1,119 research outputs found
On the edge of a new frontier: Is gerontological social work in the UK ready to meet twenty-first-century challenges?
This article is available open access through the publisherâs website. Copyright @ 2013 The Authors.This article explores the readiness of gerontological social work in the UK for meeting the challenges of an ageing society by investigating the focus on work with older people in social work education and the scope of gerontological social work research. The discussion draws on findings from two exploratory studies: a survey of qualifying master's programmes in England and a survey of the content relating to older people over a six-year period in four leading UK social work journals. The evidence from master's programmes suggests widespread neglect of ageing in teaching content and practice learning. Social work journals present a more nuanced picture. Older people emerge within coverage of generic policy issues for adults, such as personalisation and safeguarding, and there is good evidence of the complexity of need in late life. However, there is little attention to effective social work interventions, with an increasingly diverse older population, or to the quality of gerontological social work education. The case is made for infusing content on older people throughout the social work curriculum, for extending practice learning opportunities in social work with older people and for increasing the volume and reporting of gerontological social work research.Brunel Institute for Ageing Studie
Forty-five revolutions per minute:a qualitative study of Hybrid Order use in forensic psychiatric practice
Psychiatrists who recommend a Hybrid Order (Section 45A) as a disposal option at the point of sentencing accept that the convicted individual, as well as being mentally disordered and in need of treatment, is also culpable and deserving of criminal punishment. Ethical and clinical concerns have typically limited its clinical use. However, in 2015 the Court of Appeal specified in R v Vowles and others that the Hybrid Order disposal should be considered first in terms of potential mental health disposals. This judgement sets a high threshold for the use of the hospital order which has been the bedrock of inpatient forensic psychiatric practice since 1983. This study sought to explore the attitudes of consultant forensic psychiatrists towards the use of the Hybrid Order in the wake of the Vowles judgement. We interviewed 12 consultant forensic psychiatrists with longstanding experience of psychiatric sentencing recommendations. We found that the majority of consultants considered the Hybrid Order to be a valuable disposal option when used under specific circumstances. However, significant concerns were raised about its use in those with an enduring psychotic illness. Community aftercare arrangements for Hybrid Order disposals were viewed as inferior to community aftercare arrangements for Section 37/41 patients
On the properties of fractal cloud complexes
We study the physical properties derived from interstellar cloud complexes
having a fractal structure. We first generate fractal clouds with a given
fractal dimension and associate each clump with a maximum in the resulting
density field. Then, we discuss the effect that different criteria for clump
selection has on the derived global properties. We calculate the masses, sizes
and average densities of the clumps as a function of the fractal dimension
(D_f) and the fraction of the total mass in the form of clumps (epsilon). In
general, clump mass does not fulfill a simple power law with size of the type
M_cl ~ (R_cl)**(gamma), instead the power changes, from gamma ~ 3 at small
sizes to gamma<3 at larger sizes. The number of clumps per logarithmic mass
interval can be fitted to a power law N_cl ~ (M_cl)**(-alpha_M) in the range of
relatively large masses, and the corresponding size distribution is N_cl ~
(R_cl)**(-alpha_R) at large sizes. When all the mass is forming clumps
(epsilon=1) we obtain that as D_f increases from 2 to 3 alpha_M increases from
~0.3 to ~0.6 and alpha_R increases from ~1.0 to ~2.1. Comparison with
observations suggests that D_f ~ 2.6 is roughly consistent with the average
properties of the ISM. On the other hand, as the fraction of mass in clumps
decreases (epsilon<1) alpha_M increases and alpha_R decreases. When only ~10%
of the complex mass is in the form of dense clumps we obtain alpha_M ~ 1.2 for
D_f=2.6 (not very different from the Salpeter value 1.35), suggesting this a
likely link between the stellar initial mass function and the internal
structure of molecular cloud complexes.Comment: 32 pages, 13 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in Ap
A community-based oral health self-care intervention for Hispanic families
Objectives
A community-based intervention is described that targets oral health self-care practices among Hispanic children in the United States and is being tested in an ongoing trial. Descriptive results of baseline oral health variables are presented. Methods
As of January 2013, 284 Hispanic children of ages 5â7 enrolled in the Healthy Families Study in Nashville, TN, USA. Families are randomized to one of two culturally appropriate interventions. Results
At baseline, 69.6 % of children brushed at least twice daily, and 40.6 % brushed before bed daily. One-third of parents did not know if their childrenâs toothpaste contained fluoride. Conclusions
This intervention fills the need for community-based interventions to improve oral health self-care practices that are culturally appropriate in Hispanic families
SNPS/INDELS identification in genomic regions of abc transporters in susceptible and ivermectin-resistant Haemonchus contortus
Assessment and treatment of distorted schemas in sexual offenders
The aim of this review is to examine the literature related to the assessment and treatment of sex offendersâ distorted schemas. Where appropriate, the review draws upon current insights from the field of social cognition to aid in the critical evaluation of the findings. First, the review considers the various different methodologies for assessing distorted schemas, discussing their strengths and limitations. Second, the review examines the work related to the treatment of sex offendersâ schemas. Suggestions for future research, and the implications for clinical practice, are highlighted in the article
Liberal intervention in the foreign policy thinking of Tony Blair and David Cameron
David Cameron was a critic of Tony Blairâs doctrine of the international community, which was used to justify war in Kosovo and more controversially in Iraq, suggesting caution in projecting military force abroad while in opposition. However, and in spite of making severe cuts to the defence budget, the Cameron-led Coalition government signed Britain up to a military intervention in Libya within a year of coming into office. What does this say about the place liberal interventionism occupies in contemporary British foreign policy? To answer this question, this article studies the nature of what we describe as the âbounded liberalâ tradition that has informed British foreign policy thinking since 1945, suggesting that it puts a distinctly UK national twist on conventional conservative thought about international affairs. Its components are: scepticism of grand schemes to remake the world; instinctive Atlanticism; security through collective endeavour; and anti-appeasement. We then compare and contrast the conditions for intervention set out by Tony Blair and David Cameron. We explain the similarities but crucially also the vital differences between the two leadersâ thinking on intervention, with particular reference to Cameronâs perception that Downing Street needed to loosen its control over foreign policy-making after Iraq. Our argument is that policy substance, policy style and party political dilemmas prompted Blair and Cameron to reconnect British foreign policy with its ethical roots, ingraining a bounded liberal posture to British foreign policy after the moral bankruptcy of the John Major years. This return to a patient, pragmatic and ethically informed foreign policy meant that military operations in Kosovo and Libya were undertaken in quite different circumstances, yet came to be justified by similar arguments from the two leaders
Ancient founder mutation is responsible for Imerslund-GrÀsbeck Syndrome among diverse ethnicities
Mass-luminosity relation and pulsational properties of Wolf-Rayet stars
Evolution of Population I stars with initial masses from 70M_\odot to
130M_\odot is considered under various assumptions on the mass loss rate \dot
M. The mass-luminosity relation of W-R stars is shown to be most sensitive to
the mass loss rate during the helium burning phase \dot M_{3\alpha}. Together
with the mass-luminosity relation obtained for all evolutionary sequences
several more exact relations are determined for the constant ratio
f_{3\alpha}=\dot M/\dot M_{3\alpha} with 0.5 \le f_{3\alpha} \le 3.
Evolutionary models of W-R stars were used as initial conditions in
hydrodynamic computations of radial nonlinear stellar oscillations. The
oscillation amplitude is larger in W-R stars with smaller initial mass or with
lower mass loss rate due to higher surface abundances of carbon and oxygen. In
the evolving W-R star the oscillation amplitude decreases with decreasing
stellar mass M and for M < 10M_\odot the sufficiently small nonlinear effects
allow us to calculate the integral of the mechanical work W done over the
pulsation cycle in each mass zone of the hydrodynamical model. The only
positive maximum on the radial dependence of W is in the layers with
temperature of T\sim 2e5K where oscillations are excited by the iron Z--bump
kappa-mechanism. Radial oscillations of W-R stars with mass of M > 10M_\odot
are shown to be also excited by the kappa-mechanism but the instability driving
zone is at the bottom of the envelope and pulsation motions exist in the form
of nonlinear running waves propagating outward from the inner layers of the
envelope.Comment: 15 pages, 10 figures, submitted to Astronomy Letter
A Test of the Standard Hypothesis for the Origin of the HI Holes in Holmberg II
The nearby irregular galaxy Holmberg II has been extensively mapped in HI
using the Very Large Array (VLA), revealing intricate structure in its
interstellar gas component (Puche et al. 1992). An analysis of these structures
shows the neutral gas to contain a number of expanding HI holes. The formation
of the HI holes has been attributed to multiple supernova events occurring
within wind-blown shells around young, massive star clusters, with as many as
10-200 supernovae required to produce many of the holes. From the sizes and
expansion velocities of the holes, Puche et al. assigned ages of ~10^7 to 10^8
years. If the supernova scenario for the formation of the HI holes is correct,
it implies the existence of star clusters with a substantial population of
late-B, A and F main sequence stars at the centers of the holes. Many of these
clusters should be detectable in deep ground-based CCD images of the galaxy. In
order to test the supernova hypothesis for the formation of the HI holes, we
have obtained and analyzed deep broad-band BVR and narrow-band H-alpha images
of Ho II. We compare the optical and HI data and search for evidence of the
expected star clusters in and around the HI holes. We also use the HI data to
constrain models of the expected remnant stellar population. We show that in
several of the holes the observed upper limits for the remnant cluster
brightness are strongly inconsistent with the SNe hypothesis described in Puche
et al. Moreover, many of the HI holes are located in regions of very low
optical surface brightness which show no indication of recent star formation.
Here we present our findings and explore possible alternative explanations for
the existence of the HI holes in Ho II, including the suggestion that some of
the holes were produced by Gamma-ray burst events.Comment: 30 pages, including 6 tables and 3 images. To appear in Astron.
Journal (June 1999
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