51 research outputs found
Anemija kao prognostiÄki Äimbenik ishoda razliÄitih bolesti i stanja
Anemija utjeÄe na sve organe i organske sustave u ljudskom organizmu te tako može negativno utjecati na ishode razliÄitih bolesti i stanja te dovesti do poveÄanog morbiditeta posebno vulnerabilnih skupina. U ovom je radu prikazana povezanost anemije i ishoda lijeÄenja u skupine oboljelih od zloÄudnih bolesti, srÄanih i bubrežnih bolesnika, operativnih zahvata te u starijoj populaciji. DosadaÅ”nja istraživanja dokazala su znaÄajan negativan utjecaj anemije na ishode potonjih bolesti/stanja te se time naglaÅ”ava važnost njenog sprjeÄavanja i lijeÄenja
Anemija kao prognostiÄki Äimbenik ishoda razliÄitih bolesti i stanja
Anemija utjeÄe na sve organe i organske sustave u ljudskom organizmu te tako može negativno utjecati na ishode razliÄitih bolesti i stanja te dovesti do poveÄanog morbiditeta posebno vulnerabilnih skupina. U ovom je radu prikazana povezanost anemije i ishoda lijeÄenja u skupine oboljelih od zloÄudnih bolesti, srÄanih i bubrežnih bolesnika, operativnih zahvata te u starijoj populaciji. DosadaÅ”nja istraživanja dokazala su znaÄajan negativan utjecaj anemije na ishode potonjih bolesti/stanja te se time naglaÅ”ava važnost njenog sprjeÄavanja i lijeÄenja
āOlujniā ikterus ā neobiÄna kliniÄka prezentacija tireotoksiÄne krize
Aim: The aim was to present jaundice as the first and most remarkable presenting symptom of this extraordinary thyrotoxic crisis (TTC) case. Due to an unusual clinical presentation this case was a diagnostic dilemma and therapeutic challenge.
Case report: A 34-year-old male was admitted to the Emergency Department due to fatigue, diarrhea, jaundice and subjective feeling of increased heart rate. Patient had previous history of hyperthyroidism and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF), but he wasn't taking any medication. ECG revealed AF with rapid ventricular response and left ventricular hypertrophy. Laboratory findings spoke in favor of hepatocellular jaundice. Consequently, the patient was hospitalized at the Department of Gastroenterology. Subsequently arrived thyroid function test confirmed the presence of thyrotoxicosis. Thiamazole, bisoprolol, methylprednisolone, enoxaparin and metildigoxin were introduced into therapy. In further course of hospitalization patient was transferred to the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases due to development of global heart failure. The heart failure therapy was introduced. Significant clinical improvement was achieved and the patient was transferred to the Department of Endocrinology. The parameters of the liver function were improving. Doses of thiamazole were gradually decreasing during hospitalization and thyroid hormones were brought to normal values.
Conclusions: TTC is extremely rare in clinical practice, but may occur in cases of unrecognized or inadequately treated hyperthyroidism. If left untreated, results with lethal outcome in 80-90% of the cases, but even if treated mortality rate exceeds 20%. Therefore, early recognition and treatment are of the utmost importance.Cilj: Prikazati nesvakidaÅ”nji sluÄaj tireotoksiÄne krize (TTK) Äiji je prvi i najupeÄatljiviji kliniÄki simptom bio ikterus. Zbog neobiÄne kliniÄke prezentacije ovaj je sluÄaj bio dijagnostiÄki i terapijski izazov.
Prikaz sluÄaja: 34-godiÅ”nji bolesnik primljen je zbog malaksalosti, dijareje, ikterusa i osjeÄaja ubrzanog rada srca. Bolesnik od ranije boluje od hipertireoze i paroksizmalne fibrilacije atrija (FA), no kroniÄnu terapiju ne uzima. Snimljen je EKG i utvrÄena je FA s brzim odgovorom klijetki te hipertrofija lijeve klijetke. U laboratorijskim nalazima bio je prisutan obrazac hepatocelularnog ikterusa. PosljediÄno se bolesnika hospitalizira na Zavodu za gastroenterologiju. NovopridoÅ”li nalaz hormona Å”titnjaÄe potvrdio je tireotoksikozu. U terapiju se uvode tiamazol, bisoprolol, metilprednizolon, enoksaparin te metildigoksin. Uslijed pogorÅ”anja opÄeg stanja i razvoja globalnog srÄanog zatajivanja (SZ) bolesnika se premjeÅ”ta na Zavod za kardiovaskularne bolesti. Primjenom standardne terapije SZ postignuto je znaÄajno kliniÄko poboljÅ”anje. Bolesnika se premjeÅ”ta na Zavod za endokrinologiju u svrhu nastavka lijeÄenja. Parametri jetrene funkcije su u poboljÅ”anju. Doza tireostatika postepeno se smanjuje, a vrijednosti hormona Å”titnjaÄe dovedene su u normalu.
ZakljuÄci: TTK izuzetno je rijetka u kliniÄkoj praksi, no može se javiti u sluÄaju neprepoznate ili neadekvatno medikamentozno lijeÄene hipertireoze. Ako se ne lijeÄi, TTK rezultira smrtnim ishodom u 80-90% sluÄajeva. Kada se i lijeÄi smrtnost svejedno prelazi 20%. Pravovremeno prepoznavanje i lijeÄenje od neizmjerne je važnosti
Debljinom uzrokovana kroniÄna upala niskog intenziteta: uvoÄenje DII-a (dietary inflammatory index) u kliniÄku praksu je prekretnica?
Diet is a main modifiable determinant involved in the development of obesity-related visceral adipose tissue low-grade chronic inflammation (LGCI). Pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties of majority of whole foods and dietary constituents have been determined and presented as dietary inflammatory index (DII). The DII is a scoring algorithm based on extensive review of literature linking 45 food parameters with six biomarkers of inflammation. Overall DII score can take on values ranging from 7.98 (maximal pro-inflammatory dietary pattern) to -8.87 (maximal anti-inflammatory dietary pattern). Integrative anti-inflammatory approach to nutrition seems to be the milestone for tackling overweight/obesity, LGCI, and inflammation-related chronic diseases.Prehrana je najvažniji promjenjivi Äimbenik ukljuÄen u razvojni proces kroniÄne upale niskog intenziteta na razini visceralnog masnog tkiva. Proupalni/protuupalni potencijali glavnine namirnica i nutritivnih komponenti odreÄeni su, vrednovani te prikazani kao DII (eng. dietary inflammatory index). DII je nutricionistiÄki alat dizajniran na temelju opsežnog pregleda literature o uÄincima konzumacije pojedinih prehrambenih parametara na biomarkere upalnog procesa. Obrascu prehrane pridružen ukupni DII može se nalaziti u rasponu od 7.98 (maksimalni proupalni) do -8.87 (maksimalni protuupalni). Integrativni protuupalni pristup potencijalna je prekretnica u suoÄavanju s preuhranjenosti/debljinom, kroniÄnom upalom niskog intenziteta i njoj pridruženim kroniÄnim bolestima
Student section of Medicina Fluminensis ā a guarantee for a bright future
Studentska sekcija Äasopisa Medicina Fluminensis ā jamstvo za svijetlu buduÄnos
Review of gastrointestinal stromal tumors and contribution of dog1 immunohistochemical marker in diagnostics: A single tertiary centerb experience
Cilj: Prikazati patohistoloÅ”ko dijagnostiÄko iskustvo KliniÄkog bolniÄkog centra (KBC) Rijeka u pacijenata s gastrointestinalnim stromalnim tumorom (GIST) dijagnosticiranim u razdoblju od 10 godina te pružiti pregled temeljnih karakteristika ovog mezenhimalnog tumora. Cilj je bio i prikazati osjetljivost DOG1 markera (engl. Discovered on GIST) te ga usporediti s osjetljivoÅ”Äu CD117 i vimentina. Materijali i metode: Iz baze podataka Zavoda za patologiju od 2005. do 2015. godine prikupljeni su podaci o 89 pacijenata s dijagnozom GIST-a. Podaci koje smo statistiÄki analizirali obuhvaÄali su dob, spol, lokalizaciju tumora, vrstu stanica (vretenaste ili epiteloidne), imunohistokemijske karakteristike te veliÄinu i mitotiÄki indeks kao dva najvažnija parametra za odreÄivanje prognostiÄke skupine. Rezultati: Medijan dobi iznosio je 64 godine, s rasponom od 17 do 93 godine. ZnaÄajna razlika u incidenciji meÄu spolovima nije pronaÄena. NajÄeÅ”Äa lokalizacija bio je želudac s postotkom od 48,3 %. Vretenastu morfologiju imalo je 84,3 % tumora, epiteloidnu 3.4 %, a mijeÅ”anu (epiteloidno-vretenastu) 12,3 %. Podjelom GIST-ova u prognostiÄke skupine ustanovili smo da je 65,2 % tumora bilo benigno, 33,7 % maligno, a 1,1 % imalo je nesigurni maligni potencijal. Na uzorku od 25 tumora odreÄivali smo osjetljivost imunohistokemijskih markera i dobili sljedeÄe rezultate: DOG1 imao je osjetljivost 100 %, CD117 88 %, a vimentin 60 %. ZakljuÄci: DOG1 najosjetljiviji je imunohistokemijski marker koriÅ”ten za GIST. Njegovo uvoÄenje u rutinsku imunohistokemijsku analizu pružilo je snažan doprinos u postavljanju dijagnoze. Prikazano iskustvo naÅ”eg centra moglo bi pružiti doprinos u napredovanju patoloÅ”kodijagnostiÄke obrade GIST-ova na razini Republike Hrvatske.Aim: To present the experience of Clinical Hospital Center (CHC) Rijeka, Department of Pathology in diagnosing gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) in a 10-year period and to demonstrate consequential characteristics of this mesenchymal tumor. Also the aim was to present the sensitivity of DOG1 (Discovered on GIST) immunohistochemical marker, and to compare it with CD117 and vimentin results. Materials and methods: Searching the Pathology Department database, 89 GISTs were found in the period from 2005 to 2015. Epidemiologic and clinicopathological data: age, gender, dimension, localization, immunohistochemical charachteristics, also mitotic rate and malignant potential as two most important parameters for prognostic group estimation, were statistically analyzed. Results: Median age was 64, range from 17 to 93. 48.3 % of patients were male and 51.7 % were female. Most GISTs (48.3 %) were localized in stomach. Spindle cell morphology was present in 84.3 % GISTs, epitheloid in 3.4 % and mixed in 12.3 % tumors. According to the prognostic groups, malignant potential was assigned. The biggest portion, 65.2 % of tumors, were benign. Malignant potential was present in 33.7 % of cases, while 1.1 % had insecure malignant potential. 25 GISTs were stained with DOG1 and this marker has shown 100 % sensitivity, while CD117 (88 %) and vimentin (60 %) have given inferior results. Conclusions: DOG1 is the most sensitive marker in immunohistochemical staining of GISTs. Hence, itās usage has provided a step forward in differentiation of GISTs from other mesenchymal tumors. This review, based on a 10-year experience of CHC Rijeka, may make an important progress in pathohistological diagnostics of GISTs in Croatia
Ectopic parathyroid tumor in thorax ā case report
Cilj: Prikazati pacijenticu s primarnim hiperparatireoidizmom zbog ektopiÄnog smjeÅ”tenog tumora doÅ”titne žlijezde u toraksu. Prikaz sluÄaja: 64-godiÅ”nja pacijentica s od ranije poznatom hipotireozom i hipertenzijom manifestirala se slikom normocitne anemije, bubrežne insuficijencije i smetnjama gutanja. Zbog navedenih simptoma uÄinjena je viÅ”eslojna kompjutorizirana tomografija (MSCT) toraksa koja je pokazala tvorbu u stražnjem gornjem medijastinumu, uz promjene na kostima i sumnju na sekundarizme. U sklopu nefroloÅ”ke obrade uoÄene su izrazito visoke vrijednosti serumskog kalcija (> 3 mmol/L) i paratireoidnog hormona (PTH) (200 pmol/L), Å”to je ukazalo da se najvjerojatnije radi o primarnom hiperparatireoidizmu. UÄinjena je dodatna obrada: scintigrafija doÅ”titnih žlijezda, punkcija navedene tvorbe i citoloÅ”ka analiza. Navedene dijagnostiÄke metode potvrdile su da se radi o primarnom hiperparatireoidizmu najvjerojatnije adenoma ektopiÄno smjeÅ”tene doÅ”titne žlijezde. Pacijentica je podvrgnuta operativnom zahvatu, torakotomiji te odstranjenju navedene tvorbe. Postoperativni kirurÅ”ki tijek bio je uredan. U laboratorijskim nalazima javila se oÄekivana hipokalcemija, zbog sindroma āgladne kostiā koja je medikamentozno tretirana. Naknadno prispjeli patohistoloÅ”ki nalaz ukazao je na to da se radi o novotvorini doÅ”titne žlijezde nesigurnog malignog potencijala. S obzirom na to da je jedini potpuno pouzdani pokazatelj zloÄudne prirode bolesti nalaz metastaza, dijagnoza karcinoma nije se mogla postaviti. Vrijednosti PTH-a postoperativno su bile unutar referentnih vrijednosti. Tijekom praÄenja pacijentice u razdoblju od pola godine nakon operativnog zahvata nije doÅ”lo do povrata bolesti. ZakljuÄak: Primarni hiperparatireoidizam Äest je endokrinoloÅ”ki poremeÄaj i o njemu treba razmiÅ”ljati u svakodnevnom radu. Osim poveÄanih doÅ”titnih žlijezda na tipiÄnom mjestu u vratu, moguÄ je razvoj i ektopÄno smjeÅ”tenih doÅ”titnih žlijezda.Introduction: The aim was to present a case of primary hyperparathyroidism due to ectopic parathyroid adenoma localized in thorax. Case report: We report a case of a 64-yearold female patient with hypothyroidism and hypertension in her medical history, presented to us with normocytic anemia, renal insufficiency and dysphagia. Due to swallowing disorder multi-slice computed tomography of thorax was performed and mass in upper-back mediastinum with ossification changes suspicious for metastatic process was found. Within the nephrology examination, hypercalcemia (>3 mmol/L) and elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH) value (200 pmol/L) were noticed, which pointed to the possibility of primary hyperparathyroidism. Consequentially, parathyroid scintigraphy, aspiration biopsy and cytological analysis were performed. Primary hyperparathyroidism was affirmed and ectopic parathyroid adenoma was suggested as possible etiology. The patient has undergone surgical procedure based on thoracotomy with extirpation of the mass. Surgical postoperative course was regular. Postoperative laboratory findings showed hypocalcemia, which was expected due to āhungry boneā syndrome, so medication treatment was necessary. Subsequently, histopathological analysis showed parathyroid tumor with insecure malignant potential. Since metastases were the only satisfied criteria for the malignancy, the diagnosis of parathyroid carcinoma couldnāt be allocated. PTH values after surgery were within the reference range. During a 6-month postoperative follow-up no signs of the disease recurrence were detected. Conclusion: Primary hyperparathyroidism is a very common endocrinology disorder, hence it has to be on a differential diagnosis list in every day clinical practice Except increased parathyroid glands in the typical site in the neck, it is possible to develop ectopic parathyroid glands
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