Data management study. Appendix Q - Contractor data requirements advanced missions /AM/ Final report

Contractor data requirements relating to advanced missions and potential follow-up programs of Voyager projec

Apogee motor rocketry reliability improvements

Since 1963, solid propellant apogee motors have been placing satellites into geosynchronous orbits. Major technological breakthroughs are not required to satisfy future mission requirements; however, there is a need to improve reliability to enhance cost effectiveness. Several management test options are discussed. A summary of results and conclusions derived from review of missions, where failure of a solid motor was inferred, and correlation of system factors with failures are reported. Highlights of a solid motor diagnostic instrumentation study are presented. Finally, recommendations are provided for areas of future apogee motor upgrade, which will increase project cost effectiveness by reducing the potential for future flight failures

Data management study. Appendix M - Contractor data requirements safety /SA/ FINAL report

Contractor data requirements to insure safety of personnel, facilities, and equipment of Voyager operation

Solid propellant rocket motor

The characteristics of a solid propellant rocket engine with a controlled rate of thrust buildup to a desired thrust level are discussed. The engine uses a regressive burning controlled flow solid propellant igniter and a progressive burning main solid propellant charge. The igniter is capable of operating in a vacuum and sustains the burning of the propellant below its normal combustion limit until the burning propellant surface and combustion chamber pressure have increased sufficiently to provide a stable chamber pressure

Solid rocket technology advancements for space tug and IUS applications

In order for the shuttle tug or interim upper stage (IUS) to capture all the missions in the current mission model for the tug and the IUS, an auxiliary or kick stage, using a solid propellant rocket motor, is required. Two solid propellant rocket motor technology concepts are described. One concept, called the 'advanced propulsion module' motor, is an 1800-kg, high-mass-fraction motor, which is single-burn and contains Class 2 propellent. The other concept, called the high energy upper stage restartable solid, is a two-burn (stop-restartable on command) motor which at present contains 1400 kg of Class 7 propellant. The details and status of the motor design and component and motor test results to date are presented, along with the schedule for future work

The Effect of Clamping Pressure and Orthotropic Wood Structure on Strength of Glued Bonds

Reference values for compression strength perpendicular to the grain were determined for radial and tangential sections of samples of sugar maple and ponderosa pine. Samples to be glued were matched according to specific gravity and orthotropic structure and bonded along the grain in tangential or radial sections. Magnitude of clamp pressure was controlled throughout a range of pressures commonly applied in industry, up to about 80% of the compression strength of the wood sample. Tests were conducted on the bonded samples to determine glueline shear strength and percent of wood failure at the bonded surfaces. Results were subjected to regression analysis to ascertain relationships. It was determined that clamping pressure had a different effect on both shear strength and percent of wood failure depending on species and orthotropic section. It is possible to maximize joint strength by applying proper clamping pressure. Results similar in direction but differing in magnitude were obtained with both PVAc and U-F adhesives. A generalized measure of clamping pressure was defined as the ratio of applied clamping pressure to the compression strength (CP/CS) of the wood section to be glued. Using this concept, the optimum clamping pressure for sugar maple was found to be 0.3 times compression strength using U-F glue and 0.5 times using PVAc glue. This approach to determining reliable clamping pressure data can lead to improved gluing practice and more precise testing procedures

Data management study. Appendix O - Contractor data requirements science integration /SI/ Final report

Contractor data requirements for integration of scientific experiments aboard Voyager spacecraf

Correlation of throwing velocity to the results of lower body field tests in male college baseball players

Baseball-specific athleticism, potential, and performance have been difficult to predict. Increased muscle strength and power can increase throwing velocity but the majority of research has focused on the upper body. The present study sought to determine if bilateral or unilateral lower-body field testing correlates with throwing velocity. Baseball throwing velocity scores were correlated to the following tests: medicine ball (MB) scoop toss and squat throw, bilateral and unilateral vertical jumps, single and triple broad jumps, hop and stop in both directions, lateral to medial jumps, 10- and 60-yd sprints, and both left and right single-leg 10-yd hop for speed in 42 college baseball players. A multiple regression analysis (forward method), assessing the relationship between shuffle and stretch throwing velocities and lower-body field test results determined that right-handed throwing velocity from the stretch position was most strongly predicted by lateral to medial jump right (LMJR) and body weight (BW; R2 = 0.322), whereas lateral to medial jump left (LMJL; R2 = 0.688) predicted left stretch throw. Right-handed shuffle throw was most strongly predicted by LMJR and MB scoop (R2 = 0.338), whereas LMJL, BW, and LMJR all contributed to left-handed shuffle throw (R2 = 0.982). Overall, this study found that lateral to medial jumps were consistently correlated with high throwing velocity in each of the throwing techniques, in both left-handed and right-handed throwers. This is the first study to correlate throwing velocity with a unilateral jump in the frontal plane, mimicking the action of the throwing stride

Ionic Liquid Electrolytes for Metal-Air Batteries: Interactions between O2, Zn2+ and H2O Impurities

Motivated by the potential of ionic liquids (ILs) to replace traditional aqueous electrolytes in Zn-air batteries, we investigated the effects arising from mutual interactions between O₂ and Zn(TFSI)₂ as well as the influence of H₂O impurities in the oxygen reduction/oxygen evolution reaction (ORR/OER) and in Zn deposition/dissolution on a glassy carbon (GC) electrode in the ionic liquid N-butyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)-imide (BMP-TFSI) by differential electrochemical mass spectrometry. This allowed us to determine the number of electrons transferred per reduced/evolved O₂ molecule. In O₂ saturated neat BMP-TFSI the ORR and OER were found to be reversible, in Zn²⁺containing IL Zn deposition/stripping proceeds reversibly as well. Simultaneous addition of O₂ and Zn²⁺ suppresses Zn metal deposition, instead ZnO₂ is formed in the ORR, which is reversible only after excursions to very negative potentials (−1.4 V). The addition of water leads to an enhancement of all processes described above, which is at least partly explained by a higher mobility of O₂ and Zn²⁺ in the water containing electrolytes. Consequences for the operation of Zn-air batteries in these electrolytes are discussed