Atributos de calidad del aceite de café Arábica tostado extraído por prensado: composición, actividad antioxidante, factor de protección solar y otros parámetros físicos y químicos

This research reports a comprehensive characterization of the composition profile and physical and chemical characteristics of roasted Arabica coffee oil obtained by mechanical pressing. The oil presented a peroxide value of 3.21 meq·kg-1 and an acid value of 7.3 mg KOH·g-1. A higher proportion of unsaturated fatty acids (58%), predominantly linoleic (L) and palmitic (P) acids, was observed; PLL and PLP were estimated as the main triacylglycerols. The oil was characterized by high contents in diterpenes and tocopherols (3720 and 913 mg·100g-1, respectively), the presence of caffeine and chlorogenic acids, as well as a high sun protection factor (9.7) and ABTS free radical-scavenging capacity (12.5 mg Trolox·mL-1). Among the 35 volatile compounds studied, furfurythiol and pyrazines were the main components of the oil. These properties showed that roasted coffee oil has good potential for use in food and cosmetics.Esta investigación reporta una caracterización completa del perfil de composición y características físicas y químicas del aceite de café Arábica tostado obtenido por prensado mecánico. El aceite presentó un índice de peróxido de 3,21 meq·kg-1 y un índice de acidez de 7,3 mg de KOH·g-1. Se observó una mayor proporción de ácidos grasos insaturados (58%), ácido linoleico, (L) y palmítico (P); PLL y PLP se estimaron como los principales triacilgliceroles. El aceite se caracterizó por un alto contenido de diterpenos y tocoferoles (3720 y 913 mg·100g-1, respectivamente), la presencia de cafeína y ácidos clorogénicos, así como un alto factor de protección solar (9,7) y capacidad de captación de radicales libres ABTS (12,5 mg de Trolox·mL-1). Entre los 35 compuestos volátiles estudiados, el furfuritiol y las pirazinas fueron los componentes principales del aceite. Estas propiedades mostraron que el aceite de café tostado tiene un buen potencial para su uso en alimentos y cosméticos

Teores De Diterpenos Em Bebidas De Café Espresso Preparadas Com Cápsulas Comerciais

The objective of this work was to quantify kahweol and cafestol diterpenes in coffee brews prepared from commercial capsules for espresso in the Brazilian market. Four types of brews, with five preparation replications, were evaluated. The capsules had differences in the amount and type of roasted and ground coffees used (blends of arabica and robusta coffee or 100% arabica coffee), and in the conditions of time and volume of extraction (dose) recommended by the manufacturer. The coffee brews presented 1.42 and 4.88 g of solids/100 mL. Concentration of solids decreased with the increase in time/volume extraction. Contents of 0.47 to 1.04 mg of kahweol and 0.38 to 0.92 mg of cafestol by dose (ranging from 35 to 120 mL) were observed. These contents corresponded to a range of 0.40 to 2.96 mg of kahweol/100 mL and 0.32 to 2.62 mg of cafestol/100 mL. The fraction of diterpenes extracted varied from 1.85 to 4.27% for kahweol and 1.87 to 4.16% for cafestol. Considering the contents of cafestol, there is no indication of a hypercholesterolemic effect due to a moderate consumption of coffee brews prepared from these commercial capsules. © 2016, Editora UFLA. All rights reserved.11227628

Prevention of congenital malformations and other adverse pregnancy outcomes with 4.0 mg of folic acid : community-based randomized clinical trial in Italy and the Netherlands

Background: In 2010 a Cochrane review confirmed that folic acid (FA) supplementation prevents the first- and second-time occurrence of neural tube defects (NTDs). At present some evidence from observational studies supports the hypothesis that FA supplementation can reduce the risk of all congenital malformations (CMs) or the risk of a specific and selected group of them, namely cardiac defects and oral clefts. Furthermore, the effects on the prevention of prematurity, foetal growth retardation and pre-eclampsia are unclear.Although the most common recommendation is to take 0.4 mg/day, the problem of the most appropriate dose of FA is still open.The aim of this project is to assess the effect a higher dose of peri-conceptional FA supplementation on reducing the occurrence of all CMs. Other aims include the promotion of pre-conceptional counselling, comparing rates of selected CMs, miscarriage, pre-eclampsia, preterm birth, small for gestational age, abruptio placentae.Methods/Design: This project is a joint effort by research groups in Italy and the Netherlands. Women of childbearing age, who intend to become pregnant within 12 months are eligible for the studies. Women are randomly assigned to receive 4 mg of FA (treatment in study) or 0.4 mg of FA (referent treatment) daily. Information on pregnancy outcomes are derived from women-and-physician information.We foresee to analyze the data considering all the adverse outcomes of pregnancy taken together in a global end point (e.g.: CMs, miscarriage, pre-eclampsia, preterm birth, small for gestational age). A total of about 1,000 pregnancies need to be evaluated to detect an absolute reduction of the frequency of 8%. Since the sample size needed for studying outcomes separately is large, this project also promotes an international prospective meta-analysis.Discussion: The rationale of these randomized clinical trials (RCTs) is the hypothesis that a higher intake of FA is related to a higher risk reduction of NTDs, other CMs and other adverse pregnancy outcomes. Our hope is that these trials will act as catalysers, and lead to other large RCTs studying the effects of this supplementation on CMs and other infant and maternal outcomes.Trial registration: Italian trial: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01244347.Dutch trial: Dutch Trial Register ID: NTR3161

Shelf Life Extension Of Individually Film-wrapped Mangoes

Mangoes cv. Keitt were individually sealed in a heat-shrinkable polyolefin film (D-955) and a low-density polyethylene film (LDPE), stored for 0-5 weeks at 12°C and 17°C, and then ripened unwrapped at 22°C. Weight loss of packaged mangoes was significantly lower than that of the non-wrapped control. A sensory panel ranked the mangoes for overall eating quality and appearance. D-955 and LDPE film-sealed mangoes and control had shelf lives of 33, 15 and 7 days at 12°C and 17,10 and 7 days at 17°C, respectively.374249255(1985) Official Methods of Analysis, , Washington, DC: Association of Official Analytical ChemistsBen-Yehoshua, S., Individual seal-packaging of fruit and vegetables in plastic film - A new postharvest technique (1985) HortScience, 20, pp. 32-37Chaplin, G.R., Cole, S.P., Landrigan, M., Nuevo, P.A., Lam, P.F., Graham, D., Chilling injury and storage of mango (Mangifera indica L.) fruit held under low temperatures (1991) Acta Horticulticulturae, 291, pp. 461-471Hulme, A.C., (1971) The Biochemistry of Fruits and Their Products, 2. , New York: Academic PressKrishnamurthy, S., Subramanyan, H., Pre- and post-harvest physiology of the mango fruit: A review (1973) Tropical Science, 15, pp. 167-193Medlicott, A.P., Sigrist, J.M.M., S., O., Ripening of mangos following low-temperature storage (1990) Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 15, pp. 430-434Miller, W.R., Hale, P.W., Spalding, D.H., Davis, P., Quality and decay of mango fruit wrapped in heat-shrinkable film (1983) HortScience, 18, pp. 957-958Miller, W.R., Spalding, D.H., Hale, P.W., Film wrapping mangoes at advancing stages of post-harvest ripening (1986) Tropical Science, 26, pp. 9-17(1985) SAS User's Guide: Statistics, Version 5 Edn., , Cary: SAS Institute IncStone, H., Sidel, J.L., (1985) Sensory Evaluation Practices, , Orlando: Academic Pres