Urinary tract infection in pregnant population, which empirical antimicrobial agent should be specified in each of the three trimesters?

Objective: We aimed to investigate the bacterial profile and the adequacy of antimicrobial treatment in pregnant women with urinary tract infection. Material and Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted with 753 pregnant women who needed hospitalization because of UTI in each of the three trimesters. Midstream urine culture and antimicrobial susceptibility tests were evaluated. Results: E.Coli was the most frequently isolated bacterial agent (82.2%), followed by Klebsiella spp. (11.2%). In each of the three trimesters, E.Coli remained the most frequently isolated bacterium (86%, 82.2%, 79.5%, respectively), followed by Klebsiella spp. (9%, 11.6%, 12.2%, respectively). Enterococcus spp. were isolated as a third microbial agent, with 43 patients (5.7%) in the three trimesters. The bacteria were found to be highly sensitive to fosfomycin, with 98-99% sensitivity for E.Coli and 88-89% for Klebsiella spp. and for Enterococcus spp. 93-100% nitrofurantoin sensitivity for each of the three trimesters. Conclusions: We demonstrated that E.Coli and Klebsiella spp. are the most common bacterial agents isolated from urine culture of pregnant women with UTI in each of the three trimesters. We consider fosfomycin to be the most adequate first-line treatment regimen due to high sensitivity to the drug, ease of use and safety for use in pregnancy

Defect assisted optical limiting performance of hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets in aqueous suspension and PMMA nanocomposite films

Defect-assisted nonlinear absorption (NLA) and optical limiting (OL) performance of hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets (h-BNNS) in aqueous suspension and in polymethyl methacrylate matrix (PMMA) as nanocomposite films were studied using open-aperture Z-scan method. To evaluate the transmission in open-aperture Z-scan data, a theoretical model accounting one photon absorption (OPA), two photon absorption (TPA), free carrier absorption (FCA) and saturation of each process was considered. Defect-assisted NLA coefficients and saturation intensity thresholds were extracted from the fitting of the experimental results for 532 and 1064 nm pulse wavelengths. Strong defect-assisted NLA response of h-BNNS was observed while NLA at 532 nm was considerably stronger. This is attributed to the excitation of a greater number of defect states over a wider energy range. Our findings showed that h-BNNS/PMMA nanocomposite films feature highly required properties in OL applications and can function in OL applications in a wide spectral range (-200-1064 nm)

Serum Adiponectin Level and Clinical, Metabolic, and Hormonal Markers in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Abstract Background: To investigate the relationship between adiponectin, metabolic and hormonal parameters, and insulin resistance in patients with non-treated polycystic ovary syndrome

Renal complications of lipodystrophy: A closer look at the natural history of kidney disease

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/144612/1/cen13732_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/144612/2/cen13732.pd

Synthesis, spectroscopy and electrochemical properties of highly soluble fluoro containing phthalocyanines

2(3),9(10),16(17),23(24)-Tetrakis-4'-[3,5-bis-(trifluoromethyl)-phenoxy]-phthalocyanines, {M[Pc-beta(OBz-(CF3)(2))(4)]}, (M = Zn(II), Cu(II), Co(II) and Ni(II)) were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR, H-1 NMR, UV-Vis and MS (Maldi-TOF) spectral data. It is shown that the 4-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)-phenoxy) moieties on the periphery affect the solubility, spectroscopic data and electrochemistry of the tetrakis metallophthalocyanines. The cyclic voltammetry and differential pulsed voltammetry of the complexes give well-defined redox couples in harmony with common metallophthalocyanine complexes. Electrochemical studies show that the complexes exhibit stable monoanionic M{Pc-beta-[(OBz-(CF3)(2))(4)]}(1-) dianionic M{Pc-beta-[(OBz-(CF3)(2))(4)]}(2-) and monocationic M{Pc-beta-OBz-(CF3)(2))(4)]}(1+) species during the reduction and oxidation processes. When compared with the unsubstituted analogues, the redox potentials of the complexes shifted to more positive potentials due to the electron-withdrawing fluorine groups. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Comparison of Four Different Pain Relief Methods during Hysterosalpingography: A Randomized Controlled Study

BACKGROUND: Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is the most commonly used method for evaluating the anatomy and patency of the uterine cavity and fallopian tubes, and is an important tool in the evaluation of infertility. The most frequent side effect is the pain associated with the procedure

The role of apoptosis in preterm premature rupture of the human fetal membranes

The present study was designed to examine apoptotic cell death via the caspase-dependent pathway in human fetal membranes

Perioperative, postoperative and anatomical outcomes of robotic sacrocolpopexy

The study aimed to analyse the anatomical, perioperative and postoperative outcomes of the robotic-assisted sacrocolpopexy (RSCP). After obtaining Institutional Review Board (IRB #19-0167) approval, our retrospective case series included 144 consecutive patients that underwent an RSCP for symptomatic stage II pelvic organ prolapse (POP) or symptomatic/asymptomatic stage III/IV POP. Patient information included operative parameters, perioperative and postoperative complications, readmissions and reoperation. Demographics and baseline characteristics were summarised by frequencies and percentages for categorical variables, and by mean/median, standard deviation, and ranges for continuous variables. In our study, concomitant surgeries with sacrocolpopexy consisted of hysterectomy, Burch colposuspension and midurethral sling. The anatomical success rate was 87.5% and the reoperation rate was 10.4%. The mean follow-up time was 12.5 (±8.7) months. Intraoperative complications 13 (9%) were bowel serosal abrasion, bladder wall injuries, trochar site bleeds, subcutaneous emphysema and a retroperitoneal haematoma. Our results suggest that RSCP is a feasible and safe approach for the treatment of POP with a low complication rate and favourable medium-term outcomes regarding anatomical and symptomatic results.Impact statement What is already known on this subject? Pelvic organ prolapse affects more than 25% of women in the United States. Apical and anterior compartment defects are challenging cases and sacrocolpopexy is considered the gold standard treatment option for apical and anterior compartment defects. As technology has advanced, minimally invasive approaches have been popular with their pros. What the results of this study add? We present the highest volume case series in the literature from our tertiary care centre for robotic-assisted sacrocolpopexy (RSCP). Our results suggest that RSCP is a feasible and safe approach for the treatment of POP with a low complication rate and favourable 1-year outcomes regarding anatomical and subjective results. What the implications are of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? Robotic-assisted sacrocolpopexy has the potential to gain more popularity in the near future based on accumulating data on its feasibility and safety results

Heart rate variability and heart rate turbulence in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome

Objective: Cardiac autonomic dysfunction may develop in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Heart rate variability (HRV) and heart rate turbulence (HRT) are used in assessing cardiac autonomic functions. The goal of this study was to compare the cardiac autonomic functions in patients with PCOS and healthy controls. To our knowledge, this is the first study evaluating cardiac autonomic functions in patients with PCOS with respect to both HRV and HRT

Heart rate variability and heart rate turbulence in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome

Objective: Cardiac autonomic dysfunction may develop in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Heart rate variability (HRV) and heart rate turbulence (HRT) are used in assessing cardiac autonomic functions. The goal of this study was to compare the cardiac autonomic functions in patients with PCOS and healthy controls. To our knowledge, this is the first study evaluating cardiac autonomic functions in patients with PCOS with respect to both HRV and HRT