Extracting Logic Programs from Artificial Neural Networks

topic: The research field of neurosymbolic integration aims at combining the advantages of neural networks and logic programs. One of the fundamental questions is how knowledge in form of logic programs can be extracted from neural networks. It should be evaluated if techniques of inductive logic programming (ILP) are suited for this task. Additionally it should be investigated if there are good special purpose algorithms for the base case of propositional logic. goals: • evaluating existing ILP programs for the extraction of a logic program from a given neural network representing an immediate consequence operator • find satisfying extraction methods for the special case of propositional logic programs

Surface Reconstruction from Point Clouds using Hierarchical Clustering

Thema

Full term abdominal pregnancy associated to a cornual uterine rupture and placenta percreta: a case report

English Title: Grossesse abdominale à terme associée à une rupture utérine de la cornuae et un placenta percreta: un rapport de cas Background: Abdominal pregnancy is an ectopic pregnancy in which the conceptus implants in the peritoneal cavity. It represents a very rare event with severe maternal and foetal morbidity and mortality. Abdominal pregnancy accounts for 1/10,000 live deliveries and the advanced forms 1/25,000. It is reported to represent 10/100,000 pregnancies in the USA and the diagnosis is usually missed during the antenatal period despite the routine use of ultrasound. Many authors recommend termination of abdominal pregnancy once it is diagnosed to avoid cataclysmic bleeding resulting from rupture and the associated maternal death.Case presentation: the report is on a case of 29 year-old, G2P1 who presented at 36 weeks of gestation with ultrasonographic diagnosis of placenta praevia. An elective caesarean section was done at 37 weeks and an abdominal pregnancy with left cornual uterine rupture and placenta percreta discovered with live female baby of 3.300 g, Apgar score 8 and 10/10 at the First and fifth minutes respectively. An attempt to deliver the placenta led to massive bleeding and a subtotal hysterectomy was done. The post operativeperiod was uneventful and the patient discharged at day 5.Conclusion: This case is presented because of its rarity and lessons learned which include: Abdominal pregnancy is a rare occurrence with the diagnosis often missed during antenatal period despite routine use of Ultrasonography. Abdominal pregnancy can result into good maternal and foetal outcomes. There is a need to review the recommendations on management of abdominal pregnancies. Key words: Abdominal Pregnancy, Cornual Uterine Rupture, Placenta Percreta, Hysterectomy &nbsp

Palaeoenvironmental and palaeoseismic implications of a 3700-year sedimentary record from proglacial Lake Barrancs (Maladeta Massif, Central Pyrenees, Spain)

11 páginas, 5 figuras, 2 tablas.A multidisciplinary study including sedimentological, mineral magnetic, and palaeobotanical techniques applied to a sediment core recovered from proglacial Lake Barrancs in the seismically active Maladeta Massif has provided the basis for documenting environmental changes and palaeoseismic activity in the Central Pyrenees for the last ca. 3700 yr. Lake Barrancs is located downstream of the Tempestats and Barrancs cirque glaciers and sedimentation is dominated by clastic input corresponding to seasonal changes in sediment supply. Slow fine particle settling during the winter and sediment-loaded homopycnal flows during the warm season, triggered by snow-melting and glacier outwash, have resulted in deposition of rhythmites composed of clays, silts, and sands. The predominance of finer-grained sediments and the low concentration of relatively finer magnetite grains suggest that glacier activity was very small, if not absent, before ca. A.D. 350. Their replacement by coarser-grained sediments and the overall increased (but highly oscillating) concentrations of relatively coarser magnetite grains in the uppermost 4.3 m of the record suggest the onset of glacial activity and enhanced snow-melting in the catchment of Lake Barrancs after A.D. 350. We suggest that this onset of glacial and enhanced snow-melt activity was driven by a complex balance between winter precipitation and annual mean temperatures, among other climatic variables. Peat layers suggest two dramatic lake-level drops at A.D. 300 and A.D. 450, when Lake Barrancs was drained. The mechanisms for such extreme hydrological events are not clear. Changes in the precipitation/evaporation ratio cannot account for such desiccation events. Dam failure is unlikely since there are no geomorphological evidence of breaching processes. Geomorphological and structural evidence demonstrates active faulting since formation of Lake Barrancs and reactivation during earthquake shaking. Based on this, we propose an alternative explanation for the desiccation events that involves the draining of the lake through pre-existing fractures opened by earthquakes. Further studies in Lake Barrancs and other lakes from the Maladeta massif are necessary to validate the hypotheses presented here concerning the response of glacial and snow-melt activity to climate variability and the palaeoseismic record of the Central Pyrenees.This research was supported by projects AMB93-0814-C02-01 and PB96-0815, and by a MEC Ramón y Cajal contract (JCL).Peer reviewe