La nouvelle scène conceptionnelle (contribution à l éthique de la procréation humaine)

PARIS-EST Marne-la-Vallee-BU (774682101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Determination of hydrogen permeation properties of polymers by means of numerical study and experimental validation

International audienc

Effect of a low magnesium diet on magnesium status and gene expression in the kidneys of mice selected for high and low magnesium erythrocyte levels

International audienceThe magnesium concentrations in plasma and cells could be affected by diet, disease and genetic factors. To characterise the genetic factors involved in the regulation of magnesium homeostasis, Low (MgL) and High (MgH) magnesium status mice were developed by bidirectional selective breeding. The effects of a low-magnesium diet on the magnesium status parameters were analysed in these mice. Using a cDNA array, a screen for differential gene expression was performed in kidneys from these animals, fed either a magnesium adequate or deficient diet. The magnesium-deficient diet significantly affected the plasma, erythrocyte and urine magnesium concentrations in both strains, in similar proportions in the two strains. Furthermore, in response to the magnesium-deficient diet, both strains showed changes of the expression of genes belonging, for the majority of them, to the family of transcription and growth factors (down-regulated). Of the identified genes, five were of particular interest because they were differently expressed in response to the deficient diet in these two strains: osteopontin, the cholecystokinin A receptor, connexin 45, a growth hormone receptor and BAG1. These results suggest that the two strains exhibit different physiopathological responses to magnesium deficiency

Lien entre nutrition et biologie des vésicules extracellulaires endothéliales : impact des métabolites de flavanones sur la sécrétion vésiculaire postprandiale et le contenu en miRNAs

National audienc

Extracellular Vesicles as mediators of flavonoid effects -Impact of flavanone metabolites on postprandial endothelial EVs and their miRNA content

International audienc

Does acute glutamine depletion enhance the response of glutamine synthesis to fasting in muscle in adult and old rats?

International audienceBACKGROUND AND AIMS: In earlier studies, skeletal muscle glutamine synthetase (GS) activity was shown to be enhanced by fasting and glucocorticoids, and inhibited by exogenous glutamine (Gln) supplementation. The current study was designed to determine whether phenylbutyrate (PhiB), a Gln-chelating agent in humans, (1) could trap Gln and produce a decline in plasma Gln in rats, as it does in humans, and (2) if so, whether (Phi)B would further enhance the response of muscle GS activity to fasting in rats. METHODS: Adult (6-8 months) and aged (20-21 months) rats were fasted for 5 days and received two doses of 0.5 g(Phi)Bby orogastric route at times 0 and 4 h, and were then sacrificed at 5.5 h. Plasma Gln was measured by enzymatic methods, other amino acids were quantified by amino acid analysis. GS activity was measured in soleus (SO) and tibialis anterior (TA) muscles. RESULTS: (Phi)B treatment was associated with: (1) a 20% decline in plasma Gln concentration from 572+/-54 to 424+/-34 micromol/L (P<0.05) and from 476+/-49 to 360+/-80 micromol/L (P<0.05) in fasted adult and old rats, respectively; and (2) a preservation of GS up-regulation by fasting in TA and SO muscles in both adult and aged rats, with TA muscle GS activities of 198+/-65 vs. 203+/-68 ((Phi)B-treated vs. vehicle-treated, NS), and 244+/-81 vs. 274+/-59 (NS) nmol/h/mg protein in adult and aged rats, respectively. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that: (1) large doses of (Phi)B deplete plasma Gln in fasted rats, regardless of age, (2) Gln depletion induced by Phi)B does not alter GS activity

Study of atmospheric dispersion mechanism of contaminants: Case of treated wastewater reuse land applied sprinkler

International audienceTreated wastewater reuse (TWWR) helps to meet growing water demands, reduces degradation of the quality of conventional water resources and contributes to soil fertilization. But, TWWR requires irrigation methods that minimize risks for health and the environment. At the international level, guidelines and recommendations have been developed based on health risk assessment processes, which form the background for most of the proposed guidelines on TWWR in other countries (Aquarec project, 2006; EPHC/NRMMC/AHMC, 2006; EPA, 2012). France has recently adopted regulations concerning the treated wastewater reuse for sprinkler irrigation, including the use of water from urban wastewater treatment plants for field crops or green spaces irrigation (ANSES, 2012; NOR-AFSP1410752A, 2014; NOR-TREL1803081A, 2018). However, there is still lack of knowledge about dispersion of inhaling pathogens such enteric viruses or toxic contaminants by sprinkler irrigation

A model to predict the permeation of type 4 hydrogen tanks

International audienceIn the frame of the certification process of the type IV hydrogen storage tanks MaHyTec aims to manufacture, this innovative SME is developing a numerical model dedicated to the study of permeation issues. Such an approach aims at avoiding complicated, time-consuming and expensive testing. Experimental results obtained under real conditions can moreover be significantly influenced by the scattering of material properties and liner dimensions. From simple testing on small-size flat membranes, the model allows to predict the gas diffusion flow through the whole structure by means of numerous parameters. On every step, theory can be compared with the results obtained from the samples. This document presents a brief review of the mathematical theory describing gas diffusion and the different aspects of the study for better understanding the proposed approach

Assessment of the overall hydrogen permeation through the walls of a real type IV tank

International audienc

Study of atmospheric dispersion mechanism of contaminants: Case of treated wastewater reuse land applied sprinkler

International audienceTreated wastewater reuse (TWWR) helps to meet growing water demands, reduces degradation of the quality of conventional water resources and contributes to soil fertilization. But, TWWR requires irrigation methods that minimize risks for health and the environment. At the international level, guidelines and recommendations have been developed based on health risk assessment processes, which form the background for most of the proposed guidelines on TWWR in other countries (Aquarec project, 2006; EPHC/NRMMC/AHMC, 2006; EPA, 2012). France has recently adopted regulations concerning the treated wastewater reuse for sprinkler irrigation, including the use of water from urban wastewater treatment plants for field crops or green spaces irrigation (ANSES, 2012; NOR-AFSP1410752A, 2014; NOR-TREL1803081A, 2018). However, there is still lack of knowledge about dispersion of inhaling pathogens such enteric viruses or toxic contaminants by sprinkler irrigation