The Implication of Child Labour on Educational Achievement: A Case Study in Assosa Town, Benishangul-Gumuz Regional State, Ethiopia

This study aimed to identify the implications of child labour on child educational achievement. Cross sectional data randomly collected from 384 sample child labourers in Assosa town, were utilized in this study. Two- limits tobit estimator was employed for estimating the determinants of child educational achievement. The empirical result reveals that there is association between child labour and educational achivement. Thus, strengthening school based financial support and creating awareness are of paramount importance to fight child labour exploitation. Curbing the problem of child labour and improving academic achievement also requires reducing poverty. Keywords: Child labour; Children’s educational achievement; Two-limit tobit model DOI: 10.7176/JESD/12-13-05 Publication date:July 31st 202

INTERTEMPORAL ALLOCATION OF GROUND WATER IN THE CENTRAL OGALLALA FORMATION: AN APPLICATION OF A MULTISTAGE SEQUENTIAL DECISION MODEL

Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,

Household income and expenditure studies

Discusses ways of studying economics of household level activities in pastoral production systems, with particular reference to the collection and analysis of data on household income and expenditure as well as resources inventory

Livestock marketing studies

Examines the need and methods for studying livestock markets and routinely collect time series data on prices of livestock at local, regional and terminal markets, outlining a method for setting up a systematic collection and analysis of livestock market information. Presents a simplifed livestock marketing systems model; illustrated suggestions for data analysis; and recommendations for a national organizational framework for collecting & analyzing livestock market data

Some policy issues of livestock marketing in Africa

Examines areas where appropriate government policies would increase the efficiency of livestock marketing systems in Africa, with particular reference to transport, market regulation, price controls and state participation in livestock marketing systems

The Implication of Child Labour on Educational Achievement: A Case Study in Assosa Town, Benishangul-Gumuz Regional State, Ethiopia

This study aimed to identify the implications of child labour on child educational achievement. Cross sectional data randomly collected from 384 sample child labourers in Assosa town, were utilized in this study. Two- limits tobit estimator was employed for estimating the determinants of child educational achievement. The empirical result reveals that there is association between child labour and educational achivement. Thus, strengthening school based financial support and creating awareness are of paramount importance to fight child labour exploitation. Curbing the problem of child labour and improving academic achievement also requires reducing poverty. Keywords: Child labour; Children’s educational achievement; Two-limit tobit model DOI: 10.7176/RHSS/11-3-04 Publication date: February 28th 202

IMMUNOGENICITY OF PLASMA DERIVED V ACCINE IN ETHIOPIAN HOSPITAL PERSONNEL

ABSTRACT: To study the immunogenicity of plasma derived hepatitis B vaccine, serological markers (HBsAg, anti HBc and anti HBs) were determined in 432 hospital employees by the Hepanostika microenzyme linked immunoassay method (ELISA) using kits obtained from Organon Technika Laboratories (Holland). Three doses of Pasteur plasma derived vaccine (Hevac B), containing 5 mcg of HBsAg, were administered intramuscularly at one month intervals to 80 of the l02 marker negatives. A booster dose was given at one year. Hepatitis B markers (HBsAg, anti HBc and anti HBs) were determined at 4, 12, 13 and 24 months by the ELISA method. Titration for anti HBs were pertormed at T 4, T 12, and T 13 by the radio-immunoassay method. Of 80 vaccinees, 2 discontinued after the first injection. Sero-conversion to anti HBs occurred at 4 months in 57 of 80 (71.3% ); at 12 months in 64 of 73 tested (87.7%) and at months 13 and 24 in 66 of 69 tested (95.6%). Protective levels of anti HBs were achieved in titrated sera collected from sero-converters in 89%, 88.5% and 100% at months,4, 12 and 13 respectively. No vaccinee developed any evidence of hepatitis B infection during the two years of follow up. A female developed generalized skin rash and a pregnant woman aborted, both following the first injection. We conclude that plasma derive<! hepatitis B vaccine administered to adult Ethiopian hospital personnel is highly immunogenic and protective with minimal side effects

Animal health services in sub-Saharan Africa: Initial experience with new approaches

Outlines the types of reforms introduced in animal health services over the past decade, summarises past experiences, provides a preliminary assessment of their impact, and indicates what lessons need to be taken into account in future policy adjustments and project investments. The discussion concentrates on World Bank- supported accessibility of the data to the authors

Participatory rangeland management planning and its implementation in Ethiopia

The pastoral and agro-pastoral areas of Ethiopia cover around 65% of the country’s surface area. Rangeland resources are managed under collective common property arrangements, which are increasingly coming under pressure from both internal and external forces of change including alternative, but not necessarily ‘appropriate’, land uses. Thus it has become imperative to more formally recognise and protect customary rangeland management institutions and arrangements, bearing in mind that there may be a need for some adaptation to current and future socio-economic, environmental and political contexts. In response, a process of participatory rangeland management (PRM) has been developed, both to improve the management of rangeland resources and their security of access for local rangeland users. The USAID-funded PRIME project has played a key role in this development, up-scaling the approach across pastoral areas in Oromia, Afar and Somali regional states. This paper describes the experience of PRIME with PRM, the challenges faced and opportunities arising. It concludes by discussing the relevance of PRM as an approach for improving the management of and security of access to rangeland resources in Ethiopia, and beyond

Economic Analysis of the Intertemporal Allocation of Ground Water in the Central Ogallala Formation

Agricultural Economic