Baryogenesis from Unstable Domain Walls

There exists a class of cosmic strings that turn matter into antimatter (Alice strings). In a GUT where the unbroken gauge group contains charge conjugation ($C$), such strings form when a phase transition renders $C$ a discrete symmetry. They become boundaries of domain walls at a later, $C$-breaking transition. These `Alice walls' are cosmologically harmless, but can play an important role in baryogenesis. We present a three-generation toy model with scalar baryons, where a quasi-static Alice wall (or a gas of such walls) temporarily gives rise to net baryogenesis of uniform sign everywhere in space. This becomes a permanent baryon excess if the wall shrinks away early enough. We comment on the possible relevance of a similar mechanism to baryogenesis in a realistic \soten unification model, where Alice walls would form at the scale of left-right symmetry breaking.Comment: SLAC-PUB-5828, May 92. 28 pp. Seven figures (not included). Use PHYZZ

Cryopreservation of a whole liver

Preservation of vascularized organs such as the liver is limited to 24hrs. before destructive processes disqualify it for transplantation. This narrow time window prevents surgeons from performing optimal pathogen screening and matching tests which often lead to re-transplantation. Numerous problems are associated with viably freezing and thawing a whole liver: complicated geometry, poor heat transfer, release of latent heat and the difficulty of generating a uniform cooling rate. Our past success led us to apply our novel freezing technique to a larger solid organ, the liver. Whole livers were frozen/thawed using a directional solidification apparatuses; viability was tested by means of integrity and functionality in vitro and in auxiliary liver transplantation. Thawed livers were intact with over 80% viability; histology revealed normal architecture, bile production and blood flow following auxillary transplantation where normal. Our results suggest a novel cryopreservation method and may enable better organ donor-recipient matching in the futur

Mode-ray duality

Earlier results in the theory of terrestrial radio waves are applied to seismology. A partial field of the complete eigen-value solution for a sphere can be interpreted as real rays. Watson's transformation and the WKBJ approximation are employed to establish links between the index trio (l, m, n) of a mode and the corresponding parameters of the ray trajectory associated with this mode. It is shown that Snell's law for rays and Jean's formula are complementary. The condition of constructive interference is expressed as an integral equation for the eigen-frequencies _nω_l

Spectral response of an elastic sphere to dipolar point-sources

A stratified elastic sphere is excited by an harmonic dipolar source of arbitrary orientation and depth. The total field is expanded in series of vector spherical harmonics and then condensed into a convenient form of a displacement dyadic. The Haskell-Gilbert matrix method is employed to obtain the radial factor of the displacements for a multilayered sphere. The dependence of the field on the azimuth angle and the fault elements is obtained for the case of a double-couple at depth. Expressions are also developed for the radiation pattern of surface waves over a spherical stratified earth

An Operational Representation of the Addition Theorems for Spherical Waves

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/113752/1/sapm1962411201.pd

Superconductivity Solves the Monopole Problem for Alice Strings

Alice strings are cosmic strings that turn matter into antimatter. Although they arise naturally in many GUT's, it has long been believed that because of the monopole problem they can have no cosmological effects. We show this conclusion to be false; by using the Langacker-Pi mechanism, monopoles can in fact be annihilated while Alice strings are left intact. This opens up the possibility that they can after all contribute to cosmology, and we mention some particularly important examples.Comment: 16 pages, 7 figures (not included

The Equivalent Force System Of A Monopole Source In A Fluid-Filled Open Borehole

The elastodynamic body-wave field outside a fluid-filled open borehole due to a monopole source in the fluid, is reduced to the radiation-field due to a suitable equivalent force system (EFS) in the absence of the borehole, consisting of a monopole plus a vertical dipole. Theoretical seismograms of the EFS displacements in the solid are shown to be in excellent agreement with those obtained from the exact solution to the fluid-filled open borehole problem.United States. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (Contract F1962889-K-0020

Source-mechanism from spectra of long-period seismic surface waves. 3. The Alaska earthquake of July 10, 1958

Source-mechanism is derived from amplitude and phase spectra of mantle Love and Rayleigh waves of the Alaska earthquake of July 10, 1958. The signals R_2, R_3, G_2, G_4, G_5 recorded on the Gilman 80–90 and the Press-Ewing 30–90 seismograph systems at Pasadena, California, are separated, digitized, filtered and Fourier-analyzed. An agreement between theory and observations is obtained for a unilateral fault of 300–350 km, which ruptured with a speed of 3-3.5 km/sec in the direction N40°W. Fault length is in good agreement with the extent of aftershock distribution in the month of July, 1958, and the time of rupture checks with the duration of an impressive T-phase recorded at Hawaii. The phases of the signals are corrected for propagation, instrumental shift and the source finiteness. Initial phases thus obtained agree on a mechanism of a right double-couple with a unit step-function in time