formadas pelo extravasamento desta droga. Método: estudo experimental com 60 ratos Wistar, randomizados em quatro grupos de 15 animais. Grupo 1 (Controle); Grupo 2 (Hialuronidase); Grupo 3 (Fotobiomodulação) e Grupo 4 (Hialuronidase + Fotobiomodulação). Induziu-se ferida aplicando 1 mg de doxorrubicina no subcutâneo do dorso dos animais. A concentração da hialuronidase tópica foi de 65 unidades de turbidez/g, a energia empregada foi de 1 joule de laser vermelho 100 mW por centímetro quadrado. Com avaliação macroscópica a cada dois dias por 28 dias, observou-se as variáveis: integridade da pele, presença de flictema, hiperemia, exsudato, sangramento, edema, crosta, descamação e tecido de granulação. Resultados: os animais dos grupos com fotobiomodulação obtiveram melhores resultados na avaliação das variáveis: sangramento, hiperemia, exsudato, pele íntegra e edema. Conclusão: evidenciou-se que a associação da fotobiomodulação com a hialuronidase tópica foi eficaz na diminuição dos efeitos locais e auxiliou no processo de cicatrização da ferida e que a FBM isolada foi capaz de prevenir o aparecimento de lesões

Caracterização antigênica e genotípica de isolados do vírus rábico, de quirópteros da cidade de Botucatu-SP e região

Os morcegos há algum tempo vem recebendo crescente importância em Saúde Pública, pois são considerados os principais reservatórios do vírus da raiva em grande parte do mundo inclusive no Brasil. Apesar dos morcegos manterem ciclos epidemiológicos da raiva há séculos, foi nas últimas décadas que a raiva em morcegos teve seu reconhecimento, por meio de pesquisas sobre o papel destes animais no ciclo epidemiológico da doença e também sobre suas variantes e suas implicações no desenvolvimento de novos reservatórios para o vírus da raiva, principalmente em regiões onde a doença em cães foi controlada. O estado de São Paulo, sob coordenação do Instituto Pasteur, realiza a vigilância epidemiológica para raiva por meio dos laboratórios credenciados para seu diagnóstico, no Laboratório do Serviço de Diagnóstico de Zoonoses da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia – UNESP - Botucatu - SP está credenciado recebendo material para diagnóstico de diversos municípios da região. Entre os anos de 2003 e 2010 foram diagnosticadas como positivas pelas provas de IFD e Prova Biológica, 19 amostras de quirópteros não hematófagos. Estes isolados foram caracterizados antigenicamente pelo painel de anticorpos monoclonais cedido pelo CDCOPAS (Centers of Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USAOrganização Pan-americana de Saúde), revelando que sete destes isolados pertenciam a variante 3, que tem os morcegos hematófagos da espécie Desmodus rotundus como reservatório, além de um morcego insetívoro do gênero Myotis que apresentou variante 4 característica do também morcego insetívoro Tadarida brasiliensis, além de outros três perfis não compatíveis, NC-1, NC-2 e NC-3. Todos os isolados foram submetidos a RT-PCR e seus produtos tiveram o gene da nucleoproteína (N) viral parcialmente...For some time ago, bats are receiving an increased importance in Public Health because they are considered the main reservoirs of rabies virus around the world, including Brazil. Although bats remain the rabies epidemiological cycles for centuries, only in the last decades the rabies in bats had its recognition, throughout researches focused on the role of these animals in the epidemiological cycle of the disease and also on their variants and their implications in the development of new reservoirs for rabies virus, mainly in regions where the disease in dogs was controlled. The state of São Paulo, coordinated by the Institute Pasteur, performs epidemiological surveillance for rabies through registered laboratories for its diagnosis. The labs of Zoonosis Diagnostic Service, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science - UNESP - Botucatu - SP is registered for receiving material for diagnosis of some municipalities of the region. Between 2003 and 2010, 19 samples of nonhematophagous bats were diagnosed as positive by IFD and Biological Evidence. These isolates were antigenically characterized by the panel of monoclonal antibodies donated by PAHO-CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA Pan-American Health), revealing seven of these isolates belonged to variant 3, which has the vampire bat Desmodus rotundus as reservoir, as well as an insectivorous bat of the genus Myotis presenting variant 4, characterisitc of the other insectivorous bat Tadarida brasiliensis, and other three profiles are not compatible, NC-1, NC-2 and NC-3. All isolates were assayed by RT-PCR and their products had the nucleoprotein gene (N) viral partially sequenced, generating a phylogenetic tree that grouped these isolates into four clusters, designated as lineages Nyctinomops, Myotis, Desmodus rotundus, and a new lineage of rabies virus not... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES

Antigenic And Genotypic Characterization Of Rabies Virus Isolated From Bats (mammalia: Chiroptera) From Municipalities In So Paulo State, Southeastern Brazil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Bats have aroused growing attention in the public health sphere because they are considered the main reservoir of rabies virus (RABV) in the Americas, in places where canine rabies is under control. Antigenic and genetic studies of RABV isolates have been used to describe the epidemiological profile of rabies and to identify possible hosts/reservoirs for different epidemiological cycles. This study describes the antigenic and genotypic characterization of 19 RABV isolates from central nervous system samples of non-hematophagous bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera). These bats were diagnosed as RABV positive by direct fluorescent antibody and mouse inoculation tests. Antigenic characterization using a panel of eight monoclonal antibodies revealed that 7 of 19 RABV isolates from these bats belonged to variant 3, for which the hematophagous bat species Desmodus rotundus is the main reservoir, and 1 of 19 RABV isolates from an insectivorous bat belonged to variant 4, which is characteristic of these bats. The remaining 11 RABV samples were divided into six non-compatible profiles. The isolates were subjected to reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for the N gene and partially sequenced. Genetic characterization of these isolates was performed by grouping the sequences obtained with known RABV lineages. The sequences were grouped in clusters by the phylogenetic inference neighbor-joining method, together with another 89 homologous sequences obtained from GenBank. This analysis grouped the isolates into four known lineages: Nyctinomops Brazil, Myotis Brazil, Eptesicus Brazil and D. rotundus Brazil, as well as another cluster that may define a RABV lineage not yet characterized, here named Myotis Brazil II, for which bats of the genus Myotis apparently act as reservoirs. This assumption of a new lineage is also based on the observation of amino acid substitutions, with an average intraspecific identity of 99.8%, varying from 99.6 to 100.0% for nucleotides and 100.0% for amino acids.162512011209Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) [2015/07627-4]Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

Anticorpos anti-Toxoplasma gondii e anti-Neospora caninum em cães da zona rural do município de Botucatu, São Paulo, Brasil

Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum are protozoa and important agents of systemic disease in several animal species, including dogs. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of IgG antibodies anti-N. caninum and T. gondii in serum samples of dogs from rural area of Botucatu-SP. The serological titers were correlated with age, sex and breed. A total of 689 healthy dogs, 298 (43.3%) females and 391 males (56.7%) were randomly selected for the study. Animals were divided into three age groups: younger than 12 months (11.32%), aged between one and five years (73.58%) and more than five years old (15.09%). A total of 180 (26.1%) were breed and 509 (73.9%) mongrel. Of total samples, 144 (21%) samples were positive for the presence of anti-T. gondii and 78 (11.3%) for anti-N. caninum antibodies. Correlation was found between antibody titles and age, for the two infections, which did not occur with respect to gender and breed.Toxoplasma gondii y Neospora caninum son protozoários importantes que causan enfermedad sistémica en muchas especies animales, incluyendo perros. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la frecuencia de anticuerpos IgG contra N. caninum y contra T. gondii en muestras de suero de los perros de las zonas rurales de Botucatu-SP, la correlación serológica con la edad, sexo y raza. Un total de 689 perros sanos, 298 hembras (43,3%) y 391 machos(56,7%) fueron seleccionados al azar para participar del estudio. Se agruparon en tres grupos de edad: menores de 12 meses (11,32%), con edades comprendidas entre uno y cinco años (73,58%) y más de cinco años (15,09%). 180 (26,1%) eran de raza definida y 509 (73,9%) mestizo. Del total de muestras, 144 (21%) fueron positivas para la presencia de anticuerpos contra T. gondii y 78 (11,3%) para anticurpos contra N. caninum. Se encontró correlación entre los títulos de anticuerpos y la edad, para ambas infecciones, lo que no ocurrió con respecto al género y la raza.Toxoplasma gondii e Neospora caninum são protozoários importantes causadores de doença sistêmica em muitas espécies animais, inclusive os cães. O objetivo do presente estudo foi determinar a frequência de anticorpos da classe IgG anti-N. caninum e anti-T. gondii em amostras de soros de cães da zona rural do município de Botucatu-SP, correlacionando os títulos sorológicos com a idade, sexo e raça dos animais. Um total de 689 cães hígidos, 298 (43,3%) fêmeas e 391 (56,7%) machos foram selecionados, aleatoriamente, para participarem do estudo. Estes, foram agrupados em três faixas etárias: menores de 12 meses (11,32%), com idades entre um e cinco anos (73,58%) e maiores de cinco anos (15,09%), sendo que 180 (26,1%) tinham raça definida e 509 (73,9%) não. Do total de amostras, 144 (21%) foram positivas para a presença de anticorpos anti-T. gondii e 78 (11,3%) para anticorpos anti-N. caninum. Foi observada correlação estatística entre os títulos de anticorpos e idade, para as duas infecções, o que não ocorreu com relação ao sexo e a raça

Antibodies to Neospora caninum in sheep from slaughterhouses in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil

Neosporosis is an emergent disease responsible for considerable economic impact due to reproductive losses. Its zoonotic potential remains unknown. This study involved a survey of antibodies to Neospora caninum in slaughtered sheep and their association with epidemiological variables. Serum samples from 596 sheep from the states of Sao Paulo and Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, were collected in two slaughterhouses located in Sao Paulo and evaluated by indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT), using cut-off titers of 25. Among these samples, 353/596 (59.23%; 95%CI 55.23-63.10) were positive and 263/353 (74.50%; 95%CI 69.71-78.77%) were from Rio Grande do Sul. Statistical associations were determined in the univariate analysis between the serological results and sex, breed and municipality of origin. Sheep that came from extensive breeding system showed higher chance (OR=2.09) of presenting antibodies to N. caninum in relation to those from semi-intensive system. Higher chance was also observed for the different studied breeds, except Bergamacia, in relation to Hampshire Down. The results revealed the presence of infection by N. caninum in sheep from slaughterhouses.A neosporose é uma doença emergente responsável por considerável impacto econômico devido a perdas reprodutivas e seu potencial zoonótico permanece desconhecido. Este estudo envolveu a pesquisa de anticorpos para Neospora caninum em ovinos abatidos e sua associação com variáveis epidemiológicas. Amostras de soro sanguíneo de 596 ovinos, procedentes dos estados de São Paulo e Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, foram colhidas em dois abatedouros localizados em São Paulo, e avaliadas pelo teste de reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI), utilizando-se como ponto de corte o título de 25. Dentre essas amostras, 353/596 (59,23%; IC95% 55,23-63,10) foram positivas e dentre os ovinos positivos 263/353 (74,50%; IC95% 69,71-78,77%) eram procedentes do Rio Grande do Sul. Associações estatísticas foram determinadas na análise univariada entre os resultados sorológicos e o sexo, raça e município de origem. Ovinos oriundos de sistema de criação extensivo demonstraram maior chance (OR=2.09) de apresentarem anticorpos para N. caninum em relação aos de sistema semi-intensivo. Uma maior chance também foi observada para as diferentes raças estudadas, exceto Bergamácia, em relação à raça Hampshire Down. Os resultados revelaram a presença de infecção por N. caninum em ovinos de abatedouros

Antibodies to Neospora caninum in sheep from slaughterhouses in the state of São Paulo, Brazil

Neosporosis is an emergent disease responsible for considerable economic impact due to reproductive losses. Its zoonotic potential remains unknown. This study involved a survey of antibodies to Neospora caninum in slaughtered sheep and their association with epidemiological variables. Serum samples from 596 sheep from the states of São Paulo and Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, were collected in two slaughterhouses located in São Paulo and evaluated by indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT), using cut-off titers of 25. Among these samples, 353/596 (59.23%; 95%CI 55.23-63.10) were positive and 263/353 (74.50%; 95%CI 69.71-78.77%) were from Rio Grande do Sul. Statistical associations were determined in the univariate analysis between the serological results and sex, breed and municipality of origin. Sheep that came from extensive breeding system showed higher chance (OR=2.09) of presenting antibodies to N. caninum in relation to those from semi-intensive system. Higher chance was also observed for the different studied breeds, except Bergamácia, in relation to Hampshire Down. The results revealed the presence of infection by N. caninum in sheep from slaughterhouses

Active surveillance of canine visceral leishmaniasis and american trypanossomiasis in rural dogs from non endemic area

A leishmaniose visceral canina (LVC) e a tripanossomíase americana são importantes zoonoses para a saúde pública que encontram no cão o principal reservatório doméstico para o homem. O trabalho procurou estimar a prevalência de anticorpos circulantes anti-Trypanosoma cruzi e anti-Leishmania spp., em amostras de cães provenientes da zona rural do município de Botucatu, SP. Durante a campanha de vacinação antirrábica canina da zona rural do município, foram coletadas 689 amostras de soro e processadas pela técnica de imunofluorescência indireta. Os testes sorológicos revelaram a ausência de anticorpos anti-Leishmania spp. e, na pesquisa dos anticorpos anti-T. cruzi, foram detectados 3 (0,4%) cães.The canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) and american trypanosomiasis are important zoonoses in public health and dogs are the main domestic reservoir of the parasite for humans. The goal of this study was to estimate the prevalence of circulating antibodies anti-Trypanosoma cruzi and anti-Leishmania sp. in sera of dogs from the rural area of Botucatu, SP, Brazil. During the annual vaccination campaign against canine rabies in rural area, 689 blood samples were taken and processed by indirect immunofluorescent antibody test. The serological tests revealed the absence of antibodies anti-Leishmania spp., but anti-T. cruzi antibodies were detected in 3 (0.4%) dogs