East and west separation of Rhipicephalus sanguineus mitochondrial lineages in the Mediterranean Basin

Background: Rhipicephalus sanguineus belongs to a complex of hard tick species with high veterinary-medical significance. Recently, new phylogenetic units have been discovered within R. sanguineus, which therefore needs taxonomic revision. The present study was initiated to provide new information on the phylogeography of relevant haplotypes from less studied regions of Europe and Africa. With this aim, molecular-phylogenetic analyses of two mitochondrial markers were performed on 50 ticks collected in Hungary, the Balkans, countries along the Mediterranean Sea, Kenya and Ivory Coast. Results: In the "temperate lineage" of R. sanguineus, based on cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) and 16S rRNA genes, Rhipicephalus sp. I was only found in the eastern part of the Mediterranean Basin (with relatively homogenous haplotypes), whereas Rhipicephalus sp. II occurred in the middle-to-western part of this region (with phylogenetically dichotomous haplotypes). Ticks identified as R. leporis (based on morphology and cox1 gene) were found in Kenya and Ivory Coast. These clustered phylogenetically within R. sanguineus (s.l.) ("tropical lineage"). Conclusions: In the Mediterranean Basin two mitochondrial lineages of R. sanguineus, i. e. Rhipicephalus sp. I and Rhipicephalus sp. II exist, which show different geographical distribution. Therefore, data from this study confirm limited gene flow between Rhipicephalus sp. I and Rhipicephalus sp. II, but more evidence (analyses of nuclear markers, extensive morphological and biological comparison etc.) are necessary to infer if they belong to different species or not. The phylogenetic relationships of eastern and western African ticks, which align with R. leporis, need to be studied further within R. sanguineus (s.l.) ("tropical lineage")

N,N’-Substituted 1,2,5 Thiadiazolidine 1,1-Dioxides: Synthesis, Selected Chemical and Spectral Proprieties and Antimicrobial Evaluation †

The sulfamide functional group is increasingly relevant in both medicinal and bioorganic chemistry. We report here practical access to a series of N2,N5-substituted five-membered cyclosulfamides. The five-membered heterocyclic motif was prepared starting from proteogenic amino acids and chlorosulfonyl isocyanate via the Mitsunobu reaction. Selected chemical and spectral proprieties and the antimicrobial evaluation of these compounds are detailed

Non algebraic limit cycles for family of autonomous polynomial planar differential systems

We consider a class of autonomous planar polynomial differentialsystems on the plane, we provide sufficient conditions for the existenceof hyperbolic non algebraic limit cycle. Additionally, limit cycle isexplicitly given in polar coordinates

Determination of an equivalent continuum mechanical model for the fractured EDZ around underground galleries by homogenization

International audienceAn equivalent continuum model (ECM) is proposed in order to represent the hydromechanical behaviour of the fractured excavation-damaged zone (EDZ) around deep underground galleries excavated in claystone. The fractures observed in these galleries show a regular trend that makes a possible elaboration of the ECM based on theoretical homogenization methods. The ECM that is first established for plane fracture surfaces is then extended to curved, conical shape fracture surfaces based on some simplification assumptions. Stress and displacement fields have been compared around the EDZ by using the ECM in a numerical simulation or by introducing the fractures individually as discontinuities in the model. The results show that although the size of the EDZ is too small compared with that of the representative elementary volume considered in homogenization approaches, the ECM obtained in this way seems to reproduce a well fractured EDZ behaviour. © 2013 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC

Molecular Structure, HOMO-LUMO, MEP and Fukui Function Analysis of Some TTF-donor Substituted Molecules Using DFT (B3LYP) Calculations

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Molecular Structure, HOMO-LUMO, MEP and Fukui Function Analysis of Some TTF-donor Substituted Molecules Using DFT (B3LYP) Calculations

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Quatum chemical studies on molecular structure and reactivity descriptors of some p-nitrophenyl tetrathiafulvalenes by density functional theory (DFT)

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Quatum chemical studies on molecular structure and reactivity descriptors of some p-nitrophenyl tetrathiafulvalenes by density functional theory (DFT)

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