Relación entre composición corporal, ingesta dietética, lípidos sanguíneos y funcionalidad en personas de edad avanzada : estudio longitudinal SENECA en España

En 1988 Euronut organizó un estudio semilongitudinal y multicéntrico denominado Seneca en 19 centros de 12 países europeos, con el fin de estudiar como las diferencias existentes en los modelos dietéticos y el estilo de vida afectan a la salud y funcionalidad de los ancianos. Betanzos fue el centro español participante donde fueron estudiados 86 individuos tanto en el estudio base como en el de seguimiento. El objetivo concreto de esta tesis es la descripción del estado nutricional de la muestra española juzgado mediante medidas antropométricas, nivel de lípidos en sangre, dieta y funcionalidad, así como el análisis de los cambios producidos en estos aspectos en el periodo 1989-1993. Se estudia igualmente la relación entre los datos de composición corporal, dieta, lipemia y funcionalidad obtenidos en el seguimiento (1993). Para ello se siguió la misma metodología estandarizada en 1989 y 1993 para la obtención de los distintos datos. La capacidad funcional se evaluó mediante una prueba subjetiva acerca de la facilidad del individuo para realizar las actividades de la vida diaria y además en el seguimiento, mediante un test objetivo comparándose los resultados obtenidos por ambos método

Dietary β-Cryptoxanthin and α-Carotene Have Greater Apparent Bioavailability Than β-Carotene in Subjects from Countries with Different Dietary Patterns.

β-carotene, α-carotene and β-cryptoxanthin are greater contributors to vitamin A intake than retinol in the human diet for most people around the world. Their contribution depends on several factors, including bioavailability and capacity of conversion into retinol. There is an increasing body of research showing that the use of retinol activity equivalents or retinol equivalents could lead to the underestimation of the contribution of β-cryptoxanthin and of α-carotene. The aim is to assess their apparent bioavailability by comparing concentrations in blood to their dietary intakes and identifying the major food contributors to their dietary intake. Dietary intake (3-day 24-h records) and serum concentrations (by HPLC) were calculated in normolipemic subjects with adequate retinol status (≥1.1 µmol/L) from our studies (n = 633) and apparent bioavailability calculated from 22 other studies (n = 29,700). Apparent bioavailability was calculated as the ratio of concentration in the blood to carotenoid intake. Apparent bioavailabilities for α-carotene and β-cryptoxanthin were compared to those for β-carotene. Eating comparable amounts of α-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin and β-carotene foods resulted in 55% greater α-carotene (95% CI 35, 90) and 686% higher β-cryptoxanthin (95% CI 556, 1016) concentrations than β-carotene in blood. This suggests differences in the apparent bioavailability of α-carotene and β-cryptoxanthin and even larger differences with β-cryptoxanthin, greater than that of β-carotene. Four fruits (tomato, orange, tangerine, red pepper) and two vegetables (carrot, spinach) are the main contributors to their dietary intake (>50%) in Europeans.post-print579 K

Culinary nutrition in gastronomic sciences. A review

Culinary nutrition is proposed as a new terminology that can be a useful resource to consider when trying to provide nutritional education to gastronomy students. Here, we present a bibliographic review of the literature related to the terms Culinary Nutrition and/or Culinary Medicine. This review has focused on the culinary nutrition education provided to students, especially gastronomy students. The future direction of this novel term is uncertain yet, so it is necessary to critically reflect and investigate about this issue, where nutrition and gastronomy must go together and with a common goal, which is the promotion of health and the prevention of diseases associated with an unbalanced diet

Oportunidades y desafíos para una alimentación saludable en la restauración colectiva y canal HORECA

II Congreso de Alimentación, Nutrición y Dietética. Avances en Nutrición y Dietética Clínica: Prevención, Tratamiento y Gestión - Rol del Dietista-Nutricionist

Predictors of macular pigment and contrast threshold in Spanish healthy normolipemic subjects (45–65 years) with habitual food intake.

Introduction The dietary carotenoids lutein (L) and zeaxanthin (Z) are transported in the bloodstream by lipoproteins, sequestered by adipose tissue, and eventually captured in the retina where they constitute macular pigment. There are no L&Z dietary intake recommendations nor desired blood/tissue concentrations for the Spanish general population. Our aim was to assess the correlation of L&Z habitual dietary intake (excluding food supplements), resulting serum concentrations and lipid profile with macular pigment optical density (MPOD) as well as the contrast sensitivity (CT), as visual outcome in normolipemic subjects (n = 101) aged 45–65. Methods MPOD was measured by heterochromatic flicker photometry, serum L&Z by HPLC, the dietary intake by a 3-day food records and CT using the CGT-1000-Contrast-Glaretester at six stimulus sizes, with and without glare. Results Lutein and zeaxanthin concentrations (median) in serum: 0.361 and 0.078 μmol/L, in dietary intake: 1.1 mg L+Z/day. MPOD: 0.34du. L+Z intake correlates with their serum concentrations (rho = 0.333, p = 0.001), which in turn correlates with MPOD (rho = 0.229, p = 0.000) and with fruit and vegetable consumption (rho = 0.202, p = 0.001), but not with lutein+zeaxanthin dietary intake. MPOD correlated with CT, with and without glare (rho ranges: -0.135, 0.160 and -0.121, –0.205, respectively). MPOD predictors: serum L+Z, L+Z/HDL-cholesterol (β-coeficient: -0.91±0.2, 95%CI: -1.3,-0.5) and HDL-cholesterol (R2 = 15.9%). CT predictors: MPOD, mainly at medium and smaller visual angles (corresponding to spatial frequencies for which sensitivity declines with age) and gender (β-coefficients ranges: -0.95,-0.39 and -0.13,-0.39, respectively). Conclusion A higher MPOD is associated with a lower ratio of L+Z/HDL-cholesterol and with a lower CT (higher contrast sensitivity). The HDL-cholesterol would also act indirectly on the CT improving the visual function.post-print1201 K

Changes in Lutein Status Markers (Serum and Faecal Concentrations, Macular Pigment) in Response to a Lutein-Rich Fruit or Vegetable (Three Pieces/Day) Dietary Intervention in Normolipemic Subjects.

post-print1253 K

La carne de vacuno en la alimentación humana

36 páginas, 2 Figuras, 7 Tablas.-- Publicaciones. Serie "Divulgación", Nº 16 Madrid, 2001.El «buen comer» se puede considerar desde dos puntos de vista distintos: como una necesidad y como un placer. En primer lugar, el hombre necesita alimentarse para mantener su salud y actividad. Con este fin, y dado su carácter de omnívoro, puede utilizar una amplia variedad de alimentos que le proporcionan la energía y todos los nutrientes, en calidad y cantidad suficientes para asegurar un adecuado estado de salud y desarrollo. La segunda faceta del «buen comer», la alimentación como fuente de placer, se basa en el hecho de que aunque una persona necesite una cantidad determinada de energía y nutrientes, es decir, aunque tenga una sola forma de nutrirse, a estas necesidades puede hacerlas frente a partir de un abanico muy amplio de alimentos que conforman distintas dietas o modos de alimentarse. En este sentido, la selección y consumo de alimentos que constituyen la dieta normal de un individuo están regulados por muchos factores, aparte de los nutricionales, que, en conjunto, determinan los hábitos alimentarios. Estos factores pueden clasificarse según el esquema de la figura 1.Peer reviewe

Sustained low disease activity measured by ASDAS slow radiographic spinal progression in axial spondyloarthritis patients treated with TNF-inhibitors: data from REGISPONSERBIO

Background To evaluate the influence of the disease activity on radiographic progression in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) patients treated with TNF inhibitors (TNFi). Methods The study included 101 axSpA patients from the Spanish Register of Biological Therapy in Spondyloarthritides (REGISPONSERBIO), which had clinical data and radiographic assessment available. Patients were classified into 2 groups based on the duration of TNFi treatment at baseline: (i) long-term treatment (>= 4 years) and (ii) no long-term treatment (= 2 mSASSS units. At inclusion, approximately half of the patients (45.5%) were receiving long-term treatment with TNFi (>= 4 years). In this group of subjects, a significant difference in averaged Ankylosing Spondylitis disease Activity Score (ASDAS) across follow-up was found between progressors and non-progressors (2.33 vs 1.76, p=0.027, respectively). In patients not under long-term TNFi treatment (54.5%) though, no significant ASDAS differences were observed between progressors and non-progressors until the third year of follow-up. Furthermore, no significant differences were found in progression status, when disease activity was measured by Bath Ankylosing spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) and C reactive protein (CRP). Conclusions Patients on long-term TNFi treatment with a mean sustained low disease activity measures by ASDAS presented lower radiographic progression than those with active disease