Masculine and Feminine Facial Muscle Reactivity in Response to Observation

Individuals are consciously and unconsciously motivated by the need to fit in with social situations in order to maintain health and upkeep appearances (Hale et al., 2005). The literature has shown that individuals tend to change their facial expressions, particularly their zygomatic and ocularis muscles, in response to social situations, and they tend to exhibit an elevated heart rate (Brandenburg et al., 2022; Linnunsalo 2023). We predict females will exhibit these traits more due to their increased empathy and natural facial reactivity caused by the social pressures that dictate display rules of emotion by gender (Pollack, 1998; Adams Jr., 2014). We tested participants from Belmont University\u27s Introduction to Psychology classes by having them take an assessment while hooked up to a facial EMG and ECG. These participants were split up into three conditions to test the importance of social observation: in person observation, online observation, and no observation. Our expected results might suggest that higher facial muscle reactivity and heart rate will be found in more feminine individuals. With these findings, it can be suggested that social presence and societal pressures surrounding gender norms have a lasting impact in all facets of our lives

Trajectories of Big Five Personality Traits: A Coordinated Analysis of 16 Longitudinal Samples

This study assessed change in self‐reported Big Five personality traits. We conducted a coordinated integrative data analysis using data from 16 longitudinal samples, comprising a total sample of over 60 000 participants. We coordinated models across multiple datasets and fit identical multi‐level growth models to assess and compare the extent of trait change over time. Quadratic change was assessed in a subset of samples with four or more measurement occasions. Across studies, the linear trajectory models revealed declines in conscientiousness, extraversion, and openness. Non‐linear models suggested late‐life increases in neuroticism. Meta‐analytic summaries indicated that the fixed effects of personality change are somewhat heterogeneous and that the variability in trait change is partially explained by sample age, country of origin, and personality measurement method. We also found mixed evidence for predictors of change, specifically for sex and baseline age. This study demonstrates the importance of coordinated conceptual replications for accelerating the accumulation of robust and reliable findings in the lifespan developmental psychological sciences. © 2020 European Association of Personality PsychologyPeer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156004/1/per2259.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156004/2/per2259-sup-0001-Data_S1.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156004/3/per2259-sup-0002-Open_Practices_Disclosure_Form.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156004/4/per2259_am.pd

Thrive: Success Strategies for the Modern-Day Faculty Member

The THRIVE collection is intended to help faculty thrive in their roles as educators, scholars, researchers, and clinicians. Each section contains a variety of thought-provoking topics that are designed to be easily digested, guide personal reflection, and put into action. Please use the THRIVE collection to help: Individuals study topics on their own, whenever and wherever they want Peer-mentoring or other learning communities study topics in small groups Leaders and planners strategically insert faculty development into existing meetings Faculty identify campus experts for additional learning, grand rounds, etc. If you have questions or want additional information on a topic, simply contact the article author or email [email protected]://digitalcommons.unmc.edu/facdev_books/1000/thumbnail.jp

Nurses' perceptions of aids and obstacles to the provision of optimal end of life care in ICU

Contains fulltext : 172380.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access

Adultère, indices médicaux et recul de la torture à Genève (XVIIe siècle)

This article investigates how the practice of judicial torture was shaped by attitudes to sin, to gender, and to the testimony of medical experts in seventeenth-century Geneva. In 1645, Nicolarde Boeuf was found to have syphilis and was charged with adultery, a crime that, when proven, sometimes resulted in a sentence of execution in Geneva.  When she denied the charges, she was tortured repeatedly, found guilty, and ultimately hanged. Whereas other scholars have argued that growing reliance on medical experts reduced the need for torture in criminal trials, this analysis reveals that early modern assumptions about the seriousness of female marital infidelity and about the importance of females as vectors of sexually transmitted diseases led the judges to torture Nicolarde until she produced a confession of guilt.  The practice of torture declined in Geneva not because of increased reliance on medical experts but because Genevan judges eventually decided that sexual and moral crimes such as adultery did not warrant the death penalty

Adultère, indices médicaux et recul de la torture à Genève (XVIIe siècle)

L’objet de cet article est de s’interroger sur la façon dont la pratique de la torture judiciaire était configurée par le rapport au genre, les attitudes envers le pêché, mais aussi par le témoignage des experts médicaux, à Genève au xviie siècle. En 1645, Nicolarde Bœuf a été diagnostiquée syphilitique puis accusée d’adultère : à Genève, ce crime, lorsqu’il était prouvé pouvait déboucher sur la peine capitale. Comme elle niait cette accusation, Nicolarde fut torturée, déclarée coupable et pendue. Alors qu’il a été avancé que le recours à l’expertise médicale avait réduit le recours à la torture judiciaire, cette analyse montre que les présupposés au sujet de la gravité de l’adultère féminin et du rôle des femmes en matière de transmission des maladies vénériennes ont amené les juges à faire torturer Nicolarde jusqu’à ce qu’elle confesse sa culpabilité. La pratique genevoise de la torture n’a donc pas décliné en raison du recours à l’expertise médicale mais parce que les juges ont décidé que l’adultère comme crime moral et sexuel ne méritait plus la peine de mort.This article investigates how the practice of judicial torture was shaped by attitudes to sin, to gender, and to the testimony of medical experts in seventeenth-century Geneva. In 1645, Nicolarde Boeuf was found to have syphilis and was charged with adultery, a crime that, when proven, sometimes resulted in a sentence of execution in Geneva.  When she denied the charges, she was tortured repeatedly, found guilty, and ultimately hanged. Whereas other scholars have argued that growing reliance on medical experts reduced the need for torture in criminal trials, this analysis reveals that early modern assumptions about the seriousness of female marital infidelity and about the importance of females as vectors of sexually transmitted diseases led the judges to torture Nicolarde until she produced a confession of guilt.  The practice of torture declined in Geneva not because of increased reliance on medical experts but because Genevan judges eventually decided that sexual and moral crimes such as adultery did not warrant the death penalty

Adultère, indices médicaux et recul de la torture à Genève (XVIIe siècle)

This article investigates how the practice of judicial torture was shaped by attitudes to sin, to gender, and to the testimony of medical experts in seventeenth-century Geneva. In 1645, Nicolarde Boeuf was found to have syphilis and was charged with adultery, a crime that, when proven, sometimes resulted in a sentence of execution in Geneva.  When she denied the charges, she was tortured repeatedly, found guilty, and ultimately hanged. Whereas other scholars have argued that growing reliance on medical experts reduced the need for torture in criminal trials, this analysis reveals that early modern assumptions about the seriousness of female marital infidelity and about the importance of females as vectors of sexually transmitted diseases led the judges to torture Nicolarde until she produced a confession of guilt.  The practice of torture declined in Geneva not because of increased reliance on medical experts but because Genevan judges eventually decided that sexual and moral crimes such as adultery did not warrant the death penalty