649 research outputs found
Microbiota-Oriented Diagnostics and Therapy in Sepsis: Utopia or Necessity?
When diagnosing sepsis, it is common to look for pathogens, microbeβs DNA, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), or host biomarkers while missing out on microbiota. The next-generation sequencing of 16S rRNA gene allowed characterizing the gut microbiota taxonomy and clarifying the gut microbial population being more complex than was previously thought. We suppose that significant disruption of the microbiota is an indicator of the major role it plays in sepsis. Serious metabolic disorders of the gut microbiota may contribute to an unfavorable outcome in septic patients. With the changes not only in the composition but also in the metabolic activity of the gut microbiota taken into account, the characteristics of the mechanisms of interactions in the βsepticβ microbiome will allow the advances in the optimization of the diagnostics and therapy of sepsis to be made
Interaction of HostβMicrobial Metabolism in Sepsis
The majority of species of the human gut microbiota is not cultivated on artificial nutrient media, but they are included in the functioning of microbial metabolic conveyor. Between the numerous gut bacteria (transmitter) and billions of intracellular mitochondria (receiver), the function of signaling molecules performs aromatic metabolites. Sepsis destroys the coordinated work of the indigenous anaerobic microflora. This leads to the imbalance of aromatic microbial metabolites (AMM). We hypothesized and proved diagnostic and pathogenic significance of this. First, deficiency of the end products of microbial metabolismβlipophilic AMM (PhPA and derivativesβcinnamic and benzoic acids) in sepsis, and second, excessive accumulation in blood of intermediate products named, βsepsisβassociatedβ AMMβboth lead to the development of mitochondrial dysfunction. Particularly, the total suppressed production of mROS can manifest by βhibernateβlike stateβ of cells and lead to MOF. The participation of aromatic metabolites in the development of septic shock can be explained by the inhibition of tyrosine hydroxylase and impaired synthesis of catecholamines. In clinical research, the high levels of βsepsisβassociatedβ AMM (pβHPhAA, pβHPhLA, and PhLA) correlate with the severity according to APACHE II, Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessments (SOFA) score and mortality. To improve the survival of ICU patients, requires more attention to the role of imbalance of microbial metabolites in sepsis
Organization of independent work of students with the use of distance educational technologies
The article deals with the use of information and communication technologies, and in particular of distance educational technologies for organization of independent work of students with the aim of improving its efficiency. Shows the different types of independent work, implemented through an e-learning course organized in a distance learning system LMS Moodle.Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ- ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ, Π° Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ, ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΡΡΡΠ°, ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π² ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ LMS Moodle
ΠΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΠ£ΠΠ΅
The report examines the problem of the choice of model for the implementation of distance educational technologies (DET) at the University. Opens the terminology of distance education, carries out a comparative analysis of the most promising models for implementing the dot at the University.Π Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ (ΠΠΠ’) Π² Π²ΡΠ·Π΅. Π Π°ΡΠΊΡΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΠΠ’ Π² Π²ΡΠ·Π΅
ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡΡ (ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠ»Π°ΡΡ)
This article discusses the importance of eliciting the mechanisms of action and the metabolism of microbiota in the critically ill patients, as well as the role of nutrition specialist in the management of these patients.In critically ill patients the impaired regulation of endogenous metabolic processes and protein-energy deficiency are aggravated by abnormal microbiota metabolic processes. There is growing awareness of the importance of studying microbial metabolism in the general metabolic process. Its implications for the improved efficacy of treatment in critical care and rehabilitation are obvious.Current international intensive care guidelines are being constantly revised in response to the new research data available on the mechanisms of critical illness. The course of the latter may significantly associate with the metabolic activity of human microbiota. Active management of metabolic processes is being sought through the subordination of bacterial metabolism to the interests of the host. Both antimicrobial and bioformulations (prebiotics, metabiotics) will be used in the long term in a targeted manner with the control of key microbial metabolites through available laboratory monitoring tools.Based on the literature data and the original research, the author formulates postulates of the microbiota metabolism in critical illness, introduces the concepts of Β«invisible organ dysfunctionΒ» and Β«signaling bacterial moleculesΒ», offers answers to the eternal Β«what is to be done?Β» question and suggests using a number of microbial aromatic amino acids metabolites as an integral indicator of a course of critical illness.Π Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π½ΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡΡ Π² ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°, ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡΡ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡ Π² ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΡΠΈ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡΡ
Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎ-ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠ³ΡΠ±Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡΡ. Π Π°ΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° Π² ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅. ΠΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ΅Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π½Π°.Π‘ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π² ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°Ρ
ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ°. ΠΠ΄Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ² Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° Π±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌ Ρ
ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΈΠ½Π°. Π Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΠ΅, ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡ (ΠΏΡΠ΅Π±ΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ) Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π΅ Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ², Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π°.ΠΠ° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠ»Π°ΡΡ ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡΡ
, Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡ Β«Π΄ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Π°Β» ΠΈ Β«ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ» Π±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΉΒ», ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡ Β«ΡΡΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ?Β» ΠΈ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΠ΄ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ² Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ
Love or politics? Political views regarding the war in Ukraine in an online dating experiment
How polarized is Russian society regarding the war in Ukraine? Political views affect various behaviors, including relationship formation. This study conducts a field experiment on a large Russian dating site and gathers data from over 3,000 profile evaluations. The findings reveal significant penalties for those who express pro-war or anti-war positions on their dating profiles. Age emerges as the most polarizing factor: younger individuals are less likely to approach pro-war profiles but not anti-war ones, whereas older individuals are less likely to respond positively to profiles indicating anti-war views but not pro-war ones. The results align with survey evidence of a positive relationship between respondents' age and expressed support for the war in Russia, although the experiment indicates a higher degree of polarization. Overall, the experimental findings demonstrate that survey data can reveal trends and relationships between individuals' characteristics and their opinions, but may overstate the levels of support for government agendas in non-democratic states
Metabolomic Discovery of Microbiota Dysfunction as the Cause of Pathology
In the twenty-first century, metabolomics allowed evaluating the profile of metabolites of various classes of compounds in the human body. The most important achievement of the metabolic approach is to obtain evidence of the intersection of human biochemical pathways and its microbiota. The effect of certain microbial metabolites on the work of key enzymes involved in the biotransformation of amino acids and other substances becomes more important in patients at risk of developing neurological and mental disorders and also contributes to the development of life-threatening conditions up to multiple organ failure after operations, injuries, and serious diseases. The authors of this chapter call the microbiota an βinvisible organ,β emphasizing its functional significance, and not just taxonomy, as previously thought. This chapter will discuss the mutually beneficial integration of the metabolome/microbiome in the body of healthy people and will focus on the effects of microbiota dysfunction
- β¦