3,520 research outputs found
Young LMC clusters: the role of red supergiants and multiple stellar populations in their integrated light and CMDs
The optical integrated spectra of three LMC young stellar clusters (NGC 1984,
NGC 1994 and NGC 2011) exhibit concave continua and prominent molecular bands
which deviate significantly from the predictions of single stellar population
(SSP) models. In order to understand the appearance of these spectra, we create
a set of young stellar population (MILES) models, which we make available to
the community. We use archival International Ultraviolet Explorer integrated UV
spectra to independently constrain the cluster masses and extinction, and rule
out strong stochastic effects in the optical spectra. In addition, we also
analyze deep colour-magnitude diagrams of the clusters to provide independent
age determinations based on isochrone fitting. We explore hypotheses including
age-spreads in the clusters, a top-heavy initial mass function, different SSP
models and the role of red supergiant stars (RSG). We find that the strong
molecular features in the optical spectra can only be reproduced by modeling an
increased fraction of about 20 per cent by luminosity of RSG above what is
predicted by canonical stellar evolution models. Given the uncertainties in
stellar evolution at Myr ages, we cannot presently rule-out the presence of Myr
age-spreads in these clusters. Our work combines different wavelengths as well
as different approaches (resolved data as well as integrated spectra for the
same sample) in order to reveal the complete picture. We show that each
approach provides important information but in combination can we better
understand the cluster stellar populations.Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRA
The Runaway Quiver
We point out that some recently proposed string theory realizations of
dynamical supersymmetry breaking actually do not break supersymmetry in the
usual desired sense. Instead, there is a runaway potential, which slides down
to a supersymmetric vacuum at infinite expectation values for some fields. The
runaway direction is not on a separated branch; rather, it shows up as
a"tadpole" everywhere on the moduli space of field expectation values.Comment: 12 pages, no figures. v2: reference chang
Emerging Non-Anomalous Baryonic Symmetries in the AdS_5/CFT_4 Correspondence
We study the breaking of baryonic symmetries in the AdS_5/CFT_4
correspondence for D3 branes at Calabi-Yau three-fold singularities. This
leads, for particular VEVs, to the emergence of non-anomalous baryonic
symmetries during the renormalization group flow. We claim that these VEVs
correspond to critical values of the B-field moduli in the dual supergravity
backgrounds. We study in detail the C^3/Z_3 orbifold, the cone over F_0 and the
C^3/Z_5 orbifold. For the first two examples, we study the dual supergravity
backgrounds that correspond to the breaking of the emerging baryonic symmetries
and identify the expected Goldstone bosons and global strings in the infra-red.
In doing so we confirm the claim that the emerging symmetries are indeed
non-anomalous baryonic symmetries.Comment: 65 pages, 15 figures;v2: minor changes, published versio
D-branes Wrapped on Fuzzy del Pezzo Surfaces
We construct classical solutions in quiver gauge theories on D0-branes
probing toric del Pezzo singularities in Calabi-Yau manifolds. Our solutions
represent D4-branes wrapped around fuzzy del Pezzo surfaces. We study the
fluctuation spectrum around the fuzzy CP^2 solution in detail. We also comment
on possible applications of our fuzzy del Pezzo surfaces to the fuzzy version
of F-theory, dubbed F(uzz) theory.Comment: 1+42 pages, 9 figures v2: references added v3: statements on the
structure of the Yukawa couplings weakened. published versio
Supersymmetric States in M5/M2 CFTs
We propose an exact, finite formula for the partition function over
BPS states in the conformal field theory on the world volume of
coincident M5 branes and BPS states in the theory of coincident
M2 branes. We obtain our partition function by performing the radial
quantization of the Coulomb Branches of these theories, and rederive the same
formula from the quantization of supersymmetric giant and dual giant gravitons
in and . Our partition function is
qualitatively similar to the analogous quantity in Yang Mills. It
reduces to the sum over supersymmetric multi gravitons at low energies, but
deviates from this supergravity formula at energies that scale like a positive
power of .Comment: 24 pages, harvmac; v2 reference adde
Chern-Simons Theory on S^1-Bundles: Abelianisation and q-deformed Yang-Mills Theory
We study Chern-Simons theory on 3-manifolds that are circle-bundles over
2-dimensional surfaces and show that the method of Abelianisation,
previously employed for trivial bundles , can be adapted to
this case. This reduces the non-Abelian theory on to a 2-dimensional
Abelian theory on which we identify with q-deformed Yang-Mills theory,
as anticipated by Vafa et al. We compare and contrast our results with those
obtained by Beasley and Witten using the method of non-Abelian localisation,
and determine the surgery and framing presecription implicit in this path
integral evaluation. We also comment on the extension of these methods to BF
theory and other generalisations.Comment: 37 pages; v2: references adde
Recovering star formation histories: Integrated-light analyses vs stellar colour-magnitude diagrams
Accurate star formation histories (SFHs) of galaxies are fundamental for
understanding the build-up of their stellar content. However, the most accurate
SFHs - those obtained from colour-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) of resolved stars
reaching the oldest main sequence turnoffs (oMSTO) - are presently limited to a
few systems in the Local Group. It is therefore crucial to determine the
reliability and range of applicability of SFHs derived from integrated light
spectroscopy, as this affects our understanding of unresolved galaxies from low
to high redshift.
To evaluate the reliability of current full spectral fitting techniques in
deriving SFHs from integrated light spectroscopy by comparing SFHs from
integrated spectra to those obtained from deep CMDs of resolved stars.
We have obtained a high signal--to--noise (S/N 36.3 per \AA)
integrated spectrum of a field in the bar of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC)
using EFOSC2 at the 3.6 meter telescope at La Silla Observatory. For this same
field, resolved stellar data reaching the oMSTO are available. We have compared
the star formation rate (SFR) as a function of time and the age-metallicity
relation (AMR) obtained from the integrated spectrum using {\tt STECKMAP}, and
the CMD using the IAC-star/MinnIAC/IAC-pop set of routines. For the sake of
completeness we also use and discuss other synthesis codes ({\tt STARLIGHT} and
{\tt ULySS}) to derive the SFR and AMR from the integrated LMC spectrum.
We find very good agreement (average differences 4.1 ) between the
SFR(t) and the AMR obtained using {\tt STECKMAP} on the integrated light
spectrum, and the CMD analysis. {\tt STECKMAP} minimizes the impact of the
age-metallicity degeneracy and has the advantage of preferring smooth solutions
to recover complex SFHs by means of a penalized . [abridged]Comment: 23 pages, 24 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A (6 Sep 2015
Dibaryons from Exceptional Collections
We discuss aspects of the dictionary between brane configurations in del
Pezzo geometries and dibaryons in the dual superconformal quiver gauge
theories. The basis of fractional branes defining the quiver theory at the
singularity has a K-theoretic dual exceptional collection of bundles which can
be used to read off the spectrum of dibaryons in the weakly curved dual
geometry. Our prescription identifies the R-charge R and all baryonic U(1)
charges Q_I with divisors in the del Pezzo surface without any Weyl group
ambiguity. As one application of the correspondence, we identify the cubic
anomaly tr R Q_I Q_J as an intersection product for dibaryon charges in large-N
superconformal gauge theories. Examples can be given for all del Pezzo surfaces
using three- and four-block exceptional collections. Markov-type equations
enforce consistency among anomaly equations for three-block collections.Comment: 47 pages, 11 figures, corrected ref
Exceptional Collections and del Pezzo Gauge Theories
Stacks of D3-branes placed at the tip of a cone over a del Pezzo surface
provide a way of geometrically engineering a small but rich class of
gauge/gravity dualities. We develop tools for understanding the resulting
quiver gauge theories using exceptional collections. We prove two important
results for a general quiver gauge theory: 1) we show the ordering of the nodes
can be determined up to cyclic permutation and 2) we derive a simple formula
for the ranks of the gauge groups (at the conformal point) in terms of the
numbers of bifundamentals. We also provide a detailed analysis of four node
quivers, examining when precisely mutations of the exceptional collection are
related to Seiberg duality.Comment: 26 pages, 1 figure; v2 footnote 2 amended; v3 ref adde
Proximity Effect and Josephson Coupling in the SO(5) Theory of High-Tc Superconductivity
We consider proximity effect coupling in
Superconducting/Antiferromagnetic/Superconducting (S-A-S) sandwiches using the
recently developed SO(5) effective theory of high temperature
superconductivity. We find that, for narrow junctions, the A region acts like a
strong superconductor, and that there is a critical junction thickness which
depends on the effective SO(5) coupling constants and on the phase difference
across the junction, at which the A region undergoes a Freedericksz-like
transition to a state which is intermediate between superconductor and
antiferromagnet. For thick junctions, the current-phase relation is sinusoidal,
as in standard S-N-S and S-I-S junctions, but for thin junctions it shows a
sharp break in slope at the Freedericksz point.Comment: 4 pages, LATEX, 5 eps fig
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