Productive local condition and requirements for the commercialization: Transformation in the fruit growing of the north of Argentine Patagonia

A partir de la década de los noventa, en un marco de reestructuración del sistema agroalimentario mundial y desregulación de la política agropecuaria en la Argentina, la producción primaria de alimentos se encuentra sujeta a criterios de calidad internacionales, y regida por requerimientos formales que modifican sustancialmente las condiciones productivas. El caso en estudio aborda las transformaciones socio–productivas en la cadena frutícola localizada en el norte de la Patagonia Argentina, donde estas exigencias, entre otros procedimientos, se formalizan en las Buenas Prácticas Agrícolas. Las mismas son abordadas en tanto dispositivos de control que interpelan y complejizan las condiciones de reproducción social de los chacareros como productores independientes en la cadena, con impactos en sus trayectorias vitales y productivas. Trabajamos con fuentes secundarias y relevamiento primario de casos. Las conclusiones se inscriben en las tensiones entre configuraciones productivas locales y avances de los controles del capital concentrado.From the nineties’ decade, in a context of restructuring of the food–processing world system and deregulation of the agricultural politics in the Argentina, the primary production of food is tied to international criteria of quality, and governed by formal requirements that modify substantially the productive conditions. We study the case of the productive transformations in the fresh fruit chain located in the north of the Patagonia Argentina, where these requirements are formalized in the Good Agricultural Practices. These requirements are approached as devices of control that make more complex than before the conditions of social reproduction of the farmers, independent producers in the chain. We work with secondary sources and primary report of cases. The conclusions register in the tensions between productive local configurations and advances of the controls of the concentrated capital.Fil: Trpin, Verónica. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Facultad de Derecho y Ciencias Sociales. Grupo de Estudios Sociales Agrarios; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Alvaro, Maria Belen. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Facultad de Derecho y Ciencias Sociales. Grupo de Estudios Sociales Agrarios; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

On the choice of the best chunk size for the speculative execution of loops

Producción CientíficaLoops are a rich source of parallelism. Unfortunately, many loops cannot be safely parallelized at compile time because the compiler is not able to guarantee that there will be no dependence violations. Thread-Level Speculation (TLS) techniques, either hardware or software-based, allow the parallel execution of non-analyzable loops, issuing the execution of blocks of consecutive iterations (called chunks) while a hardware or software monitor ensures that no dependence violations arise. If such a dependence violation occurs, the chunk that was fed with incorrect values is discarded and re-started, in order to consume the correct information. In the speculative execution of non-analyzable loops, it is very important to correctly choose the chunk size, because this choice dramatically affects the performance of the parallel execution. Bigger chunks imply less scheduling overheads, but smaller chunks allow fewer calculations to be discarded in the event of a dependence violation. To find a good chunk size is not a simple task, because loops may present dependencies that cannot be detected at compile time. In this paper, we present a comprehensive evaluation of different scheduling methods to estimate the optimal chunk size in the speculative execution of non-analyzable loops. This evaluation ranges from the simple, classical methods originally devised to achieve load balancing in loops with no dependencies, to methods that make some assumptions on the distribution pattern of dependencies, such as Meseta and Just-in-Time scheduling. We also propose and evaluate a general, more complex method called Moody Scheduling, that does not require a-priori assumptions to achieve the highest performance

Evaluation of Fixational Behavior throughout Life

Background: To quantify development of gaze stability throughout life during short and long fixational tasks using eye tracking technology. Methods: Two hundred and fifty-nine participants aged between 5 months and 77 years were recruited along the study. All participants underwent a complete ophthalmological assessment. Fixational behavior during long and short fixational tasks was analyzed using a DIVE (Device for an Integral Visual Examination), a digital test assisted with eye tracking technology. The participants were divided into ten groups according to their age. Group 1, 0-2 years; group 2, 2-5 years; group 3, 5-10 years; group 4, 10-20 years; group 5, 20-30 years; group 6, 30-40 years; group 7, 40-50 years; group 8, 50-60 years; group 9, 60-70 years; and group 10, over 70 years. Results: Gaze stability, assessed by logBCEA (log-transformed bivariate contour ellipse area), improved with age from 5 months to 30 years (1.27 vs. 0.57 deg(2) for long fixational task, 0.73 vs. -0.04 deg(2) for short fixational task), while fixations tend to be longer (1.95 vs. 2.80 msec for long fixational tasks and 0.80 vs. 1.71 msec for short fixational tasks). All fixational outcomes worsened progressively from the fifth decade of life. Log-transformed bivariate contour ellipse area (0.79, 0.83, 0.91, 1.42 deg(2) for long fixational task and 0.01, 0.18, 0.28, 0.44 deg(2) for short fixational task, for group 7, 8, 9, and 10 respectively). Stimuli features may influence oculomotor performance, with smaller stimuli providing prolonged fixations. Conclusions: Fixational behavior can be accurately assessed from 5 months of age using a DIVE. We report normative data of gaze stability and duration of fixations for every age group. Currently available technology may increase the accuracy of our visual assessments at any age

Co-construção da interação dos agentes do conhecimento para o desenvolvimento de tecnologia social: experiência Concordia

Este artigo tem como objetivo reconstruir a perspectiva teórica e metodológica do enfoque de co-construção da interação dos agentes do conhecimento para o desenvolvimento de tecnologia social, mas não se espera desenvolver um quadro conceitual, ele pretende somente dar conta do processo de aprendizagem através do qual se construiu esta perspectiva. Neste sentido, será necessário dar resumida conta dos elementos conceituais para depois descrever o processo empírico desde o qual continua o seu desenvolvimento.Fil: Peyloubet, Paula. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudio sobre Cultura y Sociedad; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Fenoglio, Valeria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudio sobre Cultura y Sociedad; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Cejas, Noelia Verónica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudio sobre Cultura y Sociedad; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Barrionuevo, Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudio sobre Cultura y Sociedad; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Valladare, Gabriela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudio sobre Cultura y Sociedad; ArgentinaFil: Di Bernardo, Alvaro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudio sobre Cultura y Sociedad; ArgentinaFil: Martina, Emiliana Belen. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudio sobre Cultura y Sociedad; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Argentin

Parenting Stress in Mothers of Children With Autism Without Intellectual Disability. Mediation of Behavioral Problems and Coping Strategies

The present study investigated the mediating role of behavioral difficulties, coping strategies, and social functional support in the relationship between symptoms severity and parenting stress in mothers of children with ASD (autism spectrum disorder). The parenting stress questionnaire, coping orientation to problems experienced scale, strengths and difficulties questionnaire, and Duke-UNC social support questionnaire were administered to 52 mothers, who also estimated the ASD severity symptoms of their children. Correlation analyses revealed that parenting stress was positively correlated with the children’s ASD symptoms and behavioral problems. On the other hand, parenting stress was negatively correlated with the engagement coping and social functional support reported by the mothers. Multiple mediation analysis indicated that engagement coping and behavioral difficulties were significant mediators in the relationship between ASD symptoms and parenting stress, with the engagement variable having a larger effect. The findings illustrate the need to promote the mothers’ engagement coping orientation and the application of behavioral strategies with their children to help them to buffer the impact of stress

EQCM study of oxygen cathodes in DMSO LiPF6 electrolyte

The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) inDMSOcontaining LiPF6 has been studied with the electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) during galvanostatic cathodic and anodic pulses, chronoamperometry and cyclic voltammetry experiments. We disclose here for the first time gravimetric evidence with the EQCM of the different mechanistic models that apply to the ORR in LiPF6/DMSO electrolyte: (i) Surface electrochemical/chemical deposition of Li2O2(s) and (ii) solution phase disproportion of LiO2(soln) yields large Li2O2 particles.The mass per electron detected with the EQCM depends on the respective current rates and thus on the mechanisms, i.e. 23 g/F for the formation of Li2O2 thin film at high current density and much larger values forlow current density due to solvent co-deposition and further degradation.Fil: Torres, Walter Ramon. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía; ArgentinaFil: Cantoni, Leonardo Andrés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía; ArgentinaFil: Tesio, Alvaro Yamil. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía; ArgentinaFil: del Pozo, María Lila de Jesus Belen. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía; ArgentinaFil: Calvo, Ernesto Julio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía; Argentin

Toll-like Receptor Signaling-deficient Cells Enhance Antitumor Activity of Cell-based Immunotherapy by Increasing Tumor Homing

Cancer immunotherapy aims to activate the immune system. Some immunotherapeutic agents can be loaded in carrier cells for delivering to the tumors. However, a challenge with cell-based therapies is the selection of the appropriate cells to produce effective clinical outcomes. We hypothesize that therapies based on cells presenting a natural low proinflammatory profile ("silent cells") in the peripheral blood would result in better antitumor responses by increasing their homing to the tumor site. We studied our hypothesis in an immunotherapy model consisting of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) carrying oncolytic adenoviruses for the treatment of immunocompetent mice. Toll-like receptor signaling-deficient cells (TLR4, TLR9, or MyD88 knockout) were used as "silent cells," while regular MSCs were used as control. Although in vitro migration was similar in regular and knockout carrier cells, in vivo tumor homing of silent cells was significantly higher after systemic administration. This better homing to the tumor site was highly related to the mild immune response triggered by these silent cells in peripheral blood. As a result, the use of silent cells significantly improved the antitumor efficacy of the treatment in comparison with the use of regular MSCs. While cancer immunotherapies generally aim to boost local immune responses in the tumor microenvironment, low systemic inflammation after systemic administration of the treatment may indeed enhance their tumor homing and improve the overall antitumor effect. These findings highlight the importance of selecting appropriate donor cells as therapeutic carriers in cell-based therapies for cancer treatment. Cells carrying drugs, virus, or other antitumor agents are commonly used for the treatment of cancer. This research shows that silent cells are excellent carriers for immunotherapies, improving tumor homing and enhancing the antitumor effect.This study was funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (grants PI14CIII/00005, PI17CIII/00013, and ISCIII-PFIS FI18CIII/00017), Consejería de Educación, Juventud y Deporte of Comunidad de Madrid (grant P2017/BMD-3692), Fundación Oncohematología Infantil, Asociación Pablo Ugarte and AFANION, whose support we gratefully acknowledge.S