Analysis of Risk Factors in Patients Who Have Undergone Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery and Valve Replacement Surgery

DergiPark: 584639tmsjAims: The aim of the study is to investigate differences in usual cardiovascular risk factors’ and comorbidities between the patients who had undergone coronary artery bypass grafting surgery and valve replacement surgery at Cardiovascular SurgeryDepartment of Trakya University School of Medicine. Methods: In this study, patients who had coronary artery bypass graftingsurgery and valve replacement surgery at Cardiovascular Surgery Department of Trakya University School of Medicine between01.01.2018 and 31.12.2018 were analyzed retrospectively. All data regarding the type of cardiovascular operation, habits of smoking, alcohol consumption, family history, chronic diseases and laboratory findings were analyzed using R version 3.5.0. Results:The total number of patients in the study was 130. There were 106 patients who had coronary bypass grafting surgery, 90 (95.4%)of them were male and 16 (4.6%) of them were female. The number of the patients who had valve replacement surgery was 24where 15 (62.5%) of them were female and 9 (37.5%) were male. Differences in patients’ high-density lipoprotein levels, fastingblood glucose levels along with gender, habits of smoking, diabetes mellitus status and alcohol consumption between coronaryartery bypass grafting surgery and valve replacement surgery groups were found statistically significant. Conclusion: Risk factors for cardiovascular disease are very dynamic and multifactorial. In our analysis, there was a significant difference betweenrisk factors for coronary artery bypass and valve replacement surgeries including high-density lipoprotein levels, fasting bloodglucose levels, diabetes mellitus, gender and smoking status. The variability may alter according to the living standards, culture,educational status among patients. Keywords: Coronary disease, coronary artery, surgery, risk factor

Expression of HLA class I and class II genes in patients with multiple skin warts

Human leukocyte antigens (HLAs), which are genetic markers that have critical roles in the immune response against pathogens, vary greatly among individuals. The aim of the study is to investigate the frequency of HLA class I (HLA-A, HLA-B and HLAC) and class II (HLA-DRB1, HLA-DQB1 and HLA-DQA1) genes in patients with multiple skin warts and to elucidate the role of these genes in the genetic susceptibility to skin warts. Peripheral venous blood samples were collected from 100 patients with multiple skin warts and 300 healthy individuals (controls). HLA typing was performed after DNA isolation from the blood samples. The HLA-A*02 (odds ratio [OR]: 0.12; p = 0.0019), HLA-DQA1*03:01 (OR: 0.45; p = 0.0017) and DQA1*05:01 (OR: 0.17; p < 0.0001) genes were significantly more prevalent in the patients than in the healthy individuals and were thus identified as risk genes. The HLA-DQA1*01:01 (OR: 0.17; p < 0.0001), HLA-DQA1*01:02 (OR: 0.17; p < 0.0001), HLA-DQA1*01:03 (OR: 0.11; p < 0.0001), HLA-DQA1*02:01 (OR:027; p<0.0001) and HLA-DQA1*05:05 (OR:0.16; p<0.0001) genes were classified as protective genes because of their low frequencies in the patients. The limitation of the study is that Human papillomavirus typing could not be performed while investigating the relationship between skin warts and HLA class I and class II genes. Our data suggest the role of HLA genes in the development of skin warts. However, other components of the major histocompatibility complex system and acquired factors of the immune system could also be involved and should be further investigated