Employment Law and the Mentally Handicapped

Mental handicaps affect a suprisingly large part of the community. If the handicapped cannot make themselves self-sufficient, they become a great economic burden whereas they may have the potential of being contributors to society. This paper will examine aspects of the law relating to employment opportunity and certain social service structures, and question the extent to which they further a handicapped person\u27s goal of fulfilling his employment potential. Field research was done only in the Halifax area, but the analysis is pertinent across Canada because the statutory provisions, social services and social assistance structures found in Halifax are on the whole similar to those found across Canada

Quantum state resolved molecular beam reflectivity measurements: CH4 dissociation on Pt(111)

The King and Wells molecular beam reflectivity method has been used for a quantum state resolved study of the dissociative chemisorption of CH4 on Pt(111) at several surface temperatures. Initial sticking coefficients were measured for incident CH4 prepared both with a single quantum of antisymmetric stretch vibration by infrared laser pumping, and without laser excitation. Vibrational excitation of the mode is observed to be less efficient than incident translational energy in promoting the dissociation reaction with a vibrational efficacy = 0.65. The initial state resolved sticking coefficient was found to be independent of the surface temperature over the 50kJ/mol to 120kJ/mol translational energy range studied here. However, the surface temperature dependence of the King and Wells data reveals the migration of adsorbed carbon formed by CH4 dissociation on the Pt(111) surface leading to the growth of carbon particles

Evidence for Sodium-Coupled Acid-Base Transport Across the Basolateral Membrane of the Reabsorptive Duct of the Human Eccrine Sweat Gland

Intracellular pH was measured in isolated nonperfused ducts of human eccrine sweat glands in vitro to investigate basolateral acid-base transport mechanisms. Bath sodium removal led to a bicarbonate-independent, 4-acetamido-4′-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2′-disulfonic acid insensitive acidification. The recovery of this acidification was ethylisopropyl amiloride sensitive, suggestive of basolateral sodium:hydrogen exchange. Whereas bath chloride removal led to a small acidification this was not 4-acetamido-4′-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2′-disulfonic acid sensitive and its causes remain unclear. Elevation of bath potassium to depolarize the basolateral membrane led to a small alkalinization but this was not mimicked by addition of barium or chloride removal. As chloride removal and barium addition would be expected to cause larger depolarizations than potassium elevation these observations do not support a major role for electrogenic acid-base transport. In conclusion, although this study does not support a major role for electrogenic acid-base transport, it has demonstrated the basolateral presence of sodium-coupled acid-base transport in the reabsorptive duct of the human eccrine sweat gland, which most likely represents a sodium:hydrogen exchanger involved in regulation of intracellular pH

CHD3 Dissociation on the Kinked Pt(210) Surface: A Comparison of Experiment and Theory

To be able to simulate activated heterogeneously catalyzed reactions on the edge and corner sites of nanoparticles, a method for calculating accurate activation barriers for the reactions is required. We have recently demonstrated that a semiempirical specific reaction parameter (SRP) density functional developed to describe CHD3 dissociation on a flat Ni(111) surface is transferable to describing the same reaction on a stepped Pt(211) surface. In the current work, we compare initial sticking coefficients measured using the King and Wells beam reflectivity technique and calculated from ab initio molecular dynamics trajectories using the same SRP functional for CHD3 dissociation on a kinked Pt(210) surface at a temperature of 650 K. The calculated sticking coefficients overestimate those determined experimentally, with an average energy shift between the two curves of 13.6 kJ/mol, which is over a factor of 3 times higher than the 4.2 kJ/mol limit that defines chemical accuracy. This suggests the SRP functional predicts an activation barrier that is too low for the dissociation on the least coordinated kink atom, which is the site of the lowest energy transition state and where most of the dissociation occurs in the calculations

Art Therapy with an Eating Disordered Male Population: A Case Study

Despite a number of studies found throughout the psychological literature, onlyfour case studies have been published regarding an eating disordered male in thecontext of art therapy treatment. An exploratory qualitative case study design wasused in order to address the following research questions: What is the process ofart therapy treatment with the eating disordered male, as seen through the subject?What is the nature of the artwork produced by the eating disordered male, as seenthrough the subject? The objectives of this case study were to explore the art therapyprocess, describe the symbolism contained in the artwork, and gather additionalinformation regarding the nature of eating disorders in men. This case study includedone anorexic male who met the research criteria of being between the ages of 18 and60, and who was hospitalized for at least a one week, allowing for the completion ofthree individual art therapy sessions. The subject’s artwork corresponded to severalconflicts present in the artwork of eating disordered females in the literature. Forexample, conflicts regarding family relationships and denial of the body seemed toemerge in the artwork and verbalizations. The findings also suggest that the patientstruggled with his sexual identity, which is a common feature of men with eatingdisorders. Future studies will need to corroborate the findings of this study, as wellas extend the research period beyond a one week period, in order to record artisticchanges that may occur throughout the re-feeding process. The results also impliedthat further research is needed in regards to the transferential relationship between afemale therapist and a male anorexic patient. As this study only included one malediagnosed with anorexia, more research is needed to explore the art therapy processand symbolism of men diagnosed with bulimia, eating disorder NOS, or binge eatingdisorder.M.A., Creative Arts in Therapy -- Drexel University, 200

Childhood abuse and the content of delusions

Original article can be found at: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01452134 Copyright Elsevier Ltd.We aimed to investigate possible associations between histories of childhood abuse and the content of delusions for individuals with psychotic disorders. 39 participants with a psychotic disorder including one or more delusional beliefs successfully completed structured interviews about childhood trauma, delusional beliefs and associated anomalous perceptual experiences including hallucinations. The presence of hallucinations was predicted by greater physical abuse. Greater abuse in general was associated with delusions involving ‘special abilities’ (grandiosity) and, at trend levels, with those involving ‘defective self’. Though preliminary, these results suggest that further investigation is warranted. The presence and nature of abuse may be relevant to delusional presentations and should form an essential part of clinical assessment of psychotic disorder.Peer reviewe

Incident Angle Dependence of CHD3Dissociation on the Stepped Pt(211) Surface

The dissociation of methane on transition metal surfaces is not only of fundamental interest but also of industrial importance as it represents a rate-controlling step in the steam-reforming reaction used commercially to produce hydrogen. Recently, a specific reaction parameter functional (SRP32- vdW) has been developed, which describes the dissociative chemisorption of CHD3 at normal incidence on Ni(111), Pt(111), and Pt(211) within chemical accuracy (4.2 kJ/mol). Here, we further test the validity of this functional by comparing the initial sticking coefficients (S0), obtained from ab-initio molecular dynamics calculations run using this functional, with those measured with the King and Wells method at different angles of incidence for CHD3 dissociation on Pt(211). The two sets of data are in good agreement, demonstrating that the SRP32-vdW functional also accurately describes CHD3 dissociation at off-normal angles of incidence. When the direction of incidence is perpendicular to the step edges, an asymmetry is seen in the reactivity with respect to the surface normal, with S0 being higher when the molecule is directed toward the (100) step rather than the (111) terrace. Although there is a small shadowing effect, the trends in S0 can be attributed to different activation barriers for different surface sites, which in turn is related to the generalized co-ordination numbers of the surface atom to which the dissociating molecule is adsorbed in the transition state. Consequently, most reactivity is seen on the least co-ordinated step atoms at all angles of incidence